Linux内核配置

下面是针对2.6核以前的linux，现在2.6核已经改用kbuild了，但下面的内容仍然有很多参考价值。

Linux内核的配置系统由三个部分组成，分别是：

1. Makefile：分布在 Linux 内核源代码中的 Makefile，定义 Linux 内核的编译规则；
2. 配置文件（config.in）：给用户提供配置选择的功能；
3. 配置工具：包括配置命令解释器（对配置脚本中使用的配置命令进行解释）和配置用户界面（提供基于字符界面、基于 Ncurses 图形界面以及基于 Xwindows 图形界面的用户配置界面，各自对应于 Make config、Make menuconfig 和 make xconfig）。

Alternate configuration commands are:
"make config"      Plain text interface.
"make menuconfig" Text based color menus, radiolists & dialogs.
"make xconfig"     X windows (Qt) based configuration tool.
"make gconfig"     X windows (Gtk) based configuration tool.
"make oldconfig"   Default all questions based on the contents of
      your existing ./.config file and asking about
      new config symbols.
"make silentoldconfig"
      Like above, but avoids cluttering the screen
      with questions already answered.
"make defconfig"   Create a ./.config file by using the default
      symbol values from arch/$ARCH/defconfig.
"make allyesconfig"
      Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
      values to 'y' as much as possible.
"make allmodconfig"
      Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
      values to 'm' as much as possible.
"make allnoconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
      values to 'n' as much as possible.
"make randconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
      values to random values.

Linux内核配置系统浅析 http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/kernel/l-kerconf/index.html