Android基础入门教程——8.3.3 Paint API之—— MaskFilter(面具)

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-14 09:04:30 发布

mikejaps

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-14 09:04:30 发布

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欢迎大家访问我的博客http://blog.csdn.net/mikejaps，专注于android ios app 开发

本节引言：

在Android基础入门教程——8.3.1 三个绘图工具类详解的Paint方法中有这样一个方法：
setMaskFilter(MaskFilter maskfilter)：
设置MaskFilter，可以用不同的MaskFilter实现滤镜的效果，如滤化，立体等！
而我们一般不会直接去用这个MaskFilter，而是使用它的两个子类：
BlurMaskFilter：指定了一个模糊的样式和半径来处理Paint的边缘。
EmbossMaskFilter：指定了光源的方向和环境光强度来添加浮雕效果。
下面我们来写个例子来试验一下~！
官方API文档：BlurMaskFilter；EmbossMaskFilter；

1.BlurMaskFilter(模糊效果)

说什么滤镜立体，谁知道怎么样，示例见真知：

代码示例：

运行效果图：

实现代码：

这里我们创建一个自定义View，在里面完成绘制！

BlurMaskFilterView.java：

<code class="language-Java hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
 * Created by Jay on 2015/10/21 0021.
 */</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">BlurMaskFilterView</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">View</span>{</span>

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">BlurMaskFilterView</span>(Context context) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>(context);
    }

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">BlurMaskFilterView</span>(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>(context, attrs);
    }

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">BlurMaskFilterView</span>(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> defStyleAttr) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
    }

    <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onDraw</span>(Canvas canvas) {

        BlurMaskFilter bmf = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>;
        Paint paint=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Paint();
        paint.setAntiAlias(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>);          <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//抗锯齿</span>
        paint.setColor(Color.RED);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//画笔颜色</span>
        paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//画笔风格</span>
        paint.setTextSize(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">68</span>);             <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//绘制文字大小，单位px</span>
        paint.setStrokeWidth(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>);           <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//画笔粗细</span>

        bmf = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> BlurMaskFilter(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>f,BlurMaskFilter.Blur.NORMAL);
        paint.setMaskFilter(bmf);
        canvas.drawText(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"最喜欢看曹神日狗了~"</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>, paint);
        bmf = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> BlurMaskFilter(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>f,BlurMaskFilter.Blur.OUTER);
        paint.setMaskFilter(bmf);
        canvas.drawText(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"最喜欢看曹神日狗了~"</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">200</span>, paint);
        bmf = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> BlurMaskFilter(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>f,BlurMaskFilter.Blur.INNER);
        paint.setMaskFilter(bmf);
        canvas.drawText(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"最喜欢看曹神日狗了~"</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">300</span>, paint);
        bmf = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> BlurMaskFilter(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>f,BlurMaskFilter.Blur.SOLID);
        paint.setMaskFilter(bmf);
        canvas.drawText(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"最喜欢看曹神日狗了~"</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">400</span>, paint);

        setLayerType(View.LAYER_TYPE_SOFTWARE, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>);     <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//关闭硬件加速</span>
    }
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li></ul>

好的，从上面的代码示例，我们可以发现，我们使用这个BlurMaskFilter，无非是，
在构造方法中实例化：
BlurMaskFilter(10f,BlurMaskFilter.Blur.NORMAL);
我们可以控制的就是这两个参数：
第一个参数：指定模糊边缘的半径；
第二个参数：指定模糊的风格，可选值有：
BlurMaskFilter.Blur.NORMAL：内外模糊
BlurMaskFilter.Blur.OUTER：外部模糊
BlurMaskFilter.Blur.INNER：内部模糊
BlurMaskFilter.Blur.SOLID：内部加粗，外部模糊

可能还是有点不清晰，我们找个图片来试试：

这里我们把模糊半径修改成了50，就更加明显了~

2.EmbossMaskFilter(浮雕效果)

如题，通过指定环境光源的方向和环境光强度来添加浮雕效果，同样，我们写个示例来看看效果：

代码示例：

运行效果图：

实现代码：

<code class="language-Java hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
 * Created by Jay on 2015/10/22 0022.
 */</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">EmbossMaskFilterView</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">View</span>{</span>

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">EmbossMaskFilterView</span>(Context context) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>(context);
    }

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">EmbossMaskFilterView</span>(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>(context, attrs);
    }

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">EmbossMaskFilterView</span>(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> defStyleAttr) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
    }

    <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onDraw</span>(Canvas canvas) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">float</span>[] direction = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">float</span>[]{ <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span> };   <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设置光源的方向</span>
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">float</span> light = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.4</span>f;     <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//设置环境光亮度</span>
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">float</span> specular = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>;     <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 定义镜面反射系数</span>
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">float</span> blur = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3.0</span>f;      <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//模糊半径</span>
        EmbossMaskFilter emboss=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> EmbossMaskFilter(direction,light,specular,blur);

        Paint paint = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Paint();
        paint.setAntiAlias(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>);          <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//抗锯齿</span>
        paint.setColor(Color.BLUE);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//画笔颜色</span>
        paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//画笔风格</span>
        paint.setTextSize(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">70</span>);             <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//绘制文字大小，单位px</span>
        paint.setStrokeWidth(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>);           <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//画笔粗细</span>
        paint.setMaskFilter(emboss);

        paint.setMaskFilter(emboss);
        canvas.drawText(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"最喜欢看曹神日狗了~"</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>, paint);


        Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.mipmap.ic_bg_meizi1);
        canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">150</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">200</span>, paint);

        setLayerType(View.LAYER_TYPE_SOFTWARE, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>);     <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//关闭硬件加速</span>
    }
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li></ul>

从效果图我们就可以看出一些EmbossMaskFilter的效果，修改光线，形成浮雕效果~妹子图不明显，
文字就很清晰显示出纹路了！和BlurMaskFilter一样，相关的设置都是在构造方法中进行！
EmbossMaskFilter(float[] direction, float ambient, float specular, float blurRadius)
参数依次是：
direction：浮点型数组，用于控制x,y,z轴的光源方向
ambient：设置环境光亮度，0到1之间
specular：镜面反射系数
blurRadius：模糊半径
你可以修改这些值，试试不同的效果，比如我修改下上述的，又会是另一种效果：
//这里为了明显点，换成了绿色

3.注意事项

在使用MaskFilter的时候要注意，当我们的targetSdkVersion >= 14的时候，MaskFilter
就不会起效果了，这是因为Android在API 14以上版本都是默认开启硬件加速的，这样充分
利用GPU的特性，使得绘画更加平滑，但是会多消耗一些内存！好吧，我们把硬件加速关了
就好，可以在不同级别下打开或者关闭硬件加速，一般是关闭~

Application：在配置文件的application节点添加：
android:hardwareAccelerated=”true”
Activity：在配置文件的activity节点添加
android:hardwareAccelerated=”false”
View：可以获得View对象后调用，或者直接在View的onDraw()方法里设置：
view.setLayerType(View.LAYER_TYPE_HARDWARE, null);

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Android基础入门教程——8.3.3 Paint API之—— MaskFilter(面具)

本节引言：在Android基础入门教程——8.3.1 三个绘图工具类详解的Paint方法中有这样一个方法： setMaskFilter(MaskFilter maskfilter)：设置MaskFilter，可以用不同的MaskFilter实现滤镜的效果，如滤化，立体等！而我们一般不会直接去用这个MaskFilter，而是使用它的两个子类： BlurMaskFilt
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