python 格式化字符串 format() 函数

语法：

通过 {｝和 ：来替代 %

示例：

通过位置

>>> "{} is {} year old!".format("Jacky", 25)
'Jacky is 25 year old!'
>>> "{0} is {1} year old!".format("Jacky", 25)
'Jacky is 25 year old!'
>>> "{1} is {0} year old!".format("Jacky", 25)
'25 is Jacky year old!'

通过关键字

>>> "{name} is {age} year old!".format(name="Jacky", age=25)
'Jacky is 25 year old!'

通过对象属性

>>> class Person:
	def __init__(self, name, age):
		self.name = name
		self.age = age
	def __str__(self):
		return "{self.name} is {self.age} year old!".format(self = self)

	
>>> str(Person("Jacky", 25))
'Jacky is 25 year old!

通过下标

>>> L = ["Jacky", 25]
>>> "{0[0]} is {0[1]} year old!".format(L)
'Jacky is 25 year old!'

格式限定符

>>> "{:>8}".format(2548)
'    2548'
>>> "{:0>8}".format(2548)
'00002548'
>>> "{:*>8}".format(2548)
'****2548'
>>> "{:*^8}".format(2548)
'**2548**'

精度与类型

>>> "{:.2f}".format(3.1415926)
'3.14'

其他类型

>>> "{:b}".format(255) #二进制
'11111111'
>>> "{:d}".format(255) #十进制
'255'
>>> "{:o}".format(255) #八进制
'377'
>>> "{:x}".format(255) #十六进制
'ff'

用，号来做金额的千位分隔符

>>> "{:,}".format(123456789)
'123,456,789'