小区切换:LTE, 3GPP, 36.331, 5.5.4, A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 事件,测量上报的触发

测量上报的触发条件有两种:(1)事件触发和(2)周期触发

一个处于RRC_CONNECTED状态的UE可以通过测量一个或者多个beam来得到小区测量的结果。
在使用和评估测量结果之前,UE可以使用层3的滤波器。层3滤波公式如下:

F n = ( 1 − a ) F n − 1 + a M n F_n=(1-a)F_{n-1}+aM_n Fn=(1a)Fn1+aMn

  • M n M_n Mn 是上一次物理层测量结果。
  • F n F_n Fn 是更新的滤波后的结果,它被用来评估测量标准。
  • F n − 1 F_{n-1} Fn1 是旧的滤波结果,当第一个测量结果被接收时, F 0 F_0 F0赋值给 M − 1 M-1 M1
  • a = 1 / 2 ( k / 4 ) a=1/2^{(k/4)} a=1/2(k/4), k 是滤波参数。 如果k为0,则层3的滤波无效。

**Table 1: ** reportConfig

reportStrongestCellsForSON考虑邻小区
reportCGI在测量对象中上报相应的CGI
reportLocation只考虑PCell
othersTable 1.1

**Table 1.1: ** measObject

E-UTRAue-RxTxTimeDiffPeriodical只考虑PCell
reportSSTD-Meas = true只考虑SPCell
eventA1 or eventA2只考虑服务小区 serving cell
eventC1 or eventC2 or reportStrongestCSI-RSs考虑CSI-RS资源
measRSSI-ReportConfigconsider the resource indicated by the rmtc-Config
tx-ResourcePoolToAddListtransmission resource pools
othersuseWhiteCellList is, …, alternativeTimeToTrigger
UTRA or CDMA2000
GERAN
WLAN
NRreportSFTD-Meas=pSCell只考虑SPCell
neighborCellscellsForWhichToReportSFTD or <=3 cells

**Table 2: ** triggerType

  • timeToTrigger defined for this event, entry condition applicable
  • timeToTrigger defined for this event, entry condition applicable, but not included in the cells TriggeredList
  • timeToTrigger defined for this event, leaving condition applicable

  • timeToTrigger defined for this event, entry condition applicable, CSI-RS resources for all measurements
  • timeToTrigger defined for this event, entry condition applicable, CSI-RS resources not included in the csi-RS-TriggeredList
  • timeToTrigger defined for this event, leaving condition applicable, CSI-RS resources included in the csi-RS-TriggeredList

  • timeToTrigger defined for this event, entry condition applicable, transmission resource pools for all measurements
  • timeToTrigger defined for this event, entry condition applicable, transmission resource pools not included in the poolsTriggeredList for all measurements
  • timeToTrigger defined for this event, leaving condition applicable, transmission resource pools included in the poolsTriggeredList

others: reportStrongestCells, reportStrongestCellsForSON, reportLocation or sidelink

####Event A1 (Serving becomes better than threshold)

Inequality A1-1 (Entering condition)
M s − H y s &gt; t h r e s h Ms-Hys&gt;thresh MsHys>thresh
Inequality A1-2 (Leaving condition)
$ Ms-Hys < thresh$

  • Ms is the measurement result of the serving cell, not taking into account any offsets.
  • Hys is the hysteresis parameter for this event (i.e. hysteresis as defined within reportConfigEUTRA for this event).
  • Thresh is the threshold parameter for this event (i.e. a1-Threshold as defined within reportConfigEUTRA for this event).
  • Ms is expressed in dBm in case of RSRP, or in dB in case of RSRQ and RS-SINR.
  • Hys is expressed in dB.
  • Thresh is expressed in the same unit as Ms.

####Event A2 (Serving becomes worse than threshold)
Inequality A2-1 (Entering condition)
M s + H y s &lt; t h r e s h Ms+Hys&lt;thresh Ms+Hys<thresh
Inequality A2-2 (Leaving condition)
$ Ms-Hys > thresh$

####Event A3 (Neighbour becomes offset better than PCell/ PSCell)
Inequality A3-1 (Entering condition)
M n + O f n + O c n − H y s &gt; M p + O f p + O c p + O f f Mn+Ofn+Ocn-Hys&gt;Mp+Ofp+Ocp+Off Mn+Ofn+OcnHys>Mp+Ofp+Ocp+Off
Inequality A3-2 (Leaving condition)
M n + O f n + O c n + H y s &gt; M p + O f p + O c p + O f f Mn+Ofn+Ocn+Hys&gt;Mp+Ofp+Ocp+Off Mn+Ofn+Ocn+Hys>Mp+Ofp+Ocp+Off

  • Mn is the measurement result of the neighbouring cell, not taking into account any offsets.
  • Ofn is the frequency specific offset of the frequency of the neighbour cell (i.e. offsetFreq as defined within measObjectEUTRA corresponding to the frequency of the neighbour cell).
  • Ocn is the cell specific offset of the neighbour cell (i.e. cellIndividualOffset as defined within measObjectEUTRA corresponding to the frequency of the neighbour cell), and set to zero if not configured for the neighbour cell.
  • Mp is the measurement result of the PCell/ PSCell, not taking into account any offsets.
  • Ofp is the frequency specific offset of the frequency of the PCell/ PSCell (i.e. offsetFreq as defined within measObjectEUTRA corresponding to the frequency of the PCell/ PSCell).
  • Ocp is the cell specific offset of the PCell/ PSCell (i.e. cellIndividualOffset as defined within measObjectEUTRA corresponding to the frequency of the PCell/ PSCell), and is set to zero if not configured for the PCell/ PSCell.
  • Hys is the hysteresis parameter for this event (i.e. hysteresis as defined within reportConfigEUTRA for this event).
  • Off is the offset parameter for this event (i.e. a3-Offset as defined within reportConfigEUTRA for this event).
  • Mn, Mp are expressed in dBm in case of RSRP, or in dB in case of RSRQ and RS-SINR.
  • Ofn, Ocn, Ofp, Ocp, Hys, Off are expressed in dB.

####Event A4 (Neighbour becomes better than threshold)

Inequality A4-1 (Entering condition)
M n + O f n + O c n − H y s &gt; T h r e s h Mn+Ofn+Ocn-Hys&gt;Thresh Mn+Ofn+OcnHys>Thresh
Inequality A4-2 (Leaving condition)

M n + O f n + O c n + H y s &gt; T h r e s h Mn+Ofn+Ocn+Hys&gt;Thresh Mn+Ofn+Ocn+Hys>Thresh

####Event A5 (PCell/ PSCell becomes worse than threshold1 and neighbour becomes better than threshold2)
Inequality A5-1 (Entering condition 1)
M p + H y s &lt; T h r e s h 1 Mp+Hys&lt;Thresh1 Mp+Hys<Thresh1
Inequality A5-2 (Entering condition 2)
M n + O f n + O c n − H y s &gt; T h r e s h 2 Mn+Ofn+Ocn-Hys&gt;Thresh2 Mn+Ofn+OcnHys>Thresh2
Inequality A5-3 (Leaving condition 1)
M p − H y s &gt; T h r e s h 1 Mp-Hys&gt;Thresh1 MpHys>Thresh1
Inequality A5-4 (Leaving condition 2)
M n + O f n + O c n + H y s &lt; T h r e s h 2 Mn+Ofn+Ocn+Hys&lt;Thresh2 Mn+Ofn+Ocn+Hys<Thresh2

  • Mp is the measurement result of the PCell/ PSCell, not taking into account any offsets.
  • Mn is the measurement result of the neighbouring cell, not taking into account any offsets.
  • Ofn is the frequency specific offset of the frequency of the neighbour cell (i.e. offsetFreq as defined within measObjectEUTRA corresponding to the frequency of the neighbour cell).
  • Ocn is the cell specific offset of the neighbour cell (i.e. cellIndividualOffset as defined within measObjectEUTRA corresponding to the frequency of the neighbour cell), and set to zero if not configured for the neighbour cell.
  • Hys is the hysteresis parameter for this event (i.e. hysteresis as defined within reportConfigEUTRA for this event).
  • Thresh1 is the threshold parameter for this event (i.e. a5-Threshold1 as defined within reportConfigEUTRA for this event).
  • Thresh2 is the threshold parameter for this event (i.e. a5-Threshold2 as defined within reportConfigEUTRA for this event).
  • Mn, Mp are expressed in dBm in case of RSRP, or in dB in case of RSRQ and RS-SINR.
  • Ofn, Ocn, Hys are expressed in dB.
  • Thresh1 is expressed in the same unit as Mp.
  • Thresh2 is expressed in the same unit as Mn.

####Event A6 (Neighbour becomes offset better than SCell)
Inequality A6-1 (Entering condition)
M n + O c n − H y s &gt; M s + O c p + O f f Mn+Ocn-Hys&gt;Ms+Ocp+Off Mn+OcnHys>Ms+Ocp+Off

Inequality A6-2 (Leaving condition)
M n + O c n + H y s &gt; M s + O c p + O f f Mn+Ocn+Hys&gt;Ms+Ocp+Off Mn+Ocn+Hys>Ms+Ocp+Off


####Event B1 (Inter RAT neighbour becomes better than threshold)
####Event B2 (PCell becomes worse than threshold1 and inter RAT neighbour becomes better than threshold2)


####Event C1 (CSI-RS resource becomes better than threshold)
####Event C2 (CSI-RS resource becomes offset better than reference CSI-RS resource)


####Event W1 (WLAN becomes better than a threshold)
####Event W2 (All WLAN inside WLAN mobility set becomes worse than threshold1 and a WLAN outside WLAN mobility set becomes better than threshold2)
####Event W3 (All WLAN inside WLAN mobility set becomes worse than a threshold)


####Event V1 (The channel busy ratio is above a threshold)
####Event V2 (The channel busy ratio is below a threshold)

### 关于3GPP Large Model Standards的理解 #### 什么是3GPP3GPP(Third Generation Partnership Project)是一个由全球多个电信标准化组织组成的国际合作项目,致力于制定和推广移动通信系统的国际标准。其主要目标是开发并维护基于GSM演进的技术规范,包括但不限于2G、3G、4G以及最新的5G技术。 #### 大型模型标准的概念 在当前的无线通信领域,“Large Model Standards”并不是一个正式术语,但在讨论中可以将其理解为一种针对复杂场景建模的标准框架或方法论。这种概念可能涉及以下几个方面: 1. **状态机模型的应用** 在研究RRC信令风暴时,状态机模型被广泛用于描述用户设备(UE)的行为模式[^1]。通过构建详细的有限状态自动机,网络能够更有效地识别异常行为,例如恶意UE攻击或其他非正常操作。这种方法不仅适用于传统的3G网络,在后续的4G LTE乃至5G NR架构下也具有重要意义。 2. **5G中的扩展应用** 随着第五代移动通信技术的发展,3GPP引入了许多新的特性来支持多样化服务需求[^2]。这些新特性的实现往往依赖复杂的协议栈设计与优化算法,而大型模型则提供了必要的理论基础和技术指导。例如,在NR(New Radio)接口的设计过程中,需要考虑海量连接、超低延迟等多种约束条件,这正是大规模仿真环境发挥作用的地方。 3. **行业合作的重要性** 值得注意的是,任何一项成功的通信技术背后都离不开广泛的产业协作。正如某位专家所指出那样,某些特定联盟已经成为推动技术创新的关键力量[^3]。它们的工作成果最终会被纳入到官方文档之中,形成统一认可的大规模解决方案集——即所谓的“large model standards”。 以下是利用Python模拟简单状态转移过程的一个例子: ```python class StateMachine: def __init__(self): self.state = &#39;idle&#39; def process_event(self, event): if self.state == &#39;idle&#39; and event == &#39;connect&#39;: self.state = &#39;connected&#39; print(&#39;Transitioned to connected state.&#39;) elif self.state == &#39;connected&#39; and event == &#39;disconnect&#39;: self.state = &#39;idle&#39; print(&#39;Returned to idle state.&#39;) else: print(f&#39;Ignored unknown or invalid event {event}.&#39;) # Example usage sm = StateMachine() sm.process_event(&#39;connect&#39;) # Transitioned to connected state. sm.process_event(&#39;disconnect&#39;) # Returned to idle state. ``` 此脚本展示了如何创建基本的状态转换逻辑,这对于理解和实施上述提到的各种高级功能至关重要。 #### 结论 综上所述,虽然严格意义上的“3GPP large model standards”尚未明确定义,但从现有文献可以看出,它涵盖了从底层物理层参数配置直到高层业务流程管理等多个层面的内容。随着未来几年内第六代甚至更高版本通讯体系结构的研发推进,这一话题预计还会继续深化发展。
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