Dubbo简介
Apache Dubbo是一款高性能、轻量级的开源Java RPC框架,它提供三大核心功能:面向接口的远程方法调用,智能容错和负载均衡,以及服务的注册和发现。
Dubbo架构图
Dubbo将应用分为注册中心、服务提供者、服务消费者、Dubbo容器、监控中心五大角色。Dubbo框架启动,容器将启动,服务提供者执行初始化,提供者将服务注册到注册中心。服务消费者从服务注册中心订阅所需服务。当服务发生变更时,注册中心会将服务信息推送给服务消费者。消费者通过注册中心拿到服务信息,可以同步调用相关服务。服务的调用信息会定时发送到监控中心。
Dubbo注册中心
支持多种注册中心。支持使用Zookeeper、Nacos、Redis等多种方式作为注册中心,但建议使用Zookeeper作为注册服务器。这里需要安装Zookeeper服务。
参考链接:https://blog.csdn.net/mo_2417909243/article/details/101909814
搭建Dubbo监控中心
1.下载监控中心
下载地址:https://github.com/apache/dubbo-admin/tree/master
2.打包
将项目解压后,进入项目文件夹,执行以下maven命令,将项目打成jar包。
mvn clean package
cmd可以看到打包成功信息。
在工程下会生成一个target文件夹,在文件夹下可以看到生成的jar包。
3.运行jar包
在安装好java环境的机器上,执行如下命令:
java -jar dubbo-admin-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
服务启动信息
浏览器访问7001端口。
编写Dubbo工程
1.创建一个maven工程,创建三个子模块。
dubbo-api是应用的公共模块,包含相关java bean和应用所用接口。dubbo-provider是服务的提供者,dubbo-consumer是服务的消费者。
2.定义公共模块
创建一个UserAddress java bean
package com.gmail.bean;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* UserAddress class
* @author mofengyu
*
* @date 2019/10/4
*/
public class UserAddress implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
/**
* 用户地址
*/
private String userAddress;
/**
* 用户id
*/
private String userId;
/**
*收货人
*/
private String consignee;
/**
* 电话号码
*/
private String phoneNum;
/**
* 是否为默认地址 Y-是,N-否
*/
private String isDefault;
public UserAddress() {
super();
}
public UserAddress(Integer id, String userAddress, String userId, String consignee, String phoneNum, String isDefault) {
this.id = id;
this.userAddress = userAddress;
this.userId = userId;
this.consignee = consignee;
this.phoneNum = phoneNum;
this.isDefault = isDefault;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUserAddress() {
return userAddress;
}
public void setUserAddress(String userAddress) {
this.userAddress = userAddress;
}
public String getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(String userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public String getConsignee() {
return consignee;
}
public void setConsignee(String consignee) {
this.consignee = consignee;
}
public String getPhoneNum() {
return phoneNum;
}
public void setPhoneNum(String phoneNum) {
this.phoneNum = phoneNum;
}
public String getIsDefault() {
return isDefault;
}
public void setIsDefault(String isDefault) {
this.isDefault = isDefault;
}
}
定义OrderService接口
package com.gmail.service;
/**
* OrderService interface
* @author mofengyu
*
* @date 2019/10/4
*/
public interface OrderService {
/**
* 初始化订单
* @param userId
*/
public void initOrder(String userId);
}
定义UserService接口
package com.gmail.service;
import com.gmail.bean.UserAddress;
import java.util.List;
/**
* UserService interface
*/
public interface UserService {
/**
* 获取用户地址信息
* @param userId
* @return
*/
public List<UserAddress> getUserAddressList(String userId);
}
3.编写服务提供者。
在pom.xml中引入相关依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fengxunxinxi</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/dubbo -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.curator/curator-framework -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
<version>2.12.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.curator/curator-recipes -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
<version>2.12.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
dubbo-api是公共模块,curator-framework和curator-recipes是用来操作zookeeper注册中心的API。
编写UserService实现类UserServiceImpl
package com.gmail.service.impl;
import com.gmail.bean.UserAddress;
import com.gmail.service.UserService;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
//import service.UserService;
/**
* UserServiceImpl class
* @author mofengyu
*
* @date 2019/10/4
*/
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Override
public List<UserAddress> getUserAddressList(String userId) {
UserAddress userAddress1=new UserAddress(1,"湖南省湘潭市","1","a","15573268134","Y");
UserAddress userAddress2=new UserAddress(2,"湖南省长沙市","2","b","15573268134","N");
return Arrays.asList(userAddress1,userAddress2);
}
}
编写Dubbo配置文件provider.xml,配置文件位于src/main/resources。
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<!--指定服务或者应用的名字-->
<dubbo:application name="user-service-provider"></dubbo:application>
<!--指定配置中心的位置-->
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://47.102.222.48:2181"></dubbo:registry>
<!--指定通信协议和端口-->
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880"></dubbo:protocol>
<!--暴露服务,ref:指向服务的真正实现对象-->
<dubbo:service interface="com.gmail.service.UserService" ref="userServiceImpl"></dubbo:service>
<bean id="userServiceImpl" class="com.gmail.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"></bean>
</beans>
创建启动类MainApplaction,在主启动类中加载Spring Ioc容器。
package com.gmail.context;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
/**
* MainApplication class
* @author mofengyu
*
* @date 2019/10/5
*/
public class MainApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ioc=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("provider.xml");
ioc.start();
System.in.read();
}
}
运行主函数,可以在dubbo的控制台看到服务信息。
4.编写服务提供者
在pom.xml中引用相同的依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fengxunxinxi</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/dubbo -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.curator/curator-framework -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
<version>2.12.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.curator/curator-recipes -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
<version>2.12.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
实现OrderService接口
OrderServiceImpl类
package com.gmail.order.impl;
import com.gmail.bean.UserAddress;
import com.gmail.service.OrderService;
import com.gmail.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
/**
* OrderServiceImpl class
* @author mofengyu
*
* @date 2019/10/4
*/
@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {
@Autowired
UserService userService;
@Override
public void initOrder(String userId) {
/**
* 查询用户的收货地址
*/
System.out.println("用户id"+userId);
List<UserAddress> addressList=userService.getUserAddressList(userId);
for (UserAddress userAddress:addressList){
System.out.println(userAddress.getUserAddress());
}
}
}
消费者配置文件consumer.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--扫描com.gmail.order.impl包,加入ioc容器-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.gmail.order.impl"></context:component-scan>
<!--应用ming-->
<dubbo:application name="order-service-consumer"/>
<!-- 配置中心的通信协议以及ip和端口 -->
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://47.102.222.48:2181"/>
<!--调用的服务-->
<dubbo:reference id="userService" check="false" interface="com.gmail.service.UserService"/>
</beans>
消费者主启动内MainApplication
package com.gmail.context;
import com.gmail.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MainApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext applicationContext=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("consumer.xml");
OrderService orderService=applicationContext.getBean(OrderService.class);
orderService.initOrder("1");
System.out.println("调用结束");
System.in.read();
}
}
运行消费者主函数
总结
以上实例使用zookeeper+dubbo实现了一个简单的服务管理和服务调用,是一个分布式应用的简单实现。