在开发中经常会使用Spring的@Autowired来实现对象的自动注入,但是在最近的开发中在多线程中用Spring的@Autowired来自动注入时总是注入不进去,代码如下:
package com.common.base.utils.SpringUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
public class ThreadRunner implements Runnable{
@Autowired
private ServiceBean serviceBean;
private static AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger(0);
@Override
public void run(){
if (serviceBean ==null){
return;
}
serviceBean.log();
count.addAndGet(1);
System.out.println("当前线程为:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "count:" + count);
}
public ServiceBean getServiceBean() {
return serviceBean;
}
public void setServiceBean(ServiceBean serviceBean) {
this.serviceBean = serviceBean;
}
}
其中,ServiceBean定义如下:
package com.common.base.utils.SpringUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service("serviceBean")
public class ServiceBean{
public void log(){
System.out.println("this is service bean.");
}
}
只是简单的输出语句。然后在主线程中,启动线程,如下:
package com.common.base.utils.SpringUtils;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath*:Service-*.xml"})
public class SpringMultiThreadTest{
@Test
public void testSpringBean(){
for (int i=0; i<10000000; i++){
new Thread(new ThreadRunner()).start();
}
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
}catch (InterruptedException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
此时,不会有打印信息,serviceBean为空。
原因:在主线程中使用了:
new ThreadRunner()
新建了一个实例,并不在Spring容器中,也就没法获得Spring中的bean。
解决办法:
1、将ThreadRunner类也作为一个bean注入到spring容器中,如下:
package com.common.base.utils.SpringUtils;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath*:Service-*.xml"})
public class SpringMultiThreadTest{
@Autowired
private ThreadRunner threadRunner;
@Test
public void testSpringBean(){
for (int i=0; i<10000000; i++){
new Thread(threadRunner).start();
}
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
}catch (InterruptedException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
问题解决。
2、使用Spring手动获得ServiceBean,首先写一个手动获得Spring bean的工具类:
package com.common.base.utils.SpringUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
/**
* 直接通过Spring 上下文获取SpringBean,用于多线程环境
* by jingquan @20160405
*/
public class SpringBeanUtil implements ApplicationContextAware{
private static ApplicationContext applicationContext = null;
@Override
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
SpringBeanUtil.applicationContext = applicationContext;
}
public static Object getBeanByName(String beanName) {
if (applicationContext == null){
return null;
}
return applicationContext.getBean(beanName);
}
public static <T> T getBean(Class<T> type) {
return applicationContext.getBean(type);
}
}
然后在ThreadRunner类中不自动获取,而是手动获取,代码如下:
package com.common.base.utils.SpringUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
public class ThreadRunner implements Runnable{
private ServiceBean serviceBean;
private static AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger(0);
public ThreadRunner(){
this.serviceBean = (ServiceBean)SpringBeanUtil.getBeanByName("serviceBean");
}
@Override
public void run(){
if (serviceBean ==null){
return;
}
serviceBean.log();
count.addAndGet(1);
System.out.println("当前线程为:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "count:" + count);
}
public ServiceBean getServiceBean() {
return serviceBean;
}
public void setServiceBean(ServiceBean serviceBean) {
this.serviceBean = serviceBean;
}
}
问题解决。