Image打包流程-Android10.0编译系统（四）

摘要：本节主要来进行Android10.0 Image打包流程，理解system.img是如何打包的

1 概述

  前面我们讲完了Android10.0 编译的初始化和make的完整流程，从make中我们看到了，最终编译会生成system.img、super.img、ramdisk.img等镜像文件，我们把这些镜像文件烧录到手机中，即可完成版本的替换升级。

  这一节我们来一起看看这些image是如何打包生成的

2 image打包入口

  在上一节的main.mk中，最后两步定义了需要编译的image和构建一个rom的过程.

  image构建和打包的一些依赖关系如下图所示：

1. [build/make/core/main.mk]

2. ...

3. .PHONY: ramdisk

4. ramdisk: $(INSTALLED_RAMDISK_TARGET)

6. .PHONY: userdataimage

7. userdataimage: $(INSTALLED_USERDATAIMAGE_TARGET)

8. DATATARBALL_TARGET)

10. .PHONY: cacheimage

11. cacheimage: $(INSTALLED_CACHEIMAGE_TARGET)

13. .PHONY: odmimage

14. odmimage: $(INSTALLED_ODMIMAGE_TARGET)

16. .PHONY: systemotherimage

17. systemotherimage: $(INSTALLED_SYSTEMOTHERIMAGE_TARGET)

19. .PHONY: superimage_empty

20. superimage_empty: $(INSTALLED_SUPERIMAGE_EMPTY_TARGET)

22. .PHONY: bootimage

23. bootimage: $(INSTALLED_BOOTIMAGE_TARGET)

25. .PHONY: bootimage_debug

26. bootimage_debug: $(INSTALLED_DEBUG_BOOTIMAGE_TARGET)

28. ...

30. .PHONY: droidcore

31. droidcore: $(filter $(HOST_OUT_ROOT)/%,$(modules_to_install)) \

32. $(INSTALLED_SYSTEMIMAGE_TARGET) \

33. $(INSTALLED_RAMDISK_TARGET) \

34. $(INSTALLED_BOOTIMAGE_TARGET) \

35. $(INSTALLED_DEBUG_RAMDISK_TARGET) \

36. $(INSTALLED_DEBUG_BOOTIMAGE_TARGET) \

37. $(INSTALLED_RECOVERYIMAGE_TARGET) \

38. $(INSTALLED_VBMETAIMAGE_TARGET) \

39. $(INSTALLED_USERDATAIMAGE_TARGET) \

40. $(INSTALLED_CACHEIMAGE_TARGET) \

41. $(INSTALLED_BPTIMAGE_TARGET) \

42. $(INSTALLED_VENDORIMAGE_TARGET) \

43. $(INSTALLED_ODMIMAGE_TARGET) \

44. $(INSTALLED_SUPERIMAGE_EMPTY_TARGET) \

45. ...\

46. auxiliary \

47. soong_docs

48. ...

main.mk中只是做了一些定义和启动编译流程，正在的image打包在build/core/Makefile中完成

1. [build/make/core/main.mk]

2. ifdef FULL_BUILD

3. ...

5. # TODO: Remove the 3 places in the tree that use ALL_DEFAULT_INSTALLED_MODULES

6. # and get rid of it from this list.

7. modules_to_install := $(sort \

8. $(ALL_DEFAULT_INSTALLED_MODULES) \

9. $(product_target_FILES) \

10. $(product_host_FILES) \

11. $(call get-tagged-modules,$(tags_to_install)) \

12. $(CUSTOM_MODULES) \

13. )

14. ...

15. # build/make/core/Makefile contains extra stuff that we don't want to pollute this

16. # top-level makefile with. It expects that ALL_DEFAULT_INSTALLED_MODULES

17. # contains everything that's built during the current make, but it also further

18. # extends ALL_DEFAULT_INSTALLED_MODULES.

19. ALL_DEFAULT_INSTALLED_MODULES := $(modules_to_install)

20. include $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/Makefile

21. modules_to_install := $(sort $(ALL_DEFAULT_INSTALLED_MODULES))

22. ALL_DEFAULT_INSTALLED_MODULES :=

24. ...

25. #endif

 在build/core/Makefile中定义了很多image的生成规则，例如：system.img,boot.img,recovery.img,vendor.img,super.img，下面我们就以system.img为例，详细的来看看image的具体打包细节。

1. [build/core/Makefile]

2. ...

3. .PHONY: systemimage

4. .PHONY: event-log-tags

5. .PHONY: ramdisk-nodeps

6. .PHONY: bootimage-nodeps

7. .PHONY: bootimage-nodeps

8. .PHONY: bootimage-nodeps

9. .PHONY: bootimage-nodeps

10. .PHONY: notice_files

11. .PHONY: otacerts

12. .PHONY: recoveryimage-nodeps

13. .PHONY: recoveryimage

14. .PHONY: ramdisk_debug-nodeps

15. .PHONY: bootimage_debug-nodeps

16. .PHONY: installed-file-list

17. .PHONY: systemimage-nodeps snod

18. .PHONY: sync syncsys

19. .PHONY: systemtarball-nodeps

20. .PHONY: stnod

21. .PHONY: platform

22. .PHONY: platform-java

23. .PHONY: boottarball-nodeps btnod

24. .PHONY: userdataimage-nodeps

25. .PHONY: userdatatarball-nodeps

26. .PHONY: bptimage-nodeps

27. .PHONY: cacheimage-nodeps

28. .PHONY: systemotherimage-nodeps

29. .PHONY: vendorimage-nodeps vnod

30. .PHONY: productimage-nodeps pnod

31. .PHONY: productservicesimage-nodeps psnod

32. .PHONY: odmimage-nodeps onod

33. .PHONY: vbmetaimage-nodeps

34. .PHONY: otatools

35. .PHONY: otatools-package

36. .PHONY: target-files-package

37. .PHONY: otapackage

38. .PHONY: otardppackage

39. .PHONY: superimage_dist

40. .PHONY: superimage

41. .PHONY: superimage-nodeps supernod

42. ...

3.systemimage 打包

  system.img打包的是system分区中的文件，相关打包内容如下：

1. # Rules that need to be present for the all targets, even

2. # if they don't do anything.

3. .PHONY: systemimage

4. systemimage:

6. ...

7. INSTALLED_SYSTEMIMAGE_TARGET := $(PRODUCT_OUT)/system.img

8. SYSTEMIMAGE_SOURCE_DIR := $(TARGET_OUT)

10. $(INSTALLED_SYSTEMIMAGE_TARGET): $(BUILT_SYSTEMIMAGE) $(RECOVERY_FROM_BOOT_PATCH)

11. @echo "Install system fs image: $@"

12. $(copy-file-to-target)

13. $(hide) $(call assert-max-image-size,$@ $(RECOVERY_FROM_BOOT_PATCH),$(BOARD_SYSTEMIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE))

15. systemimage: $(INSTALLED_SYSTEMIMAGE_TARGET)

17. .PHONY: systemimage-nodeps snod

18. systemimage-nodeps snod: $(filter-out systemimage-nodeps snod,$(MAKECMDGOALS)) \

19. | $(INTERNAL_USERIMAGES_DEPS)

20. @echo "make $@: ignoring dependencies"

21. $(call build-systemimage-target,$(INSTALLED_SYSTEMIMAGE_TARGET))

22. $(hide) $(call assert-max-image-size,$(INSTALLED_SYSTEMIMAGE_TARGET),$(BOARD_SYSTEMIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE))

23. ...

关于system.img，这里定义了两个伪目标systemimage 和 systemimage-nodeps。

systemimage表示在打包system.img之前，要根据依赖规则重新生成所有要进行打包的文件。

systemimage-nodeps则不需要根据依赖规则重新生成所有需要打包的文件而直接打包system.img文件。

systemimage 依赖于$(INSTALLED_SYSTEMIMAGE_TARGET)。

3.1 INSTALLED_SYSTEMIMAGE_TARGET

  从上面的代码看到，systemimage 依赖于INSTALLED_SYSTEMIMAGE_TARGET，最终生成目标文件

1. $(PRODUCT_OUT)/system.img

2. $(INSTALLED_SYSTEMIMAGE_TARGET): $(BUILT_SYSTEMIMAGE) $(RECOVERY_FROM_BOOT_PATCH)

3. @echo "Install system fs image: $@"

4. $(copy-file-to-target)

5. $(hide) $(call assert-max-image-size,$@ $(RECOVERY_FROM_BOOT_PATCH),$(BOARD_SYSTEMIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE))

其中，INSTALLED_SYSTEMIMAGE_TARGET依赖于BUILT_SYSTEMIMAGE和RECOVERY_FROM_BOOT_PATCH，再调用了函数copy-file-to-target进行文件拷贝。

3.1.1  copy-file-to-target

  copy-file-to-target 在/build/make/core/definitions.mk 中被定义，主要用于是拷贝文件，并且在拷贝的过程中会保留文件的权限和覆盖已有的文件。

  它会创建/out/target/product/xxx 目录， xxx表示产品的名称，然后把文件拷贝到该目录中

1. [/build/make/core/definitions.mk]

2. # Copy a single file from one place to another,

3. # preserving permissions and overwriting any existing

4. # file.

5. # When we used acp, it could not handle high resolution timestamps

6. # on file systems like ext4. Because of that, '-t' option was disabled

7. # and copy-file-to-target was identical to copy-file-to-new-target.

8. # Keep the behavior until we audit and ensure that switching this back

9. # won't break anything.

10. define copy-file-to-target

11. @mkdir -p $(dir $@)

12. $(hide) rm -f $@

13. $(hide) cp "$<" "$@"

14. endef

3.1.2 RECOVERY_FROM_BOOT_PATCH

  RECOVERY_FROM_BOOT_PATCH 描述的是一个patch文件，依赖规则如下所示：

1. ifneq (,$(filter true, $(BOARD_BUILD_SYSTEM_ROOT_IMAGE) $(BOARD_INCLUDE_RECOVERY_DTBO) $(BOARD_INCLUDE_RECOVERY_ACPIO)))

2. diff_tool := $(HOST_OUT_EXECUTABLES)/bsdiff

3. else

4. diff_tool := $(HOST_OUT_EXECUTABLES)/imgdiff

5. endif

6. intermediates := $(call intermediates-dir-for,PACKAGING,recovery_patch)

7. RECOVERY_FROM_BOOT_PATCH := $(intermediates)/recovery_from_boot.p

8. $(RECOVERY_FROM_BOOT_PATCH): PRIVATE_DIFF_TOOL := $(diff_tool)

9. $(RECOVERY_FROM_BOOT_PATCH): \

10. $(INSTALLED_RECOVERYIMAGE_TARGET) \

11. $(INSTALLED_BOOTIMAGE_TARGET) \

12. $(diff_tool)

13. @echo "Construct recovery from boot"

14. mkdir -p $(dir $@)

15. $(PRIVATE_DIFF_TOOL) $(INSTALLED_BOOTIMAGE_TARGET) $(INSTALLED_RECOVERYIMAGE_TARGET) $@

RECOVERY_FROM_BOOT_PATCH 依赖的patch文件为：$(intermediates)/recovery_from_boot.p，表示的是recovery.img和boot.img之间的差异，存在于system分区中，可以通过boot.img和recovery_from_boot.p构造一个recovery.img。

3.1.3 BUILT_SYSTEMIMAGE

 BUILT_SYSTEMIMAGE 最终会把system.img编译到 out/target/product/generic/obj/PACKAGING/systemimage_intermediates/system.img中。

BUILT_SYSTEMIMAGE 依赖于FULL_SYSTEMIMAGE_DEPS、INSTALLED_FILES_FILE和BUILD_IMAGE_SRCS，通过调用 函数build-systemimage-target 来编译systemimage,相关依赖如下所示:

1. systemimage_intermediates := \

2. $(call intermediates-dir-for,PACKAGING,systemimage)

3. BUILT_SYSTEMIMAGE := $(systemimage_intermediates)/system.img

5. $(BUILT_SYSTEMIMAGE): $(FULL_SYSTEMIMAGE_DEPS) $(INSTALLED_FILES_FILE) $(BUILD_IMAGE_SRCS)

6. $(call build-systemimage-target,$@)

 BUILD_IMAGE_SRCS 在[/build/make/core/config.mk] 中定义，配置了build/make/tools/releasetools中的python脚本参与编译

1. BUILD_IMAGE_SRCS := $(wildcard build/make/tools/releasetools/*.py)

 INSTALLED_FILES_FILE 依赖的是文件$(PRODUCT_OUT)/installed-files.txt，这是已安装的文件列表，这些文件要打包到system.img中，他也依赖于FULL_SYSTEMIMAGE_DEPS

 INSTALLED_FILES_FILE 的依赖描述如下所示：

1. # installed file list

2. # Depending on anything that $(BUILT_SYSTEMIMAGE) depends on.

3. # We put installed-files.txt ahead of image itself in the dependency graph

4. # so that we can get the size stat even if the build fails due to too large

5. # system image.

6. INSTALLED_FILES_FILE := $(PRODUCT_OUT)/installed-files.txt

7. INSTALLED_FILES_JSON := $(INSTALLED_FILES_FILE:.txt=.json)

8. $(INSTALLED_FILES_FILE): .KATI_IMPLICIT_OUTPUTS := $(INSTALLED_FILES_JSON)

9. $(INSTALLED_FILES_FILE): $(FULL_SYSTEMIMAGE_DEPS) $(FILESLIST)

10. @echo Installed file list: $@

11. @mkdir -p $(dir $@)

12. @rm -f $@

13. $(hide) $(FILESLIST) $(TARGET_OUT) > $(@:.txt=.json)

14. $(hide) build/make/tools/fileslist_util.py -c $(@:.txt=.json) > $@

 FULL_SYSTEMIMAGE_DEPS依赖于INTERNAL_SYSTEMIMAGE_FILES 和INTERNAL_USERIMAGES_DEPS，列出了制作system.img所需要的工具和制作system.img所需要的文件。

1. INTERNAL_USERIMAGES_DEPS := $(SIMG2IMG)

2. INTERNAL_USERIMAGES_DEPS += $(MKEXTUSERIMG) $(MAKE_EXT4FS) $(E2FSCK) $(TUNE2FS)

3. ifeq ($(TARGET_USERIMAGES_USE_F2FS),true)

4. INTERNAL_USERIMAGES_DEPS += $(MKF2FSUSERIMG) $(MAKE_F2FS)

5. endif

6. ...

7. INTERNAL_SYSTEMIMAGE_FILES := $(sort $(filter $(TARGET_OUT)/%, \

8. $(ALL_GENERATED_SOURCES) \

9. $(ALL_DEFAULT_INSTALLED_MODULES) \

10. $(PDK_FUSION_SYSIMG_FILES) \

11. $(RECOVERY_RESOURCE_ZIP)) \

12. $(PDK_FUSION_SYMLINK_STAMP))

14. FULL_SYSTEMIMAGE_DEPS := $(INTERNAL_SYSTEMIMAGE_FILES) $(INTERNAL_USERIMAGES_DEPS)

INTERNAL_USERIMAGES_DEPS：列出了制作system.img所需要的工具，例如out/host/linux-x86/bin/simg2img、out/host/linux-x86/bin/mkuserimg_mke2fs 等，如果支持f2fs的文件系统，会加载out/host/linux-x86/bin/make_f2fs

INTERNAL_SYSTEMIMAGE_FILES：列出了制作system.img所需要的文件，释义如下：

ALL_GENERATED_SOURCES：描述的是要拷贝到目标设备上去的由工具自动生成的源代码文件。

ALL_DEFAULT_INSTALLED_MODULES：描述的是所有需要安装的module

PDK_FUSION_SYSIMG_FILES：是从PDK(Platform Development Kit)提取出来的相关文件

RECOVERY_RESOURCE_ZIP：描述的是Android的recovery系统要使用的资源文件，对应于/system/etc目录下的recovery-resource.dat文件。

PDK_FUSION_SYMLINK_STAMP：PDK的符号链接文件

3.1.4 build-systemimage-target

  BUILT_SYSTEMIMAGE 通过调用函数build-systemimage-target 来生成img。

  首先创进行了一些vendor\product\product_service的link操作，然后创建一个out/target/product/generic/obj/PACKAGING/systemimage_intermediates/ 目录，并先删除system_image_info.txt文件，接着调用generate-image-prop-dictionary，生成system.img的信息，保存到system_image_info.txt中。

  最后调用build/make/tools/releasetools/build_image.py来生成system.img。

  build-systemimage-target的定义如下所示：

1. define build-systemimage-target

2. @echo "Target system fs image: $(1)"

3. $(call create-system-vendor-symlink)

4. $(call create-system-product-symlink)

5. $(call create-system-product_services-symlink)

6. $(call check-apex-libs-absence-on-disk)

7. @mkdir -p $(dir $(1)) $(systemimage_intermediates) && rm -rf $(systemimage_intermediates)/system_image_info.txt

8. $(call generate-image-prop-dictionary, $(systemimage_intermediates)/system_image_info.txt,system, \

9. skip_fsck=true)

10. $(hide) PATH=$(foreach p,$(INTERNAL_USERIMAGES_BINARY_PATHS),$(p):)$$PATH \

11. build/make/tools/releasetools/build_image.py \

12. $(TARGET_OUT) $(systemimage_intermediates)/system_image_info.txt $(1) $(TARGET_OUT) \

13. || ( mkdir -p $${DIST_DIR}; cp $(INSTALLED_FILES_FILE) $${DIST_DIR}/installed-files-rescued.txt; \

14. exit 1 )

15. endef

3.1.4.1 create-system-vendor-symlink

  如果存在vendor目录，就给vendor目录创建一个软连接。即/system/vendor 目录会被link到/vendor目录。

1. define create-system-vendor-symlink

2. $(hide) if [ -d $(TARGET_OUT)/vendor ] && [ ! -h $(TARGET_OUT)/vendor ]; then \

3. echo 'Non-symlink $(TARGET_OUT)/vendor detected!' 1>&2; \

4. echo 'You cannot install files to $(TARGET_OUT)/vendor while building a separate vendor.img!' 1>&2; \

5. exit 1; \

6. fi

3.1.4.2 create-system-product-symlink

  如果存在product目录，就给product目录创建一个软连接。即/system/product 目录会被link到/product目录。

1. define create-system-product-symlink

2. $(hide) if [ -d $(TARGET_OUT)/product ] && [ ! -h $(TARGET_OUT)/product ]; then \

3. echo 'Non-symlink $(TARGET_OUT)/product detected!' 1>&2; \

4. echo 'You cannot install files to $(TARGET_OUT)/product while building a separate product.img!' 1>&2; \

5. exit 1; \

6. fi

3.1.4.3 create-system-product_services-symlink

  如果存在product_services目录，就给product_services目录创建一个软连接。即/system/product_services 目录会被link到/product_services目录。

1. define create-system-product_services-symlink

2. $(hide) if [ -d $(TARGET_OUT)/product_services ] && [ ! -h $(TARGET_OUT)/product_services ]; then \

3. echo 'Non-symlink $(TARGET_OUT)/product_services detected!' 1>&2; \

4. echo 'You cannot install files to $(TARGET_OUT)/product_services while building a separate product_services.img!' 1>&2; \

5. exit 1; \

6. fi

3.2 build_image.py编译system.img

1. $(hide) PATH=$(foreach p,$(INTERNAL_USERIMAGES_BINARY_PATHS),$(p):)$$PATH \

2. build/make/tools/releasetools/build_image.py \

3. $(TARGET_OUT) $(systemimage_intermediates)/system_image_info.txt $(1) $(TARGET_OUT) \

4. || ( mkdir -p $${DIST_DIR}; cp $(INSTALLED_FILES_FILE) $${DIST_DIR}/installed-files-rescued.txt; \

5. exit 1 )

执行build_image.py时，传入了4个参数：

$(TARGET_OUT) $(systemimage_intermediates)/system_image_info.txt $(1) $(TARGET_OUT)

$(TARGET_OUT)  ：对应目录out/target/product/generic/system

$(systemimage_intermediates)/system_image_info.txt ：system.img的配置文件

3.2.1 main()

  首先进行参数检查，如果参数个数小于4，直接退出，如果要生成system.img,mount指向system，调用ImagePropFromGlobalDict()来获取image的参数，再调用BuildImage()进行image的编译。

1. def main(argv):

2. if len(argv) != 4:

3. print(__doc__)

4. sys.exit(1)

6. common.InitLogging()

8. in_dir = argv[0]

9. glob_dict_file = argv[1]

10. out_file = argv[2]

11. target_out = argv[3]

13. glob_dict = LoadGlobalDict(glob_dict_file)

14. if "mount_point" in glob_dict:

15. # The caller knows the mount point and provides a dictionary needed by

16. # BuildImage().

17. image_properties = glob_dict

18. else:

19. image_filename = os.path.basename(out_file)

20. mount_point = ""

21. if image_filename == "system.img":

22. mount_point = "system"

23. elif image_filename == "system_other.img":

24. mount_point = "system_other"

25. elif image_filename == "userdata.img":

26. mount_point = "data"

27. elif image_filename == "cache.img":

28. mount_point = "cache"

29. elif image_filename == "vendor.img":

30. mount_point = "vendor"

31. elif image_filename == "odm.img":

32. mount_point = "odm"

33. elif image_filename == "oem.img":

34. mount_point = "oem"

35. elif image_filename == "product.img":

36. mount_point = "product"

37. elif image_filename == "product_services.img":

38. mount_point = "product_services"

39. else:

40. logger.error("Unknown image file name %s", image_filename)

41. sys.exit(1)

43. image_properties = ImagePropFromGlobalDict(glob_dict, mount_point)

45. try:

46. BuildImage(in_dir, image_properties, out_file, target_out)

47. except:

48. logger.error("Failed to build %s from %s", out_file, in_dir)

49. raise

3.2.2 ImagePropFromGlobalDict()

  传入的mount_point为system，把类似system_reserved_size这些参数，存入system_image_info.txt中。

1. def ImagePropFromGlobalDict(glob_dict, mount_point):

2. """Build an image property dictionary from the global dictionary.

4. Args:

5. glob_dict: the global dictionary from the build system.

6. mount_point: such as "system", "data" etc.

7. """

8. d = {}

10. if "build.prop" in glob_dict:

11. bp = glob_dict["build.prop"]

12. if "ro.build.date.utc" in bp:

13. d["timestamp"] = bp["ro.build.date.utc"]

15. def copy_prop(src_p, dest_p):

16. """Copy a property from the global dictionary.

18. Args:

19. src_p: The source property in the global dictionary.

20. dest_p: The destination property.

21. Returns:

22. True if property was found and copied, False otherwise.

23. """

24. if src_p in glob_dict:

25. d[dest_p] = str(glob_dict[src_p])

26. return True

27. return False

29. common_props = (

30. "extfs_sparse_flag",

31. "squashfs_sparse_flag",

32. "selinux_fc",

33. "skip_fsck",

34. "ext_mkuserimg",

35. "verity",

36. "verity_key",

37. "verity_signer_cmd",

38. "verity_fec",

39. "verity_disable",

40. "avb_enable",

41. "avb_avbtool",

42. "avb_salt",

43. "use_dynamic_partition_size",

44. )

45. for p in common_props:

46. copy_prop(p, p)

48. d["mount_point"] = mount_point

49. if mount_point == "system":

50. copy_prop("avb_system_hashtree_enable", "avb_hashtree_enable")

51. copy_prop("avb_system_add_hashtree_footer_args",

52. "avb_add_hashtree_footer_args")

53. copy_prop("avb_system_key_path", "avb_key_path")

54. copy_prop("avb_system_algorithm", "avb_algorithm")

55. copy_prop("fs_type", "fs_type")

56. # Copy the generic system fs type first, override with specific one if

57. # available.

58. copy_prop("system_fs_type", "fs_type")

59. copy_prop("system_headroom", "partition_headroom")

60. copy_prop("system_size", "partition_size")

61. if not copy_prop("system_journal_size", "journal_size"):

62. d["journal_size"] = "0"

63. copy_prop("system_verity_block_device", "verity_block_device")

64. copy_prop("system_root_image", "system_root_image")

65. copy_prop("root_dir", "root_dir")

66. copy_prop("root_fs_config", "root_fs_config")

67. copy_prop("ext4_share_dup_blocks", "ext4_share_dup_blocks")

68. copy_prop("system_squashfs_compressor", "squashfs_compressor")

69. copy_prop("system_squashfs_compressor_opt", "squashfs_compressor_opt")

70. copy_prop("system_squashfs_block_size", "squashfs_block_size")

71. copy_prop("system_squashfs_disable_4k_align", "squashfs_disable_4k_align")

72. copy_prop("system_base_fs_file", "base_fs_file")

73. copy_prop("system_extfs_inode_count", "extfs_inode_count")

74. if not copy_prop("system_extfs_rsv_pct", "extfs_rsv_pct"):

75. d["extfs_rsv_pct"] = "0"

76. copy_prop("system_reserved_size", "partition_reserved_size")

77. elif mount_point == "system_other":

78. ...

79. elif mount_point == "data":

80. ...

81. elif mount_point == "cache":

82. ...

83. elif mount_point == "vendor":

84. ...

85. elif mount_point == "product":

86. ...

87. elif mount_point == "product_services":

88. ...

89. elif mount_point == "odm":

90. ...

91. elif mount_point == "oem":

92. ...

93. d["partition_name"] = mount_point

94. return d

3.2.3 BuildImage()

  上面得到system.img的参数后，接下来执行image的编译。

1. def BuildImage(in_dir, prop_dict, out_file, target_out=None):

2. """Builds an image for the files under in_dir and writes it to out_file.

4. Args:

5. in_dir: Path to input directory.

6. prop_dict: A property dict that contains info like partition size. Values

7. will be updated with computed values.

8. out_file: The output image file.

9. target_out: Path to the TARGET_OUT directory as in Makefile. It actually

10. points to the /system directory under PRODUCT_OUT. fs_config (the one

11. under system/core/libcutils) reads device specific FS config files from

12. there.

14. Raises:

15. BuildImageError: On build image failures.

16. """

17. in_dir, fs_config = SetUpInDirAndFsConfig(in_dir, prop_dict)

19. build_command = []

20. fs_type = prop_dict.get("fs_type", "")

22. fs_spans_partition = True

23. if fs_type.startswith("squash"):

24. fs_spans_partition = False

26. # Get a builder for creating an image that's to be verified by Verified Boot,

27. # or None if not applicable.

28. verity_image_builder = verity_utils.CreateVerityImageBuilder(prop_dict)

30. if (prop_dict.get("use_dynamic_partition_size") == "true" and

31. "partition_size" not in prop_dict):

32. # If partition_size is not defined, use output of `du' + reserved_size.

33. size = GetDiskUsage(in_dir)

34. logger.info(

35. "The tree size of %s is %d MB.", in_dir, size // BYTES_IN_MB)

36. # If not specified, give us 16MB margin for GetDiskUsage error ...

37. reserved_size = int(prop_dict.get("partition_reserved_size", BYTES_IN_MB * 16))

38. partition_headroom = int(prop_dict.get("partition_headroom", 0))

39. if fs_type.startswith("ext4") and partition_headroom > reserved_size:

40. reserved_size = partition_headroom

41. size += reserved_size

42. # Round this up to a multiple of 4K so that avbtool works

43. size = common.RoundUpTo4K(size)

44. if fs_type.startswith("ext"):

45. prop_dict["partition_size"] = str(size)

46. prop_dict["image_size"] = str(size)

47. if "extfs_inode_count" not in prop_dict:

48. prop_dict["extfs_inode_count"] = str(GetInodeUsage(in_dir))

49. logger.info(

50. "First Pass based on estimates of %d MB and %s inodes.",

51. size // BYTES_IN_MB, prop_dict["extfs_inode_count"])

52. BuildImageMkfs(in_dir, prop_dict, out_file, target_out, fs_config)

53. sparse_image = False

54. if "extfs_sparse_flag" in prop_dict:

55. sparse_image = True

56. fs_dict = GetFilesystemCharacteristics(out_file, sparse_image)

57. os.remove(out_file)

58. block_size = int(fs_dict.get("Block size", "4096"))

59. free_size = int(fs_dict.get("Free blocks", "0")) * block_size

60. reserved_size = int(prop_dict.get("partition_reserved_size", 0))

61. partition_headroom = int(fs_dict.get("partition_headroom", 0))

62. if fs_type.startswith("ext4") and partition_headroom > reserved_size:

63. reserved_size = partition_headroom

64. if free_size <= reserved_size:

65. logger.info(

66. "Not worth reducing image %d <= %d.", free_size, reserved_size)

67. else:

68. size -= free_size

69. size += reserved_size

70. if reserved_size == 0:

71. # add .3% margin

72. size = size * 1003 // 1000

73. # Use a minimum size, otherwise we will fail to calculate an AVB footer

74. # or fail to construct an ext4 image.

75. size = max(size, 256 * 1024)

76. if block_size <= 4096:

77. size = common.RoundUpTo4K(size)

78. else:

79. size = ((size + block_size - 1) // block_size) * block_size

80. extfs_inode_count = prop_dict["extfs_inode_count"]

81. inodes = int(fs_dict.get("Inode count", extfs_inode_count))

82. inodes -= int(fs_dict.get("Free inodes", "0"))

83. # add .2% margin or 1 inode, whichever is greater

84. spare_inodes = inodes * 2 // 1000

85. min_spare_inodes = 1

86. if spare_inodes < min_spare_inodes:

87. spare_inodes = min_spare_inodes

88. inodes += spare_inodes

89. prop_dict["extfs_inode_count"] = str(inodes)

90. prop_dict["partition_size"] = str(size)

91. logger.info(

92. "Allocating %d Inodes for %s.", inodes, out_file)

93. if verity_image_builder:

94. size = verity_image_builder.CalculateDynamicPartitionSize(size)

95. prop_dict["partition_size"] = str(size)

96. logger.info(

97. "Allocating %d MB for %s.", size // BYTES_IN_MB, out_file)

99. prop_dict["image_size"] = prop_dict["partition_size"]

101. # Adjust the image size to make room for the hashes if this is to be verified.

102. if verity_image_builder:

103. max_image_size = verity_image_builder.CalculateMaxImageSize()

104. prop_dict["image_size"] = str(max_image_size)

106. mkfs_output = BuildImageMkfs(in_dir, prop_dict, out_file, target_out, fs_config)

108. # Check if there's enough headroom space available for ext4 image.

109. if "partition_headroom" in prop_dict and fs_type.startswith("ext4"):

110. CheckHeadroom(mkfs_output, prop_dict)

112. if not fs_spans_partition and verity_image_builder:

113. verity_image_builder.PadSparseImage(out_file)

115. # Create the verified image if this is to be verified.

116. if verity_image_builder:

117. verity_image_builder.Build(out_file)

3.2.4 BuildImageMkfs()

  Android10.0 AOSP的system_image_info.txt中，几个变量如下：

1. ext_mkuserimg=mkuserimg_mke2fs

2. fs_type=ext4

  执行以下命令进行image的打包：

out/host/linux-x86/bin/mkuserimg_mke2fs '/out/soong/.temp/tmpK__WLx' 'out/target/product/generic/obj/PACKAGING/systemimage_intermediates/system.img' 'ext4' '/' '985493504' -j 0 -D 'out/target/product/generic/system' -L '/' -i 3280 -M 0 -c --inode_size 256 out/target/product/generic/obj/ETC/file_contexts.bin_intermediates/file_contexts.bin

1. def BuildImageMkfs(in_dir, prop_dict, out_file, target_out, fs_config):

2. ...

3. build_command = []

4. fs_type = prop_dict.get("fs_type", "")

5. run_e2fsck = False

7. if fs_type.startswith("ext"):

8. build_command = [prop_dict["ext_mkuserimg"]]

9. if "extfs_sparse_flag" in prop_dict:

10. build_command.append(prop_dict["extfs_sparse_flag"])

11. run_e2fsck = True

12. build_command.extend([in_dir, out_file, fs_type,

13. prop_dict["mount_point"]])

14. build_command.append(prop_dict["image_size"])

15. if "journal_size" in prop_dict:

16. build_command.extend(["-j", prop_dict["journal_size"]])

17. if "timestamp" in prop_dict:

18. build_command.extend(["-T", str(prop_dict["timestamp"])])

19. if fs_config:

20. build_command.extend(["-C", fs_config])

21. if target_out:

22. build_command.extend(["-D", target_out])

23. if "block_list" in prop_dict:

24. build_command.extend(["-B", prop_dict["block_list"]])

25. if "base_fs_file" in prop_dict:

26. base_fs_file = ConvertBlockMapToBaseFs(prop_dict["base_fs_file"])

27. build_command.extend(["-d", base_fs_file])

28. build_command.extend(["-L", prop_dict["mount_point"]])

29. if "extfs_inode_count" in prop_dict:

30. build_command.extend(["-i", prop_dict["extfs_inode_count"]])

31. if "extfs_rsv_pct" in prop_dict:

32. build_command.extend(["-M", prop_dict["extfs_rsv_pct"]])

33. if "flash_erase_block_size" in prop_dict:

34. build_command.extend(["-e", prop_dict["flash_erase_block_size"]])

35. if "flash_logical_block_size" in prop_dict:

36. build_command.extend(["-o", prop_dict["flash_logical_block_size"]])

37. # Specify UUID and hash_seed if using mke2fs.

38. if prop_dict["ext_mkuserimg"] == "mkuserimg_mke2fs":

39. if "uuid" in prop_dict:

40. build_command.extend(["-U", prop_dict["uuid"]])

41. if "hash_seed" in prop_dict:

42. build_command.extend(["-S", prop_dict["hash_seed"]])

43. if "ext4_share_dup_blocks" in prop_dict:

44. build_command.append("-c")

45. build_command.extend(["--inode_size", "256"])

46. if "selinux_fc" in prop_dict:

47. build_command.append(prop_dict["selinux_fc"])

48. elif fs_type.startswith("squash"):

49. ...

50. elif fs_type.startswith("f2fs"):

51. ...

52. else:

53. raise BuildImageError(

54. "Error: unknown filesystem type: {}".format(fs_type))

56. try:

57. mkfs_output = common.RunAndCheckOutput(build_command)

58. except:

59. try:

60. du = GetDiskUsage(in_dir)

61. du_str = "{} bytes ({} MB)".format(du, du // BYTES_IN_MB)

62. # Suppress any errors from GetDiskUsage() to avoid hiding the real errors

63. # from common.RunAndCheckOutput().

64. except Exception: # pylint: disable=broad-except

65. logger.exception("Failed to compute disk usage with du")

66. du_str = "unknown"

67. ...

68. raise

70. if run_e2fsck and prop_dict.get("skip_fsck") != "true":

71. unsparse_image = UnsparseImage(out_file, replace=False)

73. # Run e2fsck on the inflated image file

74. e2fsck_command = ["e2fsck", "-f", "-n", unsparse_image]

75. try:

76. common.RunAndCheckOutput(e2fsck_command)

77. finally:

78. os.remove(unsparse_image)

80. return mkfs_output

6.总结

 至此，Android10.0中的image打包过程基本上理清了，过程比较绕，相互依赖比较多，逐层解开后，就比较好理解了。

 接下来我们再一起了解下kati、blueprint、ninja的相关知识，了解一下编译系统具体是怎么玩的。