Java基础Demo -- Annotation注解

注解小示例，主要讲解7种方法的用法：

返回值	方法	说明
boolean	isAnnotationPresent(MyAnno.class)	钉点上是否有该注解
MyAnno	getAnnotation(MyAnno.class)	获取某注解
Annotation[ ]	getAnnotations()	返回所有注解
MyAnno[ ]	getAnnotationsByType(MyAnno.class)	获取jdk8的重复注解 兼容getAnnotation

抛开@Inherited继承性，直接钉点上就出现的注解（getDeclare*的若干方法）
MyAnno	getDeclaredAnnotation(MyAnno.class)
Annotation[ ]	getDeclaredAnnotations()
MyAnno[ ]	getDeclaredAnnotationsByType(MyAnno.class)

import java.lang.reflect.*;
import java.lang.annotation.*;

//源码阶段的注解
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
@interface Becareful{
	int message();
}

//编译阶段的注解
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.CLASS)
@interface What{
	String description();
}

//运行阶段的注解：空注解：也即标记注解
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface Id{}

//运行阶段的注解：单属性注解
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface Singleton{
	String value() default "singleton";
}

//运行阶段的注解：多属性注解,有的属性携带默认值
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface MyAnno{
	String str() default "12345";
	int val();
}


//运行阶段的注解：
//钉在类上的注解：
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface ClassAnno{
	String classanno() default "classanno";
}

//运行阶段的注解：
//钉在父类上的注解：
@Inherited
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface ParentAnno{
	String parent() default "parent";
}


//容器
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface Persons {
    Person[] value();
}

//容器内的属性数组,数组中的每个元素也是注解
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Repeatable(Persons.class)
@interface Person{
    char value() ;
}

//父类上的容器
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface Fathers {
    Father[] value();
}

//父类上的容器内的属性数组,数组中的每个元素也是注解
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Repeatable(Fathers.class)
@interface Father{
    String father() default "";
}


@ParentAnno
@Father(father="father1")
@Father(father="father2")
class Parent //父类上的注解被子类继承
{
}

@ClassAnno
@Person('A')
@Person('B')
public class ChildAnnotationTest extends Parent
{
	@Id
	private int id;

	@Singleton
	private static ChildAnnotationTest instance = new ChildAnnotationTest();

	@Person('男')
	@Person('女')
	private char sex;

	public void testIsAnnotationPresent(){
		try{
		Class<?> clazz = ChildAnnotationTest.class ;
		System.out.println( clazz.getDeclaredField("id").isAnnotationPresent(Id.class) );
		System.out.println("clazz.getDeclaredField( id ).isAnnotationPresent(Id.class)\r\n");
		}catch(Exception e){}
	}

	public void testGetAnnotations(){
		try{
		Class<?> clazz = ChildAnnotationTest.class ;
		Annotation[] annos = clazz.getAnnotations() ;
		for(Annotation anno : annos)
			System.out.println( anno );
		System.out.println("clazz.getAnnotations()\r\n");
		}catch(Exception e){}
	}

	public void testGetDeclaredAnnotations(){
		try{
		Class<?> clazz = ChildAnnotationTest.class ;
		Annotation[] annos = clazz.getDeclaredAnnotations() ;
		for(Annotation anno : annos)
			System.out.println( anno );
		System.out.println("clazz.getDeclaredAnnotations()\r\n");
		}catch(Exception e){}
	}

	public void testGetAnnotation(){
		try{
		Class<?> clazz = ChildAnnotationTest.class ;
		System.out.println( clazz.getDeclaredField("instance").getAnnotation(Singleton.class) );
		System.out.println("clazz.getDeclaredField( instance ).getAnnotation(Singleton.class)\r\n");
		}catch(Exception e){}
	}

	public void testGetAnnotationsByType(){
		try{
		Class<?> clazz = ChildAnnotationTest.class ;
		Field f = clazz.getDeclaredField("sex");
		Person[] annos = f.getAnnotationsByType(Person.class);
		for(Person anno : annos)
			System.out.println( anno.value() );
		System.out.println("clazz.getDeclaredField( sex ).getAnnotationsByType(Persons.class)\r\n");
		}catch(Exception e){}
	}

	public void testGetDeclaredAnnotation(){
		try{
		Class<?> clazz = ChildAnnotationTest.class ;
		System.out.println( clazz.getDeclaredAnnotation(ParentAnno.class) );
		System.out.println("clazz.getDeclaredAnnotation(ParentAnno.class)\r\n");
		}catch(Exception e){}
	}

	public void testGetDeclaredAnnotationsByType(){
		try{
		Class<?> clazz = ChildAnnotationTest.class ;
		Father[] annos = clazz.getDeclaredAnnotationsByType(Father.class) ;
		for(Father anno : annos)
			System.out.println( anno );
		System.out.println("clazz.getDeclaredAnnotationsByType(Father.class)........empty!!!\r\n");
		Person[] as = clazz.getDeclaredAnnotationsByType(Person.class) ;
		for(Person anno : as)
			System.out.println( anno );
		System.out.println("clazz.getDeclaredAnnotationsByType(Person.class)\r\n");

		}catch(Exception e){}
	}

	public static void main(String[] args){
		
		ChildAnnotationTest child = new ChildAnnotationTest();
		try{
			Class<?> clazz = ChildAnnotationTest.class ;
			Method[] mtds = clazz.getDeclaredMethods();

			for(Method m : mtds){
				if(m.getName().equals("main")) continue;
				m.invoke(child);
			}
		}catch(Exception e){ 
			e.printStackTrace() ; 
		}
	}
}