简单的 OpenGL 应用程序

from : http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_5f0d72800100i0wb.html

原型为 glTexCoord2f(GLfloat s, GLfloat t)

　　s和t 代表坐标 s为 X轴坐标，t为Y轴坐标

　　用于绘制图形时指定纹理的坐标

　　第一个参数是X坐标，0.0是纹理的左侧，0.5是纹理的中点，1.0是纹理的右侧。第二个参数是Y坐标，0.0是纹理的底部，0.5是纹理的中点，1.0是纹理的顶部。

　　为了将纹理正确的映射到四边形上，您必须将纹理的右上角映射到四边形的右上角，纹理的左上角映射到四边形的左上角，纹理的右下角映射到四边形的右下角，纹理的左下角映射到四边形的左下角。如果映射错误的话，图像显示时可能上下颠倒，侧向一边或者什么都不是。

举例

　　纹理的左上坐标是X：0.0，Y：1.0f，四边形的左上顶点是X：-1.0，Y：1.0。其余三点依此类推。下面是一个具体的例子。

　　glTexCoord2f( 0.0, 0.0 ); glVertex3f( -1.0, -1.0, 1.0 );

　　glTexCoord2f( 1.0, 0.0 ); glVertex3f( 1.0, -1.0, 1.0 );

　　glTexCoord2f( 1.0, 1.0 ); glVertex3f( 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 );

　　glTexCoord2f( 0.0, 1.0 ); glVertex3f( -1.0, 1.0, 1.0 );

OpenGL默认坐标系：

我们再看一下glVertex*指定顶点的代码：

glVertex3f(-0.5,　-0.5,　0.0);
glVertex3f(0.5,　-0.5,　0.0);
glVertex3f(0.5,　0.5,　0.0);
glVertex3f(-0.5,　0.5,　0.0);

　   为什么上述就指定了一个矩形的四个顶点呢？需要说明的是，在OpenGL中默认坐标体系与Windows 中常用的不同，Windows中常用的坐标体系（仅2D）是用户区的左上角为坐标原点，即(0.0,0.0)点，右为坐标轴的X轴正方向，下为Y轴正方向，OpenGL中的坐标轴（3D）默认以客户区中心点为坐标原点（0.0,0.0,0.0），右为坐标轴的X轴正方向，上为Y轴正方向，垂直指出屏幕的方向为Z轴正方向。长度定义是将客户区范围为按单位长度定义，即整个客户区恰好是(-1,-1)（左下）到(1,1)（右上）。因此以上述四个点为顶点的矩形刚好在窗口的正中间，占据窗口的 1/4 。

glVertex3f(-0.5,　-0.5,　0.0);
glVertex3f(0.5,　-0.5,　0.0);
glVertex3f(0.5,　0.5,　0.0);
glVertex3f(-0.5,　0.5,　0.0);

以上述四个点为顶点的矩形刚好充满了整个窗口。

 

一、画一个正方形

#include <GL/glut.h>
#include <gl/gl.h>

void  display()
{
     glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);
     glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

     glColor4f(1.0,0.0,0.0,1.0);     // set the quad color
     glBegin(GL_QUADS);
         glVertex3f(-0.5,-0.5,0.0);
         glVertex3f(0.5,-0.5,0.0);
         glVertex3f(0.5,0.5,0.0);
         glVertex3f(-0.5,0.5,0.0);
    glEnd();
    glFlush();
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
     glutInit(&argc, argv);
     glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB | GLUT_SINGLE);
     glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100);
     glutInitWindowSize(400, 400);
     glutCreateWindow("第一个OpenGL程序");
     glutDisplayFunc(display);
     glutMainLoop();
     return 0;

}

 

二、画四个顶点并且可以设定顶点的大小

#include <GL/glut.h>
#include <gl/gl.h>

void  display()
{
      glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);
      glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

      glColor4f(1.0,0.0,0.0,1.0);   // set the point color
      glPointSize(10);
      glBegin(GL_POINTS);
          glVertex3f(-0.5,-0.5,0.0);
          glVertex3f(0.5,-0.5,0.0);
          glVertex3f(0.5,0.5,0.0);
          glVertex3f(-0.5,0.5,0.0);
     glEnd();
     glFlush();
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
     glutInit(&argc, argv);
     glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB | GLUT_SINGLE);
     glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100);
     glutInitWindowSize(400, 400);
     glutCreateWindow("第一个OpenGL程序");
     glutDisplayFunc(display);
     glutMainLoop();
     return 0;

}

 

三、画两条平行的直线，并用glLineWidth将直线宽度设置为5

#include <GL/glut.h>
#include <gl/gl.h>

void  display()
{
      glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);
      glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

      glColor4f(1.0,0.0,0.0,1.0); // set the line color
      glLineWidth(5);
      glBegin(GL_LINES);
            glVertex3f(-0.5,-0.5,0.0);
            glVertex3f(0.5,-0.5,0.0);
            glVertex3f(0.5,0.5,0.0);
            glVertex3f(-0.5,0.5,0.0);
      glEnd();
      glFlush();
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
      glutInit(&argc, argv);
      glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB | GLUT_SINGLE);
      glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100);
      glutInitWindowSize(400, 400);
      glutCreateWindow("第一个OpenGL程序");
      glutDisplayFunc(display);
      glutMainLoop();
      return 0;

}