Netty 实现TCP群聊系统

好久没写博客了，2020第一篇博客！

• Netty 我这边就不多加说明了，同步非阻塞典型的NIO架构
• 不过Netty在原有的NIO基础上进行了封装，操作更加简便。
• Selector Channel Buffer 这些组件概念我也不去啰嗦。
• 单Selector 单线程，单Selector多线程，主从Selector多线程 为什么说这一点，因为Netty就是根据主从Selector多线程演变过来的。

我上面这些 这些关键字我这边不做阐述，怕啰嗦…

上代码

• Netty 服务器端

/**
 *
 *  基于Netty 实现 http 服务器
 */
public class NettyChatServer {


    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup  = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {
            ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();


            serverBootstrap
                    .group(bossGroup,workerGroup)
                    //设置线程连接个数
                    .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG,128)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    // 连接处于活动状态
                    .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE,true)
                    .childHandler(new NettyChatInitializer());
            ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(6863).sync();

            //添加监听器
            channelFuture.addListener(future -> {
                if (channelFuture.isSuccess()) {
                    System.out.println("服务器启动成功！连接为：tcp://"+channelFuture.channel().localAddress());
                }

            });

            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        }finally {
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();

        }

    }

• 服务器端Handler

public class NettyChatInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
    //存储该 初始化Channel 用余每次发送群聊消息
    public static final List<SocketChannel> socketChannels = new LinkedList<>();

    @Override
    protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
        // ch 类型是 NioSocketChannel
        socketChannels.add(ch);
        ch.pipeline().addLast(new NettyChatHandler());


    }

• Netty服务器端Handler

public class NettyChatHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object> {

    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
        //System.out.println("客户端消息为："+((ByteBuf) msg).toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
        String mesStr = ((ByteBuf) msg).toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8);
        // 进行群发路由 这个 channel 就是 NioSocketChannel
        Channel channel = ctx.channel();
        NettyChatInitializer.socketChannels.forEach(socketChannel -> {
            if ( socketChannel instanceof Channel && socketChannel != channel){
                socketChannel.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer(channel.remoteAddress()+": "+mesStr,CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
            }
        });
       /* ByteBuf byteBuf = Unpooled.copiedBuffer("我知道了 我是服务器", CharsetUtil.UTF_8);
        ctx.writeAndFlush(byteBuf);*/
    }


    @Override
    public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        NettyChatInitializer.socketChannels.remove(ctx.channel());
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        System.err.println("异常产生："+cause.getMessage());
        NettyChatInitializer.socketChannels.remove(ctx.channel());
        ctx.close();
    }

• 客户端

public class NettyChatClient {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        EventLoopGroup clientGroups = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);

        try {
            Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
            bootstrap.group(clientGroups)
                       .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                        .handler(new NettyChatClientInitializer());

            ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.connect("127.0.0.1", 6863).sync();

            channelFuture.addListener(future -> {
                if (future.isSuccess()) {
                    System.out.println("客户端启动成功 " + channelFuture.channel().localAddress());
                }


            });

            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();

        }finally {
            clientGroups.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }

}

• 客户端Handler

public class NettyChatClientInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {

    @Override
    protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
        ch.pipeline().addLast(new NettyChatClientHandler());


    }

• 客户端Handler

public class NettyChatClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object> {

    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
        System.out.println(((ByteBuf) msg).toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));

    }

    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        ByteBuf byteBuf = Unpooled.copiedBuffer("我知道了1", CharsetUtil.UTF_8);
        ctx.writeAndFlush(byteBuf);
        new Thread(()->{
            Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
            while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
                ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer(scanner.nextLine(),CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
            }
        }).start();
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        System.err.println("异常产生："+cause.getMessage());
        ctx.close();
    }

说明：

1. 以上代码就是基于Netty的TCP网络编程的范本，学习Netty可以用来参考。