上一篇Andrid数据库框架——greenDAO(二)对greenDao进行了封装。用起来已经很方便了,还有一个问题就是数据库升级的问题。我们的数据库中的表或者表的字段可能不是一成不变的,数据库的升级也是非常重要的一环。
如果要数据库升级我们只要在build.gradle文件中把版本号改了就可以了
看一下源码:
/** WARNING: Drops all table on Upgrade! Use only during development. */
public static class DevOpenHelper extends OpenHelper {
public DevOpenHelper(Context context, String name) {
super(context, name);
}
public DevOpenHelper(Context context, String name, CursorFactory factory) {
super(context, name, factory);
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(Database db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
Log.i("greenDAO", "Upgrading schema from version " + oldVersion + " to " + newVersion + " by dropping all tables");
dropAllTables(db, true);//删除所有表
onCreate(db);//创建新表
}
}
这种方式升级的方式是:先删除数据库中所有的表,然后创建新的表。意思就是我们以前的数据都没有了得重新开始。如果我们队以前数据要求不高的话可以这样。但更多时候我们需要保存用户的数据升级完之后再还原。所以我们就得重写这个onUpgrade方法了。
先建个临时表保存数据,在创建新表,然后把数据移到新表,最后删除临时表。思路还是挺清晰的 做起来就比较麻烦了
下面的升级方法是在网上寻找的方法已测试没问题:
收先建一个类集成自动生成的代码中的DaoMaster.OpenHelper
package com.chs.greendaotext;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import com.chs.greendaotext.db.CarDao;
import com.chs.greendaotext.db.DaoMaster;
import com.chs.greendaotext.db.NoteDao;
import org.greenrobot.greendao.database.Database;
/**
* 类名:HMROpenHelper
* 类描述:用于数据库升级的工具类
*/
public class MyOpenHelper extends DaoMaster.OpenHelper {
public MyOpenHelper(Context context, String name, SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory) {
super(context, name, factory);
}
/**
* 数据库升级
* @param db
* @param oldVersion
* @param newVersion
*/
@Override
public void onUpgrade(Database db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
//操作数据库的更新 有几个表升级都可以传入到下面
MigrationHelper.migrate(db,NoteDao.class, CarDao.class);
}
}
然后我们把以前用到DaoMaster.OpenHelper的地方改成MyOpenHelper
关键就是onUpgrade中的MigrationHelper了
package com.chs.greendaotext;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import org.greenrobot.greendao.AbstractDao;
import org.greenrobot.greendao.database.Database;
import org.greenrobot.greendao.internal.DaoConfig;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 类名:MigrationHelper
* 类描述:用于数据库升级的工具类
*/
public class MigrationHelper {
/**
* 调用升级方法
* @param db
* @param daoClasses 一系列dao.class
*/
public static void migrate(Database db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
//1 新建临时表
generateTempTables(db, daoClasses);
//2 创建新表
createAllTables(db, false, daoClasses);
//3 临时表数据写入新表,删除临时表
restoreData(db, daoClasses);
}
/**
* 生成临时表,存储旧的表数据
* @param db
* @param daoClasses
*/
private static void generateTempTables(Database db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
for (int i=0;i<daoClasses.length;i++){
DaoConfig daoConfig = new DaoConfig(db,daoClasses[i]);
String tableName = daoConfig.tablename;
if (!checkTable(db,tableName))
continue;
String tempTableName = daoConfig.tablename.concat("_TEMP");
StringBuilder insertTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
insertTableStringBuilder.append("alter table ")
.append(tableName)
.append(" rename to ")
.append(tempTableName)
.append(";");
db.execSQL(insertTableStringBuilder.toString());
}
}
/**
* 检测table是否存在
* @param db
* @param tableName
*/
private static Boolean checkTable(Database db,String tableName){
StringBuilder query = new StringBuilder();
query.append("SELECT count(*) FROM sqlite_master WHERE type='table' AND name='").append(tableName).append("'");
Cursor c = db.rawQuery(query.toString(), null);
if (c.moveToNext()){
int count = c.getInt(0);
if(count>0){
return true;
}
return false;
}
return false;
}
/**
* 删除所有旧表
* @param db
* @param ifExists
* @param daoClasses
*/
private static void dropAllTables(Database db, boolean ifExists, @NonNull Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
reflectMethod(db, "dropTable", ifExists, daoClasses);
}
/**
* 创建新的表结构
* @param db
* @param ifNotExists
* @param daoClasses
*/
private static void createAllTables(Database db, boolean ifNotExists, @NonNull Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
reflectMethod(db, "createTable", ifNotExists, daoClasses);
}
/**
* 创建根删除都在NoteDao声明了,可以直接拿过来用
* dao class already define the sql exec method, so just invoke it
*/
private static void reflectMethod(Database db, String methodName, boolean isExists, @NonNull Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
if (daoClasses.length < 1) {
return;
}
try {
for (Class cls : daoClasses) {
//根据方法名,找到声明的方法
Method method = cls.getDeclaredMethod(methodName, Database.class, boolean.class);
method.invoke(null, db, isExists);
}
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 临时表的数据写入新表
* @param db
* @param daoClasses
*/
private static void restoreData(Database db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
for (int i = 0; i < daoClasses.length; i++) {
DaoConfig daoConfig = new DaoConfig(db, daoClasses[i]);
String tableName = daoConfig.tablename;
String tempTableName = daoConfig.tablename.concat("_TEMP");
if (!checkTable(db,tempTableName))
continue;
// get all columns from tempTable, take careful to use the columns list
List<String> columns = getColumns(db, tempTableName);
//新表,临时表都包含的字段
ArrayList<String> properties = new ArrayList<>(columns.size());
for (int j = 0; j < daoConfig.properties.length; j++) {
String columnName = daoConfig.properties[j].columnName;
if (columns.contains(columnName)) {
properties.add(columnName);
}
}
if (properties.size() > 0) {
final String columnSQL = TextUtils.join(",", properties);
StringBuilder insertTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
insertTableStringBuilder.append("INSERT INTO ").append(tableName).append(" (");
insertTableStringBuilder.append(columnSQL);
insertTableStringBuilder.append(") SELECT ");
insertTableStringBuilder.append(columnSQL);
insertTableStringBuilder.append(" FROM ").append(tempTableName).append(";");
db.execSQL(insertTableStringBuilder.toString());
}
StringBuilder dropTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
dropTableStringBuilder.append("DROP TABLE ").append(tempTableName);
db.execSQL(dropTableStringBuilder.toString());
}
}
private static List<String> getColumns(Database db, String tableName) {
List<String> columns = null;
Cursor cursor = null;
try {
cursor = db.rawQuery("SELECT * FROM " + tableName + " limit 0", null);
if (null != cursor && cursor.getColumnCount() > 0) {
columns = Arrays.asList(cursor.getColumnNames());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (cursor != null)
cursor.close();
if (null == columns)
columns = new ArrayList<>();
}
return columns;
}
}
OK 然后我们在去配置文件中更改版本 升级之后原来的数据就不会丢失了。