Spring Cloud SpringCloud 自学课程1 详细讲解Spring boot web实例用到的maven和docker工具

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-18 22:42:25 发布

Michaelehome

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-18 22:42:25 发布

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分类专栏： SpingCloudSelfStudy

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/michaelehome/article/details/79958979

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实例工程达到的效果是：在Web上通过访问http://localhost:8080/hello/michael/zhang，返回Json字符串{"message":"Hello michael zhang"}

当然，最主要的是通过配置Docker，并且运行在docker上，其中详细讲解了maven plugin在pom.xml起到的作用。

实例代码已上传至Github：https://github.com/michaelzhanghe/springcloud-01-hello

本实例已在ubuntu17.10和Mac OS下通过测试。

关于docker的安装，可参考：在Ubuntu17.10上安装Docker

或者参考官网文档都非常简单。

--------------------------------在Windows10下的操作 start-----------------------------

在STS中创建Spring Starter Project

工程创建后的文件结构：

加入Controller以实现web端调用

package com.cloudlearning;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@SpringBootApplication //Spring boot startup annotation 
@RestController //enable rest call capability
@RequestMapping(value="hello")//all rest call request will point to http://localhost:8080/hello in this class
public class SpringcloudhelloApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(SpringcloudhelloApplication.class, args);
	}
	
	//when we want to call this hello() method, we have to request http://localhost:8080/hello/{firstName}/{lastName}
	//firstName & lastName are the parameters in the URI via GET request method
	//also can use @GetMapping(value="/{firstName}/{lastName}") instead of @RequestMapping
	//when you look into @GetMapping, you will find @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET) when defining
	//That's why @GetMapping can omit the parameter of "method = RequestMethod.GET"
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/{firstName}/{lastName}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String hello( @PathVariable("firstName") String firstName,
                         @PathVariable("lastName") String lastName) {

		//define a Json format string as return value
        return String.format("{\"message\":\"Hello %s %s\"}", firstName, lastName);
    }
}

在STS中运行SpringcloudhelloApplication -》 run as Application

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v2.0.1.RELEASE)

2018-04-16 15:31:42.371  INFO 8856 --- [           main] c.c.SpringcloudhelloApplication          : Starting SpringcloudhelloApplication on OG64OJN3S45ZZO2 with PID 8856 (C:\work\workspace_ibm_ms\springcloudhello\target\classes started by Administrator in C:\work\workspace_ibm_ms\springcloudhello)
2018-04-16 15:31:42.373  INFO 8856 --- [           main] c.c.SpringcloudhelloApplication          : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2018-04-16 15:31:42.429  INFO 8856 --- [           main] ConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext@2357d90a: startup date [Mon Apr 16 15:31:42 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
2018-04-16 15:31:43.367  INFO 8856 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2018-04-16 15:31:43.390  INFO 8856 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
2018-04-16 15:31:43.391  INFO 8856 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.29
2018-04-16 15:31:43.399  INFO 8856 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener   : The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: [C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.8.0_151\bin;C:\Windows\Sun\Java\bin;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:/Program Files/Java/jre1.8.0_151/bin/server;C:/Program Files/Java/jre1.8.0_151/bin;C:/Program Files/Java/jre1.8.0_151/lib/amd64;C:\Program Files\IBM\WebSphere MQ\java\lib;C:\Program Files\IBM\WebSphere MQ\java\lib64;C:\ProgramData\Oracle\Java\javapath;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\work\dev tools doc\apache-maven-3.5.2\bin;C:\work\dev tools doc\sqlplus_client_12_2;C:\work\dev tools doc\sqlplus_client_12_2\instantclient_12_2_sdk;C:\Windows\system32\wbem;C:\Program Files (x86)\IVT Corporation\BlueSoleil\Mobile;C:\Program Files\IBM\WebSphere MQ\bin64;C:\Program Files\IBM\WebSphere MQ\bin;C:\Program Files\IBM\WebSphere MQ\tools\c\samples\bin;C:\Program Files\IBM\Bluemix\bin;C:\Program Files (x86)\NVIDIA Corporation\PhysX\Common;C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps;;C:\Program Files (x86)\SSH Communications Security\SSH Secure Shell;C:\work\dev tools doc\spring-tool-suite-3.9.1.RELEASE-e4.7.1a-win32-x86_64\sts-bundle\sts-3.9.1.RELEASE;;.]
2018-04-16 15:31:43.486  INFO 8856 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2018-04-16 15:31:43.486  INFO 8856 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1059 ms
2018-04-16 15:31:43.606  INFO 8856 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean  : Servlet dispatcherServlet mapped to [/]
2018-04-16 15:31:43.609  INFO 8856 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*]
2018-04-16 15:31:43.609  INFO 8856 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*]
2018-04-16 15:31:43.609  INFO 8856 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'httpPutFormContentFilter' to: [/*]
2018-04-16 15:31:43.609  INFO 8856 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'requestContextFilter' to: [/*]
2018-04-16 15:31:43.720  INFO 8856 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-04-16 15:31:43.912  INFO 8856 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext@2357d90a: startup date [Mon Apr 16 15:31:42 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
2018-04-16 15:31:43.974  INFO 8856 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/hello/{firstName}/{lastName}],methods=[GET]}" onto public java.lang.String com.cloudlearning.SpringcloudhelloApplication.hello(java.lang.String,java.lang.String)
2018-04-16 15:31:43.976  INFO 8856 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2018-04-16 15:31:43.977  INFO 8856 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
2018-04-16 15:31:43.993  INFO 8856 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-04-16 15:31:43.993  INFO 8856 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-04-16 15:31:44.124  INFO 8856 --- [           main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2018-04-16 15:31:44.162  INFO 8856 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''
2018-04-16 15:31:44.165  INFO 8856 --- [           main] c.c.SpringcloudhelloApplication          : Started SpringcloudhelloApplication in 2.054 seconds (JVM running for 2.41)
2018-04-16 15:31:55.096  INFO 8856 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2018-04-16 15:31:55.096  INFO 8856 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization started
2018-04-16 15:31:55.109  INFO 8856 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization completed in 13 ms

Tomcat started on port(s): 8080

服务端口默认为8080

浏览器访问后可以得到预期的结果：

以上就是一个简单的spring boot starter工程，实现了一个简单的

-------------------------------下面整合Maven和Docker插件生成docker镜像---------------------------------

这里用到的是Spotify提供的docker-maven-plugin，优点是能够和Maven整合直接生成镜像文件。

官方网址：https://github.com/spotify/docker-maven-plugin

此处是完整的pom.xml内容，下面有对plugin的详细讲解：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.cloudlearning</groupId>
	<artifactId>springcloud-01-hello</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>springcloud-01-hello</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<docker.image.name>springcloud-01/hello</docker.image.name>
		<docker.image.tag>${project.version}</docker.image.tag>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<!-- <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> 
			<scope>test</scope> </dependency> -->

	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
				<executions>
					<execution>
						<id>copy-resources</id>
						<!-- here the phase you need -->
						<phase>validate</phase>
						<goals>
							<goal>copy-resources</goal>
						</goals>
						<configuration>
							<outputDirectory>${basedir}/target/dockerfile</outputDirectory>
							<resources>
								<resource>
									<directory>src/main/docker</directory>
									<filtering>true</filtering>
								</resource>
							</resources>
						</configuration>
					</execution>
				</executions>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>com.spotify</groupId>
				<artifactId>docker-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>0.4.10</version>
				<configuration>
					<imageName>${docker.image.name}:${docker.image.tag}</imageName>
					<dockerDirectory>${basedir}/target/dockerfile</dockerDirectory>
					<resources>
						<resource>
							<targetPath>/</targetPath>
							<directory>${project.build.directory}</directory>
							<include>${project.build.finalName}.jar</include>
						</resource>
					</resources>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>


</project>

详细讲解各个plugin的作用:

<docker.image.name>springcloud-01/hello</docker.image.name>

docker image的名字，docker build后，可以同过docker images 查看

<docker.image.tag>${project.version}</docker.image.tag>

docker image 的 tag，也可以认为是版本，docker build后，可以同过docker images 查看

<plugin>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>

spring-boot-maven-plugin能够将Spring Boot应用打包为可执行的jar或war文件

<plugin>
	<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
	<executions>
		<execution>
			<id>copy-resources</id>
			<!-- here the phase you need -->
			<phase>validate</phase>
			<goals>
				<goal>copy-resources</goal>
			</goals>
			<configuration>
				<outputDirectory>${basedir}/target/dockerfile</outputDirectory>
				<resources>
					<resource>
						<directory>src/main/docker</directory>
						<filtering>true</filtering>
					</resource>
				</resources>
			</configuration>
		</execution>
	</executions>
</plugin>

maven-resources-plugin是处理静态的资源文件的，在这个例子中，是把src/main/docker路径下的文件copy到${basedir}/target/dockerfile路径下

<resources>
	<resource>
		<directory>src/main/docker</directory>
		<filtering>true</filtering>
	</resource>
</resources>

maven 默认的资源路径是src/main/resources，所以需要使用resource指定我们的路径src/main/docker

filtering=true的作用是将dockerfile中的变量“@project.build.finalName@”替换成实际的jar文件名“springcloud-01-hello-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT”，“project.build.finalName”是maven的内置属性变量，它的值是“${artifaceId}-${version}”。

<artifactId>springcloud-01-hello</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

所以：@project.build.finalName@ = ${artifaceId}-${version} = springcloud-01-hello-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT

<goal>copy-resources</goal>

copy-resources是maven resources插件中3个goal其中的一个，作用是将resources 路径下的文件copy到output directory路径下面：

<phase>validate</phase>

它的含义是copy resouces这步操作是在Maven生命周期的validate阶段执行，也就是第一阶段执行，关于maven生命周期的详细资料可参考maven官方文档：http://maven.apache.org/guides/introduction/introduction-to-the-lifecycle.html

<plugin>
	<groupId>com.spotify</groupId>
	<artifactId>docker-maven-plugin</artifactId>
	<version>0.4.10</version>
	<configuration>
		<imageName>${docker.image.name}:${docker.image.tag}</imageName>
		<dockerDirectory>${basedir}/target/dockerfile</dockerDirectory>
		<resources>
			<resource>
				<targetPath>/</targetPath>
				<directory>${project.build.directory}</directory>
				<include>${project.build.finalName}.jar</include>
			</resource>
		</resources>
	</configuration>
</plugin>

如果上面的都看明白了，那么再这个插件就简单了。

imageName就是之后生成的镜像名字

dockerDirectory是指定docker生成镜像是使用的dockerfile，其中定义了生成镜像时要执行的步骤和内容

resource还是一样，就是copy资源文件

targetPath是目标路径，就是docker server的根目录“/”

directory是工程的资源路径，可以理解为源路径

include是我们打包生成的springcloud-01-hello-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar

那么当这个docker-maven-plugin插件执行完成后，它将会在docker 本地库里面创建一个名为springcloud-01-hello：0.0.1-SNAPSHOT的镜像。

------------------------------dockerfile--------------------------------

下面是原始的，我们自己编写的dockerfile

FROM openjdk:8-jre-alpine
MAINTAINER Michael Zhang <michaelehome@csdn.net>
RUN mkdir -p /home/michael01/springcloudroot/
ADD @project.build.finalName@.jar /home/michael01/springcloudroot/
ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/java", "-jar", "/home/michael01/springcloudroot/@project.build.finalName@.jar"]

From是必须要有的，而且必须在第一行，指定运行的基础镜像，可以理解为运行在什么系统上，alpine是一个linux系统非常的小

openjdk:8-jre-alpine

我们的基础镜像就是从docker的中央仓库pull一个安装了openjdk的alpine操作系统

MAINTAINER

这是作者的名字，可有可无，但是对于production生产环境来说还是需要的，以备之后运维时使用。

RUN mkdir -p /home/michael01/springcloudroot/

在docker镜像内的基础镜像，也就是alpine OS上创建目录

ADD @project.build.finalName@.jar /home/michael01/springcloudroot/

将jar加入到镜像的这个路径下

ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/java", "-jar", "/home/michael01/springcloudroot/@project.build.finalName@.jar"]

镜像在启动时（docker run <镜像id |或者| 镜像名>）使用的命令，其实就是运行一个可执行的jar包，EntryPoint和CMD都是在镜像的启动命令，而且只能在dockerfile中执行一次，如果有多个的话，只执行最后一个，其他的全部忽略。

好了，在windows 10上的操作就结束了，下面是在linux上的操作了

--------------------------------在Windows10下的操作 end-----------------------------

--------------------------------在linux下的操作 start-----------------------------

由于代码都上传到了github上，所以我们第一步是下载工程代码。

git clone https://github.com/michaelzhanghe/springcloud-01-hello

然后在springcloud-01-hello路径下执行:

docker clean package docker:build

michael01@michael01-ubuntu01:~/springcloudroot/springcloud-01-hello$ mvn clean package docker:build
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
[INFO] ---------------< com.cloudlearning:springcloud-01-hello >---------------
[INFO] Building springcloud-01-hello 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:3.0.0:clean (default-clean) @ springcloud-01-hello ---
[INFO] Deleting /home/michael01/springcloudroot/springcloud-01-hello/target
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.0.1:copy-resources (copy-resources) @ springcloud-01-hello ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 1 resource
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.0.1:resources (default-resources) @ springcloud-01-hello ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 1 resource
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.7.0:compile (default-compile) @ springcloud-01-hello ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to /home/michael01/springcloudroot/springcloud-01-hello/target/classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.0.1:testResources (default-testResources) @ springcloud-01-hello ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /home/michael01/springcloudroot/springcloud-01-hello/src/test/resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.7.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ springcloud-01-hello ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to /home/michael01/springcloudroot/springcloud-01-hello/target/test-classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.21.0:test (default-test) @ springcloud-01-hello ---
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.0.2:jar (default-jar) @ springcloud-01-hello ---
[INFO] Building jar: /home/michael01/springcloudroot/springcloud-01-hello/target/springcloud-01-hello-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.0.1.RELEASE:repackage (default) @ springcloud-01-hello ---
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- docker-maven-plugin:0.4.10:build (default-cli) @ springcloud-01-hello ---
[INFO] Copying /home/michael01/springcloudroot/springcloud-01-hello/target/springcloud-01-hello-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar -> /home/michael01/springcloudroot/springcloud-01-hello/target/docker/springcloud-01-hello-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Copying /home/michael01/springcloudroot/springcloud-01-hello/target/dockerfile/Dockerfile -> /home/michael01/springcloudroot/springcloud-01-hello/target/docker/Dockerfile
[INFO] Building image springcloud-01/hello:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
Step 1/6 : FROM openjdk:8-jre-alpine

 ---> b1bd879ca9b3
Step 2/6 : MAINTAINER Michael Zhang <michaelehome@csdn.net>

 ---> Using cache
 ---> 7e6bb6ed2380
Step 3/6 : RUN  apk update && apk upgrade && apk add netcat-openbsd

 ---> Using cache
 ---> f2045850aeb3
Step 4/6 : RUN mkdir -p /home/michael01/springcloudroot/

 ---> Using cache
 ---> cc72e0bbb89e
Step 5/6 : ADD springcloud-01-hello-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar /home/michael01/springcloudroot/

 ---> dd0f02316b88
Step 6/6 : ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/java", "-jar", "/home/michael01/springcloudroot/springcloud-01-hello-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar"]

 ---> Running in 56a9122f2525
Removing intermediate container 56a9122f2525
 ---> a524d56e3fd4
ProgressMessage{id=null, status=null, stream=null, error=null, progress=null, progressDetail=null}
Successfully built a524d56e3fd4
Successfully tagged springcloud-01/hello:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] Built springcloud-01/hello:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 12.055 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2018-04-16T22:07:54+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
michael01@michael01-ubuntu01:~/springcloudroot/springcloud-01-hello$

如果成功的话，执行docker images命令，就可以看到我们镜像了

michael01@michael01-ubuntu01:~$ docker images | grep -E "REPOS|hello"
REPOSITORY                          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
springcloud-01/hello                0.0.1-SNAPSHOT      a524d56e3fd4        2 hours ago         101MB

通过imageid启动镜像，注意必须加上-p参数，第一个8080是对外的端口，也就是我们要访问的端口，第二个是docker镜像里面tomcat的web端口。

michael01@michael01-ubuntu01:~$ docker run -p 8080:8080 a524d56e3fd4

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v2.0.1.RELEASE)

2018-04-16 16:23:46.243  INFO 1 --- [           main] c.c.SpringcloudhelloApplication          : Starting SpringcloudhelloApplication v0.0.1-SNAPSHOT on c58921fd8cba with PID 1 (/home/michael01/springcloudroot/springcloud-01-hello-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar started by root in /)
2018-04-16 16:23:46.264  INFO 1 --- [           main] c.c.SpringcloudhelloApplication          : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2018-04-16 16:23:46.506  INFO 1 --- [           main] ConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext@4c3e4790: startup date [Mon Apr 16 16:23:46 GMT 2018]; root of context hierarchy
2018-04-16 16:23:49.618  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2018-04-16 16:23:49.718  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
2018-04-16 16:23:49.720  INFO 1 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.29
2018-04-16 16:23:49.756  INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener   : The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: [/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8-openjdk/jre/lib/amd64/server:/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8-openjdk/jre/lib/amd64:/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8-openjdk/jre/../lib/amd64:/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib]
2018-04-16 16:23:49.926  INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2018-04-16 16:23:49.931  INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 3449 ms
2018-04-16 16:23:50.188  INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean  : Servlet dispatcherServlet mapped to [/]
2018-04-16 16:23:50.194  INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*]
2018-04-16 16:23:50.200  INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*]
2018-04-16 16:23:50.201  INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'httpPutFormContentFilter' to: [/*]
2018-04-16 16:23:50.202  INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'requestContextFilter' to: [/*]
2018-04-16 16:23:50.470  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-04-16 16:23:51.000  INFO 1 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext@4c3e4790: startup date [Mon Apr 16 16:23:46 GMT 2018]; root of context hierarchy
2018-04-16 16:23:51.161  INFO 1 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/hello/{firstName}/{lastName}],methods=[GET]}" onto public java.lang.String com.cloudlearning.SpringcloudhelloApplication.hello(java.lang.String,java.lang.String)
2018-04-16 16:23:51.173  INFO 1 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
2018-04-16 16:23:51.174  INFO 1 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2018-04-16 16:23:51.236  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-04-16 16:23:51.237  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-04-16 16:23:51.592  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2018-04-16 16:23:51.710  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''
2018-04-16 16:23:51.721  INFO 1 --- [           main] c.c.SpringcloudhelloApplication          : Started SpringcloudhelloApplication in 6.691 seconds (JVM running for 7.821)

开启另一个ssh终端通过curl验证，结果正确返回：

michael01@michael01-ubuntu01:~$ curl http://localhost:8080/hello/michael/zhang
{"message":"Hello michael zhang"}

此时可以通过docker ps命令查看docker容器的状态如下：

michael01@michael01-ubuntu01:~$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
c58921fd8cba        a524d56e3fd4        "/usr/bin/java -jar …"   3 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes        0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp   musing_torvalds

关闭容器的命令是docker stop 容器id

michael01@michael01-ubuntu01:~$ docker stop c58921fd8cba
c58921fd8cba

再次执行docker ps，刚刚的容器已经没有了，表示当前没有正在运行的容器了

michael01@michael01-ubuntu01:~$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES

要查看容器的历史情况的话，可以执行：

michael01@michael01-ubuntu01:~$ docker ps -a | grep a524d56e3fd4
c58921fd8cba        a524d56e3fd4                                 "/usr/bin/java -jar …"   8 minutes ago       Exited (143) 3 minutes ago                        musing_torvalds
8acf93aa0cad        a524d56e3fd4                                 "/usr/bin/java -jar …"   8 minutes ago       Exited (130) 8 minutes ago                        blissful_kare
bc9aac7bfbd6        a524d56e3fd4                                 "/usr/bin/java -jar …"   2 hours ago         Exited (130) 15 minutes ago                       boring_keller
8d74c9290c25        a524d56e3fd4                                 "/usr/bin/java -jar …"   2 hours ago         Exited (143) 2 hours ago                          silly_kare

a524d56e3fd4是我们的镜像id

--------------------------------在linux下的操作 end-----------------------------

提醒：

我在配置环境的时候，由于使用了root来安装jdk，和用root解压缩的maven，所以用root从git上pull代码，导致了没有权限maven build，因为mvn命令不能sudo，因为mvn是staff用户，所以没有权限访问root下来的代码，并且无法创建target。

michael01@michael01-ubuntu01:~$ which mvn
/opt/soft/apache-maven-3.5.3/bin/mvn
michael01@michael01-ubuntu01:~$ ls -l /opt/soft/apache-maven-3.5.3/bin/mvn
-rwxrwxrwx 1 501 staff 5741 2月  25 03:46 /opt/soft/apache-maven-3.5.3/bin/mvn
michael01@michael01-ubuntu01:~$ sudo mvn -v
[sudo] password for michael01: 
The JAVA_HOME environment variable is not defined correctly
This environment variable is needed to run this program
NB: JAVA_HOME should point to a JDK not a JRE
michael01@michael01-ubuntu01:~$ mvn -v
Apache Maven 3.5.3 (3383c37e1f9e9b3bc3df5050c29c8aff9f295297; 2018-02-25T03:49:05+08:00)
Maven home: /opt/soft/apache-maven-3.5.3
Java version: 1.8.0_162, vendor: Oracle Corporation
Java home: /opt/soft/java/jdk1.8.0_162/jre
Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "linux", version: "4.13.0-38-generic", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"