前言
物联网的IPV6应用是一个趋势,contiki是集成了6lowpan的一个集成开发工具。uip是集成在内部的,支持IPV6以及IPV4,这里先通过IPV4与平台连接建立一个数据通道。后续会跟进IPV6以及6lowpan的应用。而且uip不需要OS支持,以事件驱动的方式编程,占用的RAM以及ROM都符合嵌入式的需求。
之前我们需要了解一些背景知识:
1,http的相关知识
2,yeelink http请求格式分析 (分析很透彻)
3,tcp/ip的连接
4,stm32平台+enc28j60网络模块
5,uip1.0 (contiki里面的uip已经是与6lowpan、ipv6耦合起来了,所以这里选择了uip1.0的版本)uip0.9 refman中文翻译 也是一个不错的博文,让大家更快熟悉uip的编程思想。
移植
这一部分我们会先介绍uip在stm32平台上的移植工作。Enc28j60是带SPI 接口的独立以太网控制器,可以用mcu控制spi来实现tcp/ip数据流的收发,所以要先完成Enc28j60的驱动程序,再整合Uip。
这一部分可以参考:uip在stm32上的移植,说明的也很详细,我就不累赘了。
软件实现
1,DNS
uip自带了一个dns的解析,配置如下:
<span class="hljs-function" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(25, 70, 157); background: transparent;">yeelink_init</span><span class="hljs-params" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); background: transparent;">(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">void</span>)</span>
</span>{
uip_ipaddr_t ipaddr;
resolv_init();
uip_ipaddr(ipaddr, <span class="hljs-number" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(64, 160, 112); background: transparent;">221</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(64, 160, 112); background: transparent;">228</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(64, 160, 112); background: transparent;">255</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(64, 160, 112); background: transparent;">1</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: italic; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(64, 128, 128); background: transparent;">// DNS</span>
resolv_conf(ipaddr);
resolv_query(YEELINK_HOST);
}
这里的DNS我们可以通过查看自己的网络参数获取。当然你也可以配置uip为DHCP模式,这样就会自动帮我们配置DNS查询上级IP。
当查找到目的网址的IP或者说查找失败,都会调用void resolv_found(char *name, u16_t *ipaddr);这个函数需要我们在main里自己实现:
<span class="hljs-function" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(25, 70, 157); background: transparent;">resolv_found</span><span class="hljs-params" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); background: transparent;">(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">char</span> *name, u16_t *ipaddr)</span>
</span>{
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">if</span> (ipaddr == NULL) {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 134, 179); background: transparent;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(33, 145, 97); background: transparent;">"Host '%s' not found.\r\n"</span>, name);
} <span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">else</span> {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 134, 179); background: transparent;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(33, 145, 97); background: transparent;">"Found name '%s' = %d.%d.%d.%d\r\n"</span>, name,
htons(ipaddr[<span class="hljs-number" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(64, 160, 112); background: transparent;">0</span>]) >> <span class="hljs-number" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(64, 160, 112); background: transparent;">8</span>,
htons(ipaddr[<span class="hljs-number" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(64, 160, 112); background: transparent;">0</span>]) & <span class="hljs-number" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(64, 160, 112); background: transparent;">0xff</span>,
htons(ipaddr[<span class="hljs-number" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(64, 160, 112); background: transparent;">1</span>]) >> <span class="hljs-number" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(64, 160, 112); background: transparent;">8</span>,
htons(ipaddr[<span class="hljs-number" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(64, 160, 112); background: transparent;">1</span>]) & <span class="hljs-number" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(64, 160, 112); background: transparent;">0xff</span>);
yeelink_connect(YEELINK_HOST, YEELINK_PORT);
}
}
如果查找到了yeelink的地址,我们就进行tcp连接。
2,client实现
剩下就是yeelink的client实现,代码如下:
<span class="hljs-function" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(25, 70, 157); background: transparent;">yeelink_client_appcall</span><span class="hljs-params" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); background: transparent;">(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">void</span>)</span>
</span>{
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">if</span> (uip_connected()) {
yeelink_request_get();
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 134, 179); background: transparent;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(33, 145, 97); background: transparent;">"yeelink_client: connected, waiting for data...\r\n"</span>);
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">return</span>;
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">if</span> (uip_aborted()) {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 134, 179); background: transparent;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(33, 145, 97); background: transparent;">"yeelink_client: connection aborted\r\n"</span>);
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">if</span> (uip_timedout()) {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 134, 179); background: transparent;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(33, 145, 97); background: transparent;">"yeelink_client: connection timed out\r\n"</span>);
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">if</span> (uip_acked()) {
yeelink_request_acked();
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">if</span> ( uip_rexmit() || uip_newdata()) {
yeelink_newdata(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: italic; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(64, 128, 128); background: transparent;">// 这里的数据是分包发送过来的</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">return</span>;
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">if</span> (uip_poll()) {
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">if</span> (yeelink_poll()) {
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">return</span>;
}
}
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">if</span> (uip_closed()) {
yeelink_closed();
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 134, 179); background: transparent;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(33, 145, 97); background: transparent;">"yeelink_client: connection closed\r\n"</span>);
}
}
这个流程按照uip的网络编程流程来,这里需要注意几点:
1,分包
http请求是根据mss来决定一包里面的有效数据长度的。这里就出现了yeelink的http应答分包发送,那么我们在处理http数据的时候就需要考虑到组包。实现的时候我取了个巧。
<span class="hljs-function" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(25, 70, 157); background: transparent;">yeelink_newdata</span><span class="hljs-params" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); background: transparent;">(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">void</span>)</span>
</span>{
yeelink_client.timer = <span class="hljs-number" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(64, 160, 112); background: transparent;">0</span>;
u16_t len = uip_datalen();
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 134, 179); background: transparent;">memcpy</span>(yeelink_client.data, uip_appdata, len);
<span class="hljs-comment" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: italic; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(64, 128, 128); background: transparent;">//{"timestamp":"2014-03-25T13:40:47","value":0}</span>
u8_t *value_info = (u8_t *)<span class="hljs-built_in" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 134, 179); background: transparent;">strstr</span>(yeelink_client.data, <span class="hljs-string" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(33, 145, 97); background: transparent;">"\"value\""</span>);
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">if</span> (value_info != NULL) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: italic; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(64, 128, 128); background: transparent;">// 分片传送的</span>
len = <span class="hljs-built_in" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 134, 179); background: transparent;">strlen</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(33, 145, 97); background: transparent;">"\"value\":"</span>);
u8_t status = *(value_info + len);
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">if</span> (status == <span class="hljs-string" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(33, 145, 97); background: transparent;">'0'</span>) {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 134, 179); background: transparent;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(33, 145, 97); background: transparent;">"yeelink_client: switch is close\r\n"</span>);
} <span class="hljs-keyword" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(149, 65, 33); background: transparent;">else</span> {
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 134, 179); background: transparent;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(33, 145, 97); background: transparent;">"yeelink_client: switch is open\r\n"</span>);
}
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 134, 179); background: transparent;">memset</span>(yeelink_client.data, <span class="hljs-number" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(64, 160, 112); background: transparent;">0x00</span> , WEBCLIENT_CONF_MAX_URLLEN);
<span class="hljs-comment" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: italic; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(64, 128, 128); background: transparent;">/*uip_close();*/</span>
yeelink_struct_init();
}
}
2,查询时间周期
查询的时候似乎并没有时间限制,我在poll里面设置了1s查询一次,结果也依然可以返回。之前提到的5s限制并不存在,不知道是否是升级了服务。
总结:
uip相对于lwip而言会更适合物联网的开发,但是编程相对lwip而言会需要一些技巧性,因为与我们常规的阻塞式编程有区别。
代码的地址如下:https://utopiaprince@bitbucket.org/utopiaprince/uip1.0-stm32-webserver 可以用hg clone。