SSM整合记录

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SSM整合案例

前言

首先，我们需要了解的前置知识，必须是学完了Spring，SpringMVC，MyBatis之后。因为SSM（Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis）

回顾：

• Spring：业务层框架，主要是完成对象的创建与管理
• SpringMVC：表现层框架，主要是替换原来的Servlet，转发请求
• MyBatis：著名持久层框架，事业服务与数据库之间的联系
  

一、环境准备

如果是构建的是Maven项目，则需要引入如下的依赖，如果是构建的Web项目，则需要引入jar包：

1.1、构建maven/Dynamic Web项目

构建一个Maven项目

或者构建一个Web项目

1.2、引入依赖/jar包

【版本对应】

MyBatis-Spring的官网对SSM整合的版本对应有了明确的说明，如下图：

【pom.xml】

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.wei</groupId>
    <artifactId>SSMBuilder</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>SSMBuilder</name>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <junit.version>5.8.2</junit.version>
        <spring.version>5.2.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <mysql.version>8.0.28</mysql.version>
        <mybatis.version>3.5.5</mybatis.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jakarta.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jakarta.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--数据库驱动 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 数据库连接池:c3p0 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.5</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- pagehelper -->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.github.pagehelper/pagehelper -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
            <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- dbcp的jar包 用于在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
            <version>1.4</version>
        </dependency>


        <!--Servlet、jsp-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- log4j -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>


        <!--Mybatis -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Mybatis-Spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.5</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Spring操作数据库,还需要spring-jdbc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- aspectj -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--lombok -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.12</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.3.2</version>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

【导入所需要的Jar包】

1.3、创建数据库

创建一张用户表，用于演示用户管理系统的用户模块

CREATE TABLE `ssmbuilde`.`book`(  
 `book_Id` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书本编号',
 `book_Name` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
 `price` float(11,2) NOT NULL COMMENT '单价',
  PRIMARY KEY (`book_Id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_general_ci;

二、项目搭建

2.1、创建MVC三层架构

pojo（实体类）、mapper/mapper.xml（ORM映射）、Service/ServiceImpl（业务层）、Controller（控制层）

三、项目整合

3.1、配置Web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee/web-app_5_0.xsd"
         version="5.0">
    <!-- 注册监听器ContextLoaderListener -->
    <context-param>
        <!--contextConfigLocation:表示配置文件位置路径的属性 -->
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <!--指定配置文件路径 -->
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!--注册声明过滤器，解决post请求乱码问题 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <!--指定字符集 -->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--强制request使用字符集encoding -->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--强制response使用字符集encoding -->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <!--/*:表示强制所有请求先通过过滤器处理 -->
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--项目启动后，实例化spring容器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!--配置前端控制器 -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!-- 加载springmvc的容器核心文件 -->
        <init-param>
            <!--springmvc配置文件的位置路径的属性 -->
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <!--指定文件路径 -->
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--load-on-startup:表示tomcat启动是创建对象的顺序，数值越小，越早创建 -->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <!-- 配置映射的路径 -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <!--使用斜杠"/" 原理：代替tomcat中的default，导致所有静态资源都交给DispatcherServlet处理， 默认情况下DispatcherServlet没有处理静态资源的能力，没有控制器对象能处理静态资源的访问，
            所以访问静态资源(html,js,图片,css)请求都是404 -->
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

注意顺序，先是过滤器、监听器、Servlet。同时在写完web.xml的时侯，还需要再资源目录（resources）下创建applicationContext.xml和Spring-MVC.xml的文件

3.2、配置applicationContext.xml

用于整合Spring、以及MyBatis的配置文件，包含了MyBatis的配置文件以及事物的相关操作

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <!--1、dao-->
    <!--在Spring容器的配置文件中加载属性文件-->
 <!--关联数据库-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
    <!--连接池-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close" scope="singleton">
        <!-- 配置连接池属性 -->
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    </bean>
    <!--mybatis spring整合-->
    <!--声明mybatis中提供的SqlSessionFactoryBean对象,这个类内部创建SqlSessionFactory的-->
    <!--配置session工厂,SqlSessionFactoryBean:配置映射文件的bean,在mybatis-spring.jar中-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!--注入数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!--注入mybatis全局配置文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!--mapper动态代理，加载mybatis映射文件-->
    <!--创建dao对象，使用SqlSession的getMapper()方法
        mapperScannerConfigurer:在内部调用getMapper()生成每个dao接口的代理对象。
    -->
    <bean id="mapperScannerConfigurer" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!--指定sqlSessionFactory对象的id-->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!--注入sql映射文件包扫描器-->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.wei.mapper"/>
    </bean>

    <!--2、service-->
    <!--@service注解扫描器-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.wei.service"/>

    <!--3、transaction-->
    <!--声明事务管理器-->
    <bean id="dataSourceTransactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!--注入数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置AOP通知-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="dataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!--配置事务属性-->
        <tx:attributes>
            <!--添加事务管理的方法-->
            <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="append*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="modify*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="edit*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="remove*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="repair" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="get*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="find*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="load*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="search*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true"/>
            <!--SUPPORTS:有没有事务都可以-->
            <tx:method name="select*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!--配置AOP切面-->
    <aop:config>
        <!--配置切入点，指定那些类需要使用事务-->
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut="execution(* *..service..*.*(..))"/>
    </aop:config>
</beans>

3.3、配置Spring-MVC.xml

配置SpringMVC的配置文件，主要是视图解析器，静态资源以及注解驱动开启

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
   https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!--静态资源过滤-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <!--扫描包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.wei.controller"/>
    <!--视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

3.4、配置MyBatis

整合MyBatis时候，不需要再设置数据源，数据源将在Spring里完成，Mybatis的配置文件只需要设置别名（typealiases、日志以及驼峰命名转化），以及扫描的包。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--核心配置文件-->
<configuration>
    <settings>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
        <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true" />
        <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="false"/>
    </settings>
    <!--设置别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <!--扫描一个包-->
        <package name="com.wei.pojo"></package>
    </typeAliases>
</configuration>

【db.preperties】

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=UTC
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

四、编写前端

省略。。。

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>首页查询</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1">
    <thead>
    <tr>
        <th>编号</th>
        <th>书名</th>
        <th>价格</th>
        <th>操作</th>
    </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
    <c:forEach items='${bookList}' var="books">
        <tr>
            <td>${books.bookId }</td>
            <td>${books.bookName }</td>
            <td>${books.price }</td>
            <td>
                <div>
                    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/ssm/add">添加书本</a>
                    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/ssm/update?book_Id=${books.bookId}">添加书本</a>
                    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/ssm/delete?book_Id=${books.bookId}" id="delBtn">删除书本</a>
                </div>
            </td>
        </tr>
    </c:forEach>
    </tbody>
</table>

</body>
</html>