查找适用于matplotlib的中文字体名称与实际文件名对应关系的方法

问题来源

如何在matplotlib中使用中文字体是老问题了,相关文章非常多。
前几天有人问我如何知道中文字体名称和实际文件的对应关系时,才想起来原来没思考过这个问题,只能让他记住字体与文件的对应关系或者去fonts目录查看。
难道真的就没有稍微自动化、智能化的查看支持matplotlib的字体名称与文件的对应关系的方法?

问题解决步骤

matplotlib与字体相关的模块是font_manager,观察源码font_manager.py可知:

1. matplotlib支持哪种类型的字体?

def get_fontext_synonyms(fontext):
    """
    Return a list of file extensions extensions that are synonyms for
    the given file extension *fileext*.
    """
    return {
        'afm': ['afm'],
        'otf': ['otf', 'ttc', 'ttf'],
        'ttc': ['otf', 'ttc', 'ttf'],
        'ttf': ['otf', 'ttc', 'ttf'],
    }[fontext]

由此可知matplotlib只支持ttfafm字体。

  • ‘ttf’: TrueType and OpenType fonts (.ttf, .ttc, .otf)
  • ‘afm’: Adobe Font Metrics (.afm)

2. matplotlib如何查找系统字体?

findSystemFonts模块函数的作用是查找系统字体。
def findSystemFonts(fontpaths=None, fontext='ttf'): -->list
参数fontext默认值为'ttf',另外还支持值'afm'
参数fontpaths默认值是None
对于fontpaths有两种种情况。

fontpathsNone

函数会判断操作系统,如果是Windows,调用函数win32InstalledFonts,如果不是Windows,调用函数get_fontconfig_fonts

对于Windows,函数win32InstalledFonts到以下路径查找。


# OS Font paths
MSFolders = \
    r'Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Shell Folders'
MSFontDirectories = [
    r'SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Fonts',
    r'SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Fonts']
MSUserFontDirectories = [
    str(Path.home() / 'AppData/Local/Microsoft/Windows/Fonts'),
    str(Path.home() / 'AppData/Roaming/Microsoft/Windows/Fonts'),
]

对于非Windows操作系统,函数get_fontconfig_fonts主要依托fontconfig包(即fc-list命令)查找字体,要求fontconfig>=2.7

fontpaths不为None

fontpaths不为None时,通过list_fonts()函数查找字体。
list_fonts()函数其实一个通用的按路径、扩展名递归遍历文件路径的函数。

def list_fonts(directory, extensions):
    """
    Return a list of all fonts matching any of the extensions, found
    recursively under the directory.
    """
    extensions = ["." + ext for ext in extensions]
    return [os.path.join(dirpath, filename)
            # os.walk ignores access errors, unlike Path.glob.
            for dirpath, _, filenames in os.walk(directory)
            for filename in filenames
            if Path(filename).suffix.lower() in extensions]

3.matplotlib如何查找matplotlib自带字体?

安装matplotlib时,会在site-packages\matplotlib\mpl-data\fonts目录放置一系列字体。

通过源码可知fonts目录下有'ttf', 'afm', 'pdfcorefonts'3个子目录。

paths = [cbook._get_data_path('fonts', subdir)
                 for subdir in ['ttf', 'afm', 'pdfcorefonts']]
In [1]: import matplotlib.cbook as cbook
In [2]: paths = [cbook._get_data_path('fonts', subdir)   for subdir in ['ttf', 'afm', 'pdfcorefonts']]
In [3]: paths
Out[4]:
[WindowsPath('c:/users/administrator/appdata/local/programs/python/python37/lib/site-packages/matplotlib/mpl-data/fonts/ttf'),
 WindowsPath('c:/users/administrator/appdata/local/programs/python/python37/lib/site-packages/matplotlib/mpl-data/fonts/afm'),
 WindowsPath('c:/users/administrator/appdata/local/programs/python/python37/lib/site-packages/matplotlib/mpl-data/fonts/pdfcorefonts')]

4.matplotlib如何生成字体列表?

FontManager类是matplotlib管理字体的重要类,是一个单例类。FontManager实例在构造后会创建一个ttf字体列表和一个afm字体列表,并会缓存他们的字体属性。
下面简单看看ttflistafmlist列表的元素的属性。

In [1]: import matplotlib.font_manager as mf
In [2]: ttflist=mf.FontManager().ttflist
In [3]: vars(ttflist[0])
Out[3]:
{'fname': 'c:\\users\\administrator\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python37\\lib\\site-packages\\matplotlib\\mpl-data\\fonts\\ttf\\DejaVuSansMono-BoldOblique.ttf',
 'name': 'DejaVu Sans Mono',
 'style': 'oblique',
 'variant': 'normal',
 'weight': 700,
 'stretch': 'normal',
 'size': 'scalable'}
In [4]: len(ttflist)
Out[4]: 252
In [5]: afmlist=mf.FontManager().afmlist
In [6]: vars(afmlist[0])
Out[6]:
{'fname': 'c:\\users\\administrator\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python37\\lib\\site-packages\\matplotlib\\mpl-data\\fonts\\afm\\pagko8a.afm',
 'name': 'ITC Avant Garde Gothic',
 'style': 'italic',
 'variant': 'normal',
 'weight': 'book',
 'stretch': 'normal',
 'size': 'scalable'}
In [7]: len(afmlist)
Out[7]: 60

5.matplotlib的字体属性缓存在哪里?

前面了解到matplotlib会缓存字体属性那在什么位置呢?
根据源码可知,字体缓存的所在目录是.matplotlib,缓存文件是fontlist-v330.json(文件名与版本有关)。在某些老版本的matplotlib中字体缓存文件名是fontList.cache

_fmcache = os.path.join(
    mpl.get_cachedir(), 'fontlist-v{}.json'.format(FontManager.__version__))
In [1]: import matplotlib
In [2]: matplotlib.get_cachedir()
Out[2]: 'C:\\Users\\Administrator\\.matplotlib'

6. 怎么知道哪些字体是中文字体?

虽然在前面已经知道matplotlib会把系统字体和自带字体信息存放在ttflistafmlist中,但是在这些字体信息中也不容易确定哪些是中文字体。
通过资料查找有3种方法:

  • 查看Windows的fonts系统目录中显示的字体名称和文件名属性。这种方法效率太低!

  • 通过注册表项[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Fonts]查看字体名和字体文件名称映射。这种方法一些系统字体仍然看不到汉字名称。
    在这里插入图片描述

  • 根据第1种方法想到了去查字体文件的元数据,Python相关的库有两个:fonttools,作者是老爹Guido的弟弟Just van RossumTTFQuery,基于fonttools的TTF包,只能查看TTF文件而且最后更新日期是2012年。

TTFQery项目地址https://pypi.org/project/TTFQuery/
源码中有些小问题,源码不算复杂,直接修改。

import sys
from fontTools.ttLib import TTFont
from fontTools.ttLib.ttCollection import TTCollection

UNICODE_ENCODINGS = {0: 'Unicode 1.0 semantics',
                     1: 'Unicode 1.1 semantics',
                     2: 'Unicode 1.1 semantics',
                     3: 'Unicode 2.0 and onwards semantics, Unicode BMP only (cmap subtable formats 0, 4, 6).',
                     4: 'Unicode 2.0 and onwards semantics, Unicode full repertoire (cmap subtable formats 0, 4, 6, 10, 12).',
                     5: 'Unicode Variation Sequences (cmap subtable format 14).',
                     6: 'Unicode Variation Sequences (cmap subtable format 14).'}


WINDOWS_ENCODINGS = {0: 'Symbol',
                     1: 'Unicode BMP(UCS-2)',
                     2: 'ShiftJIS',
                     3: 'PRC',
                     4: 'Big5',
                     5: 'Wansung',
                     6: 'Johab',
                     7: 'Reserved',
                     8: 'Reserved',
                     9: 'Reserved',
                     10: 'Unicode UCS-4'}


WINDOWS_LANGUAGES = {1025: 'Arabic/Saudi Arabia',
                     1026: 'Bulgarian/Bulgaria',
                     1027: 'Catalan/Catalan',
                     1028: 'Chinese/Taiwan',
                     1029: 'Czech/Czech Republic',
                     1030: 'Danish/Denmark',
                     1031: 'German/Germany',
                     1032: 'Greek/Greece',
                     1033: 'English/United States',
                     1034: 'Spanish (Traditional Sort)/Spain',
                     1035: 'Finnish/Finland',
                     1036: 'French/France',
                     1037: 'Hebrew/Israel',
                     1038: 'Hungarian/Hungary',
                     1039: 'Icelandic/Iceland',
                     1040: 'Italian/Italy',
                     1041: 'Japanese/Japan',
                     1042: 'Korean/Korea',
                     1043: 'Dutch/Netherlands',
                     1044: 'Norwegian (Bokmal)/Norway',
                     1045: 'Polish/Poland',
                     1046: 'Portuguese/Brazil',
                     1047: 'Romansh/Switzerland',
                     1048: 'Romanian/Romania',
                     1049: 'Russian/Russia',
                     1050: 'Croatian/Croatia',
                     1051: 'Slovak/Slovakia',
                     1052: 'Albanian/Albania',
                     1053: 'Swedish/Sweden',
                     1054: 'Thai/Thailand',
                     1055: 'Turkish/Turkey',
                     1056: 'Urdu/Islamic Republic of Pakistan',
                     1057: 'Indonesian/Indonesia',
                     1058: 'Ukrainian/Ukraine',
                     1059: 'Belarusian/Belarus',
                     1060: 'Slovenian/Slovenia',
                     1061: 'Estonian/Estonia',
                     1062: 'Latvian/Latvia',
                     1063: 'Lithuanian/Lithuania',
                     1064: 'Tajik (Cyrillic)/Tajikistan',
                     1066: 'Vietnamese/Vietnam',
                     1067: 'Armenian/Armenia',
                     1068: 'Azeri (Latin)/Azerbaijan',
                     1069: 'Basque/Basque',
                     1070: 'Upper Sorbian/Germany',
                     1071: 'Macedonian (FYROM)/Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia',
                     1074: 'Setswana/South Africa',
                     1076: 'isiXhosa/South Africa',
                     1077: 'isiZulu/South Africa',
                     1078: 'Afrikaans/South Africa',
                     1079: 'Georgian/Georgia',
                     1080: 'Faroese/Faroe Islands',
                     1081: 'Hindi/India',
                     1082: 'Maltese/Malta',
                     1083: 'Sami (Northern)/Norway',
                     1086: 'Malay/Malaysia',
                     1087: 'Kazakh/Kazakhstan',
                     1088: 'Kyrgyz/Kyrgyzstan',
                     1089: 'Kiswahili/Kenya',
                     1090: 'Turkmen/Turkmenistan',
                     1091: 'Uzbek (Latin)/Uzbekistan',
                     1092: 'Tatar/Russia',
                     1093: 'Bengali/India',
                     1094: 'Punjabi/India',
                     1095: 'Gujarati/India',
                     1096: 'Odia (formerly Oriya)/India',
                     1097: 'Tamil/India',
                     1098: 'Telugu/India',
                     1099: 'Kannada/India',
                     1100: 'Malayalam/India',
                     1101: 'Assamese/India',
                     1102: 'Marathi/India',
                     1103: 'Sanskrit/India',
                     1104: 'Mongolian (Cyrillic)/Mongolia',
                     1105: 'Tibetan/PRC',
                     1106: 'Welsh/United Kingdom',
                     1107: 'Khmer/Cambodia',
                     1108: 'Lao/Lao P.D.R.',
                     1110: 'Galician/Galician',
                     1111: 'Konkani/India',
                     1114: 'Syriac/Syria',
                     1115: 'Sinhala/Sri Lanka',
                     1117: 'Inuktitut/Canada',
                     1118: 'Amharic/Ethiopia',
                     1121: 'Nepali/Nepal',
                     1122: 'Frisian/Netherlands',
                     1123: 'Pashto/Afghanistan',
                     1124: 'Filipino/Philippines',
                     1125: 'Divehi/Maldives',
                     1128: 'Hausa (Latin)/Nigeria',
                     1130: 'Yoruba/Nigeria',
                     1131: 'Quechua/Bolivia',
                     1132: 'Sesotho sa Leboa/South Africa',
                     1133: 'Bashkir/Russia',
                     1134: 'Luxembourgish/Luxembourg',
                     1135: 'Greenlandic/Greenland',
                     1136: 'Igbo/Nigeria',
                     1144: 'Yi/PRC',
                     1146: 'Mapudungun/Chile',
                     1148: 'Mohawk/Mohawk',
                     1150: 'Breton/France',
                     1152: 'Uighur/PRC',
                     1153: 'Maori/New Zealand',
                     1154: 'Occitan/France',
                     1155: 'Corsican/France',
                     1156: 'Alsatian/France',
                     1157: 'Yakut/Russia',
                     1158: "K'iche/Guatemala",
                     1159: 'Kinyarwanda/Rwanda',
                     1160: 'Wolof/Senegal',
                     1164: 'Dari/Afghanistan',
                     2049: 'Arabic/Iraq',
                     2052: "Chinese/People's Republic of China",
                     2055: 'German/Switzerland',
                     2057: 'English/United Kingdom',
                     2058: 'Spanish/Mexico',
                     2060: 'French/Belgium',
                     2064: 'Italian/Switzerland',
                     2067: 'Dutch/Belgium',
                     2068: 'Norwegian (Nynorsk)/Norway',
                     2070: 'Portuguese/Portugal',
                     2074: 'Serbian (Latin)/Serbia',
                     2077: 'Sweden/Finland',
                     2092: 'Azeri (Cyrillic)/Azerbaijan',
                     2094: 'Lower Sorbian/Germany',
                     2107: 'Sami (Northern)/Sweden',
                     2108: 'Irish/Ireland',
                     2110: 'Malay/Brunei Darussalam',
                     2115: 'Uzbek (Cyrillic)/Uzbekistan',
                     2117: 'Bengali/Bangladesh',
                     2128: "Mongolian (Traditional)/People's Republic of China",
                     2141: 'Inuktitut (Latin)/Canada',
                     2143: 'Tamazight (Latin)/Algeria',
                     2155: 'Quechua/Ecuador',
                     3073: 'Arabic/Egypt',
                     3076: 'Chinese/Hong Kong S.A.R.',
                     3079: 'German/Austria',
                     3081: 'English/Australia',
                     3082: 'Spanish (Modern Sort)/Spain',
                     3084: 'French/Canada',
                     3098: 'Serbian (Cyrillic)/Serbia',
                     3131: 'Sami (Northern)/Finland',
                     3179: 'Quechua/Peru',
                     4097: 'Arabic/Libya',
                     4100: 'Chinese/Singapore',
                     4103: 'German/Luxembourg',
                     4105: 'English/Canada',
                     4106: 'Spanish/Guatemala',
                     4108: 'French/Switzerland',
                     4122: 'Croatian (Latin)/Bosnia and Herzegovina',
                     4155: 'Sami (Lule)/Norway',
                     5121: 'Arabic/Algeria',
                     5124: 'Chinese/Macao S.A.R.',
                     5127: 'German/Liechtenstein',
                     5129: 'English/New Zealand',
                     5130: 'Spanish/Costa Rica',
                     5132: 'French/Luxembourg',
                     5146: 'Bosnian (Latin)/Bosnia and Herzegovina',
                     5179: 'Sami (Lule)/Sweden',
                     6145: 'Arabic/Morocco',
                     6153: 'English/Ireland',
                     6154: 'Spanish/Panama',
                     6156: 'French/Principality of Monaco',
                     6170: 'Serbian (Latin)/Bosnia and Herzegovina',
                     6203: 'Sami (Southern)/Norway',
                     7169: 'Arabic/Tunisia',
                     7177: 'English/South Africa',
                     7178: 'Spanish/Dominican Republic',
                     7194: 'Serbian (Cyrillic)/Bosnia and Herzegovina',
                     7227: 'Sami (Southern)/Sweden',
                     8193: 'Arabic/Oman',
                     8201: 'English/Jamaica',
                     8202: 'Spanish/Venezuela',
                     8218: 'Bosnian (Cyrillic)/Bosnia and Herzegovina',
                     8251: 'Sami (Skolt)/Finland',
                     9217: 'Arabic/Yemen',
                     9225: 'English/Caribbean',
                     9226: 'Spanish/Colombia',
                     9275: 'Sami (Inari)/Finland',
                     10241: 'Arabic/Syria',
                     10249: 'English/Belize',
                     10250: 'Spanish/Peru',
                     11265: 'Arabic/Jordan',
                     11273: 'English/Trinidad and Tobago',
                     11274: 'Spanish/Argentina',
                     12289: 'Arabic/Lebanon',
                     12297: 'English/Zimbabwe',
                     12298: 'Spanish/Ecuador',
                     13313: 'Arabic/Kuwait',
                     13321: 'English/Republic of the Philippines',
                     13322: 'Spanish/Chile',
                     14337: 'Arabic/U.A.E.',
                     14346: 'Spanish/Uruguay',
                     15361: 'Arabic/Bahrain',
                     15370: 'Spanish/Paraguay',
                     16385: 'Arabic/Qatar',
                     16393: 'English/India',
                     16394: 'Spanish/Bolivia',
                     17417: 'English/Malaysia',
                     17418: 'Spanish/El Salvador',
                     18441: 'English/Singapore',
                     18442: 'Spanish/Honduras',
                     19466: 'Spanish/Nicaragua',
                     20490: 'Spanish/Puerto Rico',
                     21514: 'Spanish/United States'}

MACINTOSH_ENCODINGS = {0: 'Roman',
                       1: 'Japanese',
                       2: 'Chinese',
                       3: 'Korean',
                       4: 'Arabic',
                       5: 'Hebrew',
                       6: 'Greek',
                       7: 'Russian',
                       8: 'RSymbol',
                       9: 'Devanagari',
                       10: 'Gurmukhi',
                       11: 'Gujarati',
                       12: 'Oriya',
                       13: 'Bengali',
                       14: 'Tamil',
                       15: 'Telugu',
                       16: 'Kannada',
                       17: 'Malayalam',
                       18: 'Sinhalese',
                       19: 'Burmese',
                       20: 'Khmer',
                       21: 'Thai',
                       22: 'Laotian',
                       23: 'Georgian',
                       24: 'Armenian',
                       25: 'Chinese',
                       26: 'Tibetan',
                       27: 'Mongolian',
                       28: 'Geez',
                       29: 'Slavic',
                       30: 'Vietnamese',
                       31: 'Sindhi',
                       32: 'Uninterpreted'}

MACINTOSH_LANGUAGES = {0: 'English',
                       1: 'French',
                       2: 'German',
                       3: 'Italian',
                       4: 'Dutch',
                       5: 'Swedish',
                       6: 'Spanish',
                       7: 'Danish',
                       8: 'Portuguese',
                       9: 'Norwegian',
                       10: 'Hebrew',
                       11: 'Japanese',
                       12: 'Arabic',
                       13: 'Finnish',
                       14: 'Inuktitut',
                       15: 'Icelandic',
                       16: 'Maltese',
                       17: 'Turkish',
                       18: 'Croatian',
                       19: 'Chinese (Traditional)',
                       20: 'Urdu',
                       21: 'Hindi',
                       22: 'Thai',
                       23: 'Korean',
                       24: 'Lithuanian',
                       25: 'Polish',
                       26: 'Hungarian',
                       27: 'Estonian',
                       28: 'Latvian',
                       29: 'Sami',
                       30: 'Faroese',
                       31: 'Farsi/Persian',
                       32: 'Russian',
                       33: 'Chinese (Simplified)',
                       34: 'Flemish',
                       35: 'Irish Gaelic',
                       36: 'Albanian',
                       37: 'Romanian',
                       38: 'Czech',
                       39: 'Slovak',
                       40: 'Slovenian',
                       41: 'Yiddish',
                       42: 'Serbian',
                       43: 'Macedonian',
                       44: 'Bulgarian',
                       45: 'Ukrainian',
                       46: 'Byelorussian',
                       47: 'Uzbek',
                       48: 'Kazakh',
                       49: 'Azerbaijani (Cyrillic script)',
                       50: 'Azerbaijani (Arabic script)',
                       51: 'Armenian',
                       52: 'Georgian',
                       53: 'Moldavian',
                       54: 'Kirghiz',
                       55: 'Tajiki',
                       56: 'Turkmen',
                       57: 'Mongolian (Mongolian script)',
                       58: 'Mongolian (Cyrillic script)',
                       59: 'Pashto',
                       60: 'Kurdish',
                       61: 'Kashmiri',
                       62: 'Sindhi',
                       63: 'Tibetan',
                       64: 'Nepali',
                       65: 'Sanskrit',
                       66: 'Marathi',
                       67: 'Bengali',
                       68: 'Assamese',
                       69: 'Gujarati',
                       70: 'Punjabi',
                       71: 'Oriya',
                       72: 'Malayalam',
                       73: 'Kannada',
                       74: 'Tamil',
                       75: 'Telugu',
                       76: 'Sinhalese',
                       77: 'Burmese',
                       78: 'Khmer',
                       79: 'Lao',
                       80: 'Vietnamese',
                       81: 'Indonesian',
                       82: 'Tagalong',
                       83: 'Malay (Roman script)',
                       84: 'Malay (Arabic script)',
                       85: 'Amharic',
                       86: 'Tigrinya',
                       87: 'Galla',
                       88: 'Somali',
                       89: 'Swahili',
                       90: 'Kinyarwanda/Ruanda',
                       91: 'Rundi',
                       92: 'Nyanja/Chewa',
                       93: 'Malagasy',
                       94: 'Esperanto',
                       128: 'Welsh',
                       129: 'Basque',
                       130: 'Catalan',
                       131: 'Latin',
                       132: 'Quenchua',
                       133: 'Guarani',
                       134: 'Aymara',
                       135: 'Tatar',
                       136: 'Uighur',
                       137: 'Dzongkha',
                       138: 'Javanese (Roman script)',
                       139: 'Sundanese (Roman script)',
                       140: 'Galician',
                       141: 'Afrikaans',
                       142: 'Breton',
                       144: 'Scottish Gaelic',
                       145: 'Manx Gaelic',
                       146: 'Irish Gaelic (with dot above)',
                       147: 'Tongan',
                       148: 'Greek (polytonic)',
                       149: 'Greenlandic',
                       150: 'Azerbaijani (Roman script)'}

ISO_IDS = {
    0: '7-bit ASCII',
    1: 'ISO 10646',
    2: 'ISO 8859-1'
}

CUSTOMS = {}


PLATFORMS = {0: {'name': 'Unicode',
                 'encodings': UNICODE_ENCODINGS,
                 'languages': UNICODE_ENCODINGS},
             1: {'name': 'Macintosh',
                 'encodings': MACINTOSH_ENCODINGS,
                 'languages': MACINTOSH_LANGUAGES},
             2: {'name': 'ISO [deprecated]',
                 'encodings': ISO_IDS,
                 'languages': ISO_IDS},
             3: {'name': 'Windows',
                 'encodings': WINDOWS_ENCODINGS,
                 'languages': WINDOWS_LANGUAGES},
             4: {'name': 'Custom',
                 'encodings': CUSTOMS,
                 'languages': CUSTOMS}}


NAME_TABLE = {0: 'Copyright Notice',
              1: 'Font Family',
              2: 'SubFamily',
              3: 'Unique Font Identifier',
              4: 'Full Font Name',
              5: 'Version',
              6: 'PostScript Name',
              7: 'Trademark',
              8: 'Manufacturer Name',
              9: 'Designer',
              10: 'Description',
              11: 'Vendor URL',
              12: 'Designer URL',
              13: 'License Description',
              14: 'License Info URL',
              15: 'Reserved',
              16: 'Typographic Family',
              17: 'Typographic SubFamily',
              18: 'Compatible Full',
              19: 'Sample Text',
              20: 'PostScript CID findfont name',
              21: 'WWS Family Name',
              22: 'WWS SubFamily Name',
              23: 'Light Background Pallete',
              24: 'Dark Background Pallete',
              25: 'Variations PostScript Name Prefix'}


ENCODINGS = {
    "Roman": 'latin_1'
}

def parse_meta(font):
    """The main meta parsing function. Thanks to Fonttools library."""
    data = {}
    for nti in font['name'].names:
        key = nti.nameID
        platform_data = PLATFORMS[nti.platformID]
        if platform_data['name'] == 'Custom':
            encoding = {'id': 0, 'value': 'Custom'}
            language = {'id': 0, 'value': 'Custom'}
        else:
            encoding = {'id': nti.platEncID,
                        'value': platform_data['encodings'].get(nti.platEncID, "Unknown")}
            language = {'id': nti.langID,
                        'value': platform_data['languages'].get(nti.langID, "Unknown")}
        name_str = nti.toStr()
        field = NAME_TABLE.get(nti.nameID, False)
        if not field:
            if 26 <= nti.nameID <= 255:
                field = 'Reserved [{}]'.format(nti.nameID)
            elif 256 <= nti.nameID:
                field = 'Font Specific[{}]'.format(nti.nameID)

        data[key] = {"field": field,
                    "value": name_str,
                    "encoding": encoding,
                    "language": language
        }
    return data

def get_font_name(data, language=None):
    language_name = data.get(4).get('language').get('value')
    font_full_name = data.get(4).get('value')

    if language is None:
        return font_full_name
    else:
        if language in language_name:
            return font_full_name
        

if __name__ == '__main__':
    from pathlib import Path
    import matplotlib.font_manager as fm
    
    ttflist=fm.FontManager().ttflist
    
    for f in ttflist:
        if Path(f.fname).suffix.lower()=='.ttf':
            # 输出字体元数据中语言包含有中文的TTF字体
            data = parse_meta(TTFont(f.fname))
            out_ttf = get_font_name(data,'Chinese')
            if out_ttf:
                print(f.fname,f.name,out_ttf)
        elif Path(f.fname).suffix.lower()=='.ttc':
            # 输出所有TTC字体中包含的字体名称信息
            ttc = TTCollection(f.fname)
            for ttf in ttc:
                ttc_data = parse_meta(ttf)
                out_ttc = get_font_name(ttc_data,'Chinese')
                if out_ttc:
                    print(f.fname,f.name,out_ttc)

ttc文件很特殊,它是多个ttf文件集合,常用字体宋体微软雅黑等在Windows10中都是ttc文件,而且奇怪的是很多语言信息不是中文的ttc字体也可以显示中文。

C:\Windows\Fonts\STHUPO.TTF STHupo 华文琥珀
C:\Windows\Fonts\mingliub.ttc MingLiU-ExtB 細明體-ExtB
C:\Windows\Fonts\mingliub.ttc MingLiU-ExtB 新細明體-ExtB
C:\Windows\Fonts\mingliub.ttc MingLiU-ExtB 細明體_HKSCS-ExtB
C:\Windows\Fonts\simkai.ttf KaiTi 楷体
C:\Windows\Fonts\STXIHEI.TTF STXihei 华文细黑
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Fonts\仿宋_GB2312.ttf FangSong_GB2312 仿宋_GB2312
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Fonts\楷体_GB2312.ttf KaiTi_GB2312 楷体_GB2312
C:\Windows\Fonts\STXINGKA.TTF STXingkai 华文行楷
C:\Windows\Fonts\STCAIYUN.TTF STCaiyun 华文彩云
C:\Windows\Fonts\simsun.ttc SimSun 宋体
C:\Windows\Fonts\simsun.ttc SimSun 新宋体
C:\Windows\Fonts\STKAITI.TTF STKaiti 华文楷体
C:\Windows\Fonts\msjhl.ttc Microsoft JhengHei 微軟正黑體 Light
C:\Windows\Fonts\msjhl.ttc Microsoft JhengHei Microsoft JhengHei UI Light
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Fonts\华文中宋.ttf STZhongsong 华文中宋
C:\Windows\Fonts\FZYTK.TTF FZYaoTi 方正姚体
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Fonts\方正卡通简体.ttf FZKaTong-M19S 方正卡通简体
C:\Windows\Fonts\simhei.ttf SimHei 黑体
C:\Windows\Fonts\方正粗黑宋简体.ttf FZCuHeiSongS-B-GB 方正粗黑宋简体
C:\Windows\Fonts\Deng.ttf DengXian 等线
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Fonts\FZXBSJW.TTF FZXiaoBiaoSong-B05S 方正小标宋简体
C:\Windows\Fonts\Dengl.ttf DengXian 等线 Light
C:\Windows\Fonts\msjh.ttc Microsoft JhengHei 微軟正黑體
C:\Windows\Fonts\msjh.ttc Microsoft JhengHei Microsoft JhengHei UI
C:\Windows\Fonts\msyh.ttc Microsoft YaHei 微软雅黑
C:\Windows\Fonts\msyh.ttc Microsoft YaHei Microsoft Yahei UI
C:\Windows\Fonts\STFANGSO.TTF STFangsong 华文仿宋
C:\Windows\Fonts\simfang.ttf FangSong 仿宋
C:\Windows\Fonts\SIMLI.TTF LiSu 隶书
C:\Windows\Fonts\SIMYOU.TTF YouYuan 幼圆
C:\Windows\Fonts\STLITI.TTF STLiti 华文隶书
C:\Windows\Fonts\Dengb.ttf DengXian 等线 Bold
C:\Windows\Fonts\msyhl.ttc Microsoft YaHei 微软雅黑 Light
C:\Windows\Fonts\msyhl.ttc Microsoft YaHei Microsoft YaHei UI Light
C:\Windows\Fonts\STSONG.TTF STSong 华文宋体
C:\Windows\Fonts\STXINWEI.TTF STXinwei 华文新魏
C:\Windows\Fonts\FZSTK.TTF FZShuTi 方正舒体

参考

https://matplotlib.org/api/font_manager_api.html
http://ttfquery.sourceforge.net/
https://fonttools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ttLib/index.html

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