Record Management System 从入门到精通系列之四

      本文将主要讲述RecordFilter和RecordEnumeration的用法，这在整个Record Management System中都是至关重要的。由于本人觉得RecordComparator和RecordFilter类似并且用出相对小些，因此不再这里做介绍了。我们依然是通过一个示范的应用程序说明如何使用这两个接口。

      RecordFilter的定义非常的简单，他只定义了一个方法那就是boolean matches(byte[] data)。
public interface RecordFilter {
    boolean matches( byte[] recordData );
}
使用起来也非常简单，我们只需要实现这个方法并根据需要返回boolean类型的值就可以了，通常我们在查找纪录的时候使用这个接口，把它作为一个参数传递给enumerateRecords()方法，例如
RecordEnumeration records = rs.enumerateRecords(new RecordEntryFilter(key),null,false)，首先我们看看这个方法的参数，第一个参数是RecordFilter，它就是用来筛选数据库中的纪录的，筛选的条件就是我们上面定义的方法，boolean matches(byte[] data),第二个参数是RecordComparator，它是对选择出来的数据进行排序的，如果你不指定的话就按照默认的顺序排序。第三个参数是boolean类型的，如果是true的话，那么record会跟踪rms中的数据变化，这是比较昂贵的开销，我一般都是用false的。得到records后我们可以进行很多有用的操作，具体的方法有：
public interface RecordEnumeration {
  void destroy();
  boolean hasNextElement();
  boolean hasPreviousElement();
  boolean isKeptUpdated();
  void keepUpdated( boolean keepUpdated );
  byte[] nextRecord() throws InvalidRecordIDException,
                  RecordStoreNotOpenException,
                  RecordStoreException;
  int nextRecordId() throws InvalidRecordIDException;
  int numRecords();
  byte[] previousRecord() throws InvalidRecordIDException,
                  RecordStoreNotOpenException,
                  RecordStoreException;
  int previousRecordId() throws InvalidRecordIDException;
  void rebuild();
  void reset();
}

其中标记的方法很常用应该记住。我们实现RecordFilter的时候通常是会写成一个类的内部类，这非常普遍也很合理。我下面的程序依然使用这样的方法，
 private static class RecordEntryFilter implements RecordFilter
    {
        private String key;

        public RecordEntryFilter(String key) {
            this.key = key;
        }

        public boolean matches(byte[] data)
        {
            try
            {
                return RecordEntry.matches(data, key);
            } catch (IOException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return false;
            }
        }
    }
在例子用我们向RMS中存入几个数据实体，它包括一个username和一个phonenumber字段。我们写入和读出字段的时候可以使用系列之二中的序列化机制。
import java.io.*;
/*
 * Created on 2004-7-13
 *
 * TODO To change the template for this generated file go to
 * Window - Preferences - Java - Code Style - Code Templates
 */

/**
 * @author E2412C
 *
 * TODO To change the template for this generated type comment go to Window -
 * Preferences - Java - Code Style - Code Templates
 */
public class RecordEntry
{
    private String userName;
    private String phoneNum;

    public RecordEntry() {
    }

    public RecordEntry(String userName, String phoneNum) {
        this.userName = userName;
        this.phoneNum = phoneNum;
    }

    /**
     * @return Returns the phoneNum.
     */
    public String getPhoneNum()
    {
        return phoneNum;
    }

    /**
     * @param phoneNum
     *            The phoneNum to set.
     */
    public void setPhoneNum(String phoneNum)
    {
        this.phoneNum = phoneNum;
    }

    /**
     * @return Returns the userName.
     */
    public String getUserName()
    {
        return userName;
    }

    /**
     * @param userName
     *            The userName to set.
     */
    public void setUserName(String userName)
    {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public byte[] serialize() throws IOException
    {
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(baos);

        dos.writeUTF(userName);
        dos.writeUTF(phoneNum);

        return baos.toByteArray();
    }

    public static RecordEntry deserialize(byte[] data) throws IOException
    {
        ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(data);
        DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(bais);
       
        RecordEntry record = new RecordEntry();
        record.userName = dis.readUTF();
        record.phoneNum = dis.readUTF();
        return record;
    }
   
    public static boolean matches(byte[] data,String key) throws IOException
    {
        ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(data);
        DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(bais);
       
        return dis.readUTF().equals(key);
    }
   
    public String toString()
    {
        return userName+":"+phoneNum; 
    }
}

我们本文要讲述的另一个重点是如何使用RecordEnumeration，相关的代码写在了一个RecordModel类里面如下：
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.microedition.rms.*;
/*
 * Created on 2004-7-13
 *
 * TODO To change the template for this generated file go to
 * Window - Preferences - Java - Code Style - Code Templates
 */

/**
 * @author E2412C
 *
 * TODO To change the template for this generated type comment go to Window -
 * Preferences - Java - Code Style - Code Templates
 */
public class RecordModel
{
    private RecordStore rs;
    private boolean firstTime = true;
    public static final String NAME = "record";
    private RecordEntry[] record = { new RecordEntry("ming", "12345"),
            new RecordEntry("pain", "123456"),
            new RecordEntry("linux", "234566"),
            new RecordEntry("mingtian", "3456677") };

    private static class RecordEntryFilter implements RecordFilter
    {
        private String key;

        public RecordEntryFilter(String key) {
            this.key = key;
        }

        public boolean matches(byte[] data)
        {
            try
            {
                return RecordEntry.matches(data, key);
            } catch (IOException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return false;
            }
        }
    }

    public RecordModel() {
     
            try
            {
                rs = RecordStore.openRecordStore(NAME, true);
               
            } catch (RecordStoreException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
       if(firstTime)
       {
           init();
           firstTime = false;
       }
    }

    public void init()
    {
        try
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < record.length; i++)
            {
                byte[] data = record[i].serialize();
                rs.addRecord(data, 0, data.length);

            }
        } catch (IOException e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (RecordStoreException e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    public RecordEntry[] getRecord(String key)
    {
        try
        {
            if (rs.getNumRecords() > 0)
            {
                RecordEnumeration records = rs.enumerateRecords(
                        new RecordEntryFilter(key), null, false);
                int length = records.numRecords();
                if (length == 0)
                {
                    return new RecordEntry[0];
                } else
                {
                    System.out.println(length);
                    RecordEntry[] record = new RecordEntry[length];
                    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
                    {
                        record[i] = RecordEntry.deserialize(rs
                                .getRecord(records.nextRecordId()));
                    }
                    return record;
                }
            } else
            {
                return new RecordEntry[0];
            }
        } catch (RecordStoreException e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return new RecordEntry[0];
        } catch (IOException e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return new RecordEntry[0];
        }
    }
}
其中标记为灰色的代码是我们应该重点掌握的，下面是RecordFilterMIDlet类的代码：
import javax.microedition.lcdui.*;
import javax.microedition.midlet.MIDlet;
import javax.microedition.midlet.MIDletStateChangeException;
/*
 * Created on 2004-7-13
 *
 * TODO To change the template for this generated file go to
 * Window - Preferences - Java - Code Style - Code Templates
 */

/**
 * @author E2412C
 *
 * TODO To change the template for this generated type comment go to Window -
 * Preferences - Java - Code Style - Code Templates
 */
public class RecordFilterMIDlet extends MIDlet implements ItemStateListener
{
    private Display display;
    private Form mainForm;
    private TextField textField;
    private RecordModel model;

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     *
     * @see javax.microedition.midlet.MIDlet#startApp()
     */
    protected void startApp() throws MIDletStateChangeException
    {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        display = Display.getDisplay(this);
        mainForm = new Form("Test");
        model = new RecordModel();
        textField = new TextField("input:", null, 20, TextField.ANY);
        mainForm.append(textField);
        mainForm.setItemStateListener(this);
        display.setCurrent(mainForm);

    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     *
     * @see javax.microedition.midlet.MIDlet#pauseApp()
     */
    protected void pauseApp()
    {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     *
     * @see javax.microedition.midlet.MIDlet#destroyApp(boolean)
     */
    protected void destroyApp(boolean arg0) throws MIDletStateChangeException
    {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

 
    public void itemStateChanged(Item item)
    {
        if (item == textField)
        {
            String input = textField.getString();
            RecordEntry[] record = model.getRecord(input);
            if (record.length == 0)
            {
                System.out.println("no record");
            } else
            {

                for (int i = 0; i < record.length; i++)
                {
                    System.out.println(record[i]);
                }
            }
        }
    }

}
为了方便我没有在手机界面上显示，而是输出到控制台。下面是在input内输入ming的时候在控制台打印出来的结果：
no record
no record
no record
1
ming:12345
你可能想把以输入字段为开头的记录筛选出来，就像在通讯录中查询一样。那么你可以在Filter中添加一个int类型的type来告诉实体中的matches()方法应该如何做。这样就可以筛选出你所需要的记录了：）
      还是那句话，希望对大家有用！本来还想在系列5中介绍我自己实现的一个个人通信录，程序已经写完，大概有3k的代码吧，基本覆盖了前面所讲述的专题。由于我准备投稿，因此决定不继续写Record Management System的内容了。