指针(二)

指针算术运算

指针加法需要调整（加1:加一个单元格）,

                                  加一

int*p                           4字节

char*p                        1字节

short*p                       2字节

double*p                    8字节

调整的权重为指针去掉一个星号，然后求sizeof，如

int *p;p+1  加4字节= sizeof(int)

double *p;p+1 加8字节 = sizeof(double)

char **p;p+1 加4字节 = sizeof(char*)

指针加一个数字和减去一个数字都需要调整，调整的权重同上

指针+指针非法

指针-指针 表示间隔的单元个数。1、算出间隔的字节数（正负），2、除以调整的权重

int main()

{
int arr[10] = {0};    //x
int *p = &arr[1];   //x+4
int *q = &arr[9];  //x+36
printf("%d\n",p-q);    //-8
printf("%d\n",q-p);   //8
printf("%d\n",(char **)q-(char **)p);    //8
printf("%d\n",(short *)q-(short *)p);   //16
printf("%d\n",(double *)q-(double *)p);   //4
printf("%d\n",(char *)q-(char *)p) ;          //32
printf("%d\n",(long long)q-(long long)p);   //32
        return 0;
}


int main()
{
int *p = (int *)0x2010;
printf("%x\n",p-2);      //2008
printf("%x\n",(char***)p-2);   //2008
printf("%x\n",(float*)p-2);     //2008
printf("%x\n",(double **)p-2);        //2008
printf("%x\n",(long long *)p-2);     //2000
printf("%x\n",(char*)p-2);        //200e
printf("%x\n",(unsigned long)p-2);   //200e


return 0;
}
 
int main()
{
int *p = (int *)100;
printf("%d\n",p+4);     //116
printf("%d\n",(char *)p+4);   //104
printf("%d\n",(short *)p+4); //108
printf("%d\n",(unsigned long *)p+4);    //116
printf("%d\n",(long long)p+4);             //104
printf("%d\n",(char **)p+4);         //116
printf("%d\n",(int ****)p+4);        //116