目录
memcpy使用和模拟实现
• 函数memcpy从source的位置开始向后复制num个字节的数据到destination指向的内存位置。• 这个函数在遇到 '\0' 的时候并不会停下来。• 如果source和destination有任何的重叠,复制的结果都是未定义的。#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main() { int arr1[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 }; int arr2[10] = { 0 }; memcpy(arr2, arr1, 20); int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) { printf("%d ", arr2[i]); } return 0; }
对于重叠的内存,交给memmove来处理。memcpy函数的模拟实现:void* memcpy ( void* dst, const void* src, size_t count) { void* ret = dst; assert(dst&&src); while (count--) { *(char*)dst = *(char*)src; dst = (char*)dst + 1; src = (char*)src + 1; } return (ret); }
memmove使用和模拟实现
• 和memcpy的差别就是memmove函数处理的源内存块和⽬标内存块是可以重叠的。• 如果源空间和⽬标空间出现重叠,就得使⽤memmove函数处理。#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main() { int arr1[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 }; memmove(arr1 + 2, arr1, 20); int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) { printf("%d ", arr1[i]); } return 0; }
memmove的模拟实现:void* memmove ( void* dst, const void* src, size_t count) { void* ret = dst; if (dst <= src || (char*)dst >= ((char*)src + count)) { while (count--) { *(char*)dst = *(char*)src; dst = (char*)dst + 1; src = (char*)src + 1; } } else { dst = (char*)dst + count - 1; src = (char*)src + count - 1; while (count--) { *(char*)dst = *(char*)src; dst = (char*)dst - 1; src = (char*)src - 1; } } return (ret); }
memset函数的使用
memset是⽤来设置内存的,将内存中的值以字节为单位设置成想要的内容#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main () { char str[] = "hello world"; memset (str, 'x', 6); printf(str); return 0; }
输出的结果是:
xxxxxxworld
memcmp函数的使用
• 比较从ptr1和ptr2指针指向的位置开始,向后的num个字节• 返回值(见上图Retrun Value)#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main() { char buffer1[] = "DWgaOtP12df0"; char buffer2[] = "DWGAOTP12DF0"; int n; n = memcmp(buffer1, buffer2, sizeof(buffer1)); if (n > 0) printf("'%s' is greater than '%s'.\n", buffer1, buffer2); else if (n < 0) printf("'%s' is less than '%s'.\n", buffer1, buffer2); else printf("'%s' is the same as '%s'.\n", buffer1, buffer2); return 0; }