Python素材下载爬虫，多线程rar下载爬虫

一个多线程素材下载爬虫，实现多线程素材下载，包含素材包rar，素材图及素材描述，应用了经典的生产者与消费者模式，不过数据没有下载全，容易出现卡死的问题，期待后期能够解决相关问题，可以算是一个半成品，供大家参考和学习，有更好的多线程解决方案也可以交流！

             

 

几个关键点：

1.素材图片的获取

素材图存在不少情况，无图，单图，多图等都有可能存在

xpath获取图片

imgs = req.xpath('//div[@class="contentinfo"]/table//@src')

条件判断，看是否存在图片

if imgs:

遍历获取图片

for img in imgs:

图片后缀的获取

suffix = os.path.splitext(img)[1]

 

2.是否能够下载，素材是否有下载权限

如果能够下载，获取到下载相关数据，下载路径链接以及素材包名，不能下载则返回为空

if int(req.xpath('//div[@class="download"]/dl[@class="downlink"]/dd[1]/b/text()')[0]) == 0:
   down_url = req.xpath('//div[@class="download"]/dl[@class="downlink"]/dt/li/a/@href')[0]
   down_name = f'{h2}/{h2}.rar'
   down_data=down_url, down_name
   print(down_data)


else:
   down_data=[]

 

3.队列的使用，老生常谈

队列只能传递一个参数！！！

data=text_data,img_data,down_data
self.down_queue.put(data)

 

4.一些能程序能够运行的设置

a.sleep操作延迟

time.sleep(1)

b.队列容器的设定

一般而言，往大了设置，哪个队列数据更多，则设置更多

page_queue = Queue(1000)
down_queue = Queue(2500)

 

运行效果：

             

 

采集效果：

             

 

素材效果：

             

附源码：

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-


import requests, os,time
from lxml import etree
from fake_useragent import UserAgent
import threading
from queue import Queue




# 生产者模式
class Procuder(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, page_queue, down_queue, *args, **kwargs):
        super(Procuder, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.page_queue = page_queue
        self.down_queue = down_queue
        self.ua = UserAgent()
        self.headers = {"User-Agent": self.ua.random}


    def run(self):
        while True:
            if self.page_queue.empty():
                break
            url = self.page_queue.get()
            self.parse(url)


    def parse(self, url):
        print(f'>>> 正在抓取列表页 {url} 数据...')
        response = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers, timeout=6).content.decode("gbk")
        time.sleep(1)
        req = etree.HTML(response)
        urllist = req.xpath('//dl[@class="imglist"]/dt/ul[@class="listimg"]/li/span[@class="listpic"]/a/@href')
        print(len(urllist))
        print(urllist)
        for href in urllist:
            try:
                self.parse_page(href)
            except Exception as e:
                print(f'获取详情数据失败，错误代码：{e}')


    def parse_page(self, url):
        print(f'>>> 正在抓取详情页 {url} 数据...')
        response = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers, timeout=6).content.decode("gbk")
        time.sleep(1)
        req = etree.HTML(response)
        h2 = req.xpath('//div[@class="arcinfo"]/h2/text()')[0]
        print(h2)
        article = req.xpath('//div[@class="contentinfo"]/table//text()')
        article = ''.join(article)
        article = article.strip()
        print(article)
        texts = f'{h2}\n{article}'
        text_data=h2,texts


        imgs = req.xpath('//div[@class="contentinfo"]/table//@src')
        if imgs:
            i = 1
            for img in imgs:
                img_url = f'http://www.uimaker.com{img}'
                suffix = os.path.splitext(img)[1]
                img_name = f'{i}{suffix}'
                img_data=img_url, img_name
                print(img_data)
                i = i + 1




        if int(req.xpath('//div[@class="download"]/dl[@class="downlink"]/dd[1]/b/text()')[0]) == 0:
            down_url = req.xpath('//div[@class="download"]/dl[@class="downlink"]/dt/li/a/@href')[0]
            down_name = f'{h2}/{h2}.rar'
            down_data=down_url, down_name
            print(down_data)
        else:
            down_data=[]


        data=text_data,img_data,down_data
        self.down_queue.put(data)








# 消费者模式
class Consumer(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, page_queue, down_queue, *args, **kwargs):
        super(Consumer, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.page_queue = page_queue
        self.down_queue = down_queue
        self.ua = UserAgent()
        self.headers = {"User-Agent": self.ua.random}


    def run(self):
        while True:
            if self.page_queue.empty() and self.down_queue.empty():
                break


            text_data,img_data,down_data=self.down_queue.get()
            h2,texts=text_data
            os.makedirs(f'{h2}/', exist_ok=True)  #创建目录
            self.get_text(h2, texts)
            img_url,img_name=img_data
            self.get_downimg(h2, img_url, img_name)
            if down_data !=[]:
                down_url, down_name = down_data
                self.down(down_url, down_name)


    # 保存文本内容
    def get_text(self, h2, texts):
        print("开始保存文本内容...")
        with open(f'{h2}/{h2}.txt', 'w', encoding="utf-8") as f:
            f.write(texts)
        print(">>>保存文本内容完成！")


    # 下载图片
    def get_downimg(self, h2, img_url, img_name):
        print("开始下载图片...")
        r = requests.get(img_url, headers=self.headers, timeout=6)
        time.sleep(1)
        with open(f'{h2}/{img_name}', 'wb') as f:
            f.write(r.content)
        print(">>>下载图片完成！")


    # 下载素材
    def down(self, down_url, down_name):
        print("开始下载素材...")
        r = requests.get(down_url, headers=self.headers, timeout=6)
        time.sleep(1)
        with open(down_name, 'wb') as f:
            f.write(r.content)
        print(">>>下载素材完成！")




def main():
    page_queue = Queue(1000)
    down_queue = Queue(2500)
    for i in range(1, 71):
        url = f"http://www.uimaker.com/uimakerdown/list_36_{i}.html"
        print(f'>>> 正在爬取 第{i + 1}页 列表页，链接：{url} ...')
        page_queue.put(url)


    for x in range(3):
        t = Procuder(page_queue, down_queue)
        t.start()


    for x in range(6):
        t = Consumer(page_queue, down_queue)
        t.start()




if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

相关阅读：

单线程版本

Python素材下载爬虫，ui素材下载爬取采集源码