Linux学习笔记之一 ---Shell语法（2）

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-16 22:25:37 发布

mjesse88

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-16 22:25:37 发布

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首先说明一个跟变量比较相关的问题：

eg：
	read readTest
	if [  $readTest = "yes" ]

如果用户直接回车，将会报错可能是[: =: Unary operator expected 这是为什么呢，因为对对readTest进行比较时，它是一个空值

从而出现 if [ = "yes" ] 这不是个合法的条件，好方法就是

if [ "$readTest" = "yes" ]
//这样就算是空字符串，也是合法的了
if [ "" = "yes" ]

继续记录跟shell语法相关的

2.4 控制语句、

3）for语句

for variable in values

statements

done

eg：

#!/bin/sh
for boo in bar fud 43
do
	echo $boo
done
exit0

这样将输出 bar fud 43

4） while 语句

while condition

statements

done

eg：

#!/bin/sh
echo "Enter password"
read trythis

while [ "$trythis" != "secret" ]; do
	echo "Sorry, try again"
	read trythis
done

echo "password is correct"
exit 0

5）until 语句

until condition
do
statements
done

eg：

#!/bin/sh

until who | grep "$1" >/tmp/null
do
	sleep 60
done

#now ring the bell and announce the expected user
echo -e '\a'
echo "*********$1 has juse logged in ********"
exit 0

6) case 语句

case variable in
pattern [ |pattern] ...) statements;;
pattern [ |pattern] ...) statements;;
....
esac

eg1：

#!/bin/sh
echo "Is it morning? Please anser yes or no"
read timeofday

case "$timeofday" in
	yes) echo "Good Morning";;
	no ) echo "Good Afternoon";;
	y  ) echo "Good Morning";;
	*  ) echo "sorry, anser not recognized";;
	
esac
exit 0

eg2

#!/bin/sh
echo "Is it morning? Please anser yes or no"
read timeofday

case "$timeofday" in
	yes | y | Yes | YES ) echo "Good Morning";;
	n*  |N*)			  echo "Good Afternoon";;
esac

exit 0

2.5 函数

function_name () {
statements
}

eg1：

#!/bin/sh

foo() {
 echo "Function foo is executing"
}

echo "scripot starting"
foo
echo "scripot ended"

exit 0

eg2: 从函数中返回一个值

#!bin/sh

yes_or_no() {
	echo "Is your name $* ?"
	while true
	do
		echo -n "Enter yes or no:"
		read X
		case "$X" in
		y | yes ) return 0;;
		n | no  ) return 1;;
		*		) echo "Anser yes or no";;
		esac
	done
}

echo "Original parameters are $*"

if yes_or_no "$1"
then
	echo "Hi $1, nice name"
else
	echo "Nerver mind"
fi

exit 0

$./my_name Rick Neil
Original parameters are Rick Neil
Is your name Rick?
Enter yes or no: yes
Hi Rick,nice name

本次记录结束，下次继续记录Linux shell语法之命令