【PHP5权威指南】读书心得二——高级面向对象编程和设计模式

1、使用数组语法访问的重载——ArrayAccess(数组式访问)接口

ArrayAccess{
	/* 方法 */
	abstract public boolean offsetExists ( mixed $offset )
	abstract public mixed offsetGet ( mixed $offset )
	abstract public void offsetSet ( mixed $offset, mixed $value )
	abstract public void offsetUnset ( mixed $offset )
}

官方提供了以上接口，自己使用时需要实现

class MyClass implements ArrayAccess{
	static private $config;
	private $config_array;
	private function __construct(){
		$this->config_array = array(
			"mikercal" => "male"
		);
	}
	public static function instance(){
		if( self::$config == NULL ){
			self::$config = new MyClass();
		}
		return self::$config;
	}
	public function offsetExists($name){
		return isset($this->config_array[$name]);
	}
	public function offsetGet($name){
		return $this->config_array[$name];
	}
	public function offsetSet($name, $value){
		$this->config_array[$name] = $value;
	}
	public function offsetUnset($name){
		unset($this->config_array[$name]);
	}
}
$config = MyClass::instance();
echo $config["mikercal"];
$config["Tom"] = "male";
echo $config["Tom"];

2、迭代器

一个对象的属性可以用foreach()循环进行迭代循环

Iterator extends Traversable{
	/* 方法 */
	abstract public mixed current ( void )
	abstract public scalar key ( void )
	abstract public void next ( void )
	abstract public void rewind ( void )
	abstract public void boolean valid ( void )
}

官方提供了以上接口，自己使用时需要实现

class NumberSquare implements Iterator{

	private $cur,$start,$end;

	public function __construct($start, $end){
		$this->start = $start;
		$this->end = $end;
	}

	//重新把迭代器指向列表的开始处
	public function rewind(){
		$this->cur = $this->start;
	}
	//检查当前位置是否有效
	public function valid(){
		return $this->cur <= $this->end;
	}
	//返回当前元素的值
	public function current(){
		return pow($this->cur, 2);
	}
	//向下移动到下一个元素
	public function next(){
		$this->cur++;
	}
	//返回当前元素的键
	public function key(){
		return $this->cur;
	}
}
$num = new NumberSquare(2, 8);
foreach( $num as $key=>$value ){
	echo "The square of $key is $value<br>";
}

3、设计模式——单例模式

class Logger{
	static private $instance;
	
	static function instance(){
		if( self::$instance == NULL ){
			self::$instance = new Logger();
		}
		return self::$instance;
	}
	
	private function __construct(){	
	}
	
	private function __clone(){
	}
	
	public function Log($str){
		
	}
}

Logger::instance()->Log("backup");

设计模式——工厂模式

abstract class User{
	function __construct($name){
		$this->name = $name;
	}
	
	function getName(){
		return $this->name;
	}
	
	function hasReadPermission(){
		return true;
	}
	
	function hasModifyPermission(){
		return false;
	}
	
	function hasDeletePermission(){
		return false;
	}
	protected $name = NULL;
}

class GuestUser extends User{
}

class CustomUser extends User{
	function hasModifyPermission(){
		return true;
	}
}

class AdminUser extends User{
	function hasModifyPermission(){
		return true;
	}
	
	function hasDeletePermission(){
		return true;
	}
}

class UserFactory{
	private static $user = array(
		"Andi" => "admin",
		"mikercal" => "custom",
		"Tom" => "guest"	
	);
	
	static function Create($name){
		if( !isset(self::$user[$name]) ){
			echo "user doesn't exist";
			return false;
		}
		
		switch( self::$user[$name] ){
			case 'guest':
				return new GuestUser($name);
				break;
			case 'custom':
				return new CustomUser($name);
				break;
			case 'admin':
				return new AdminUser($name);
				break;
		}
	}
}

function boolToStr($bool){
	if( $bool == false ){
		return "No<br>";
	}else{
		return "Yes<br>";
	}
}

function displayPermission(User $obj){
	echo $obj->getName()."'s permission:<br>";
	echo "Read:".boolToStr( $obj->hasReadPermission() );
	echo "Modify:".boolToStr( $obj->hasModifyPermission() );
	echo "Delete:".boolToStr( $obj->hasDeletePermission() );
}

$login = array(  "Tom","mikercal","Andi");

foreach($login as $v){
	displayPermission(UserFactory::Create($v));
}

上述例子中，建立了一个基类User，三个子类GusetUser、CustomUser、AdminUser；使用UserFactory类来根据用户身份创建合适的用户对象
设计模式——观察者模式

class ExchangeRate{
	private $observer;
	private $exchage_rate;
	static public $instance;
	
	static public function instance(){
		if( self::$instance == NULL ){
			self::$instance = new ExchangeRate();
		}
		return self::$instance;
	}
	
	public function addObserver(Observer $obj){
		$this->observer[] = $obj;
	}
	
	public function setExchageRate($new_rate){
		$this->exchange_rate = $new_date;
		$this->notify();
	}
	
	public function notify(){
		foreach($this->observer as $obj){
			$obj->update($this);
		}
	}
} 

class Observer{
	private $observerName;
	
	public function __construct($observerName){
		$this->observerName = $observerName;
		ExchangeRate::instance()->addObserver($this);
	}
	public function update(ExchangeRate $obj){
		echo $this->observerName." update success!<br>";
	}
}

$p1 = new Observer("Tom");
$p2 = new Observer("Jerry");

ExchangeRate::instance()->setExchageRate(9.4);