使用Spring MVC 4构建Restful服务

最新推荐文章于 2018-07-17 00:35:33 发布

mochizuki

最新推荐文章于 2018-07-17 00:35:33 发布

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原文地址：http://bbs.51cto.com/thread-1131636-1.html

使用Spring MVC 4构建RESTful服务相对于其它框架来说，有很多优势。首先，Spring MVC 4作为Spring的框架之一，可以很好地与Spring进行集成。其次，Spring MVC 4的拦截器是在方法层级上的拦截，相对于其它MVC框架（如Struts2）的拦截器具有更高的效率。再者，Spring MVC 4采用基于注解的配置，入手容易，开发灵活。

Spring MVC 4采用的是jacson解析JSON。jacson一款非常高效强大的JSON工具类，可以轻松地在JAVA对象与json对象和XML文档之间进行序列化和反序列化。本文中的例子采用的是Spring 4.1.1.RELEASE和jacson 2.4.0版本，经测试无任何异常。接下来，上干货：

开发环境准备：
    Eclipse Luna
    Apache Tomcat 8.0
    JDK 1.7
    Spring 4.1.1.RELEASE
    jackson 2.4.0


工程目录如下：









1. 新建Maven Project，选择在“Archetype类型”中，选择“maven-archetype-webapp”。


2. 在Pom.xml中添加

Maven 依赖，从而可以使用 Spring和jackson中的特性。如果读者使用的是Dynamic Web Project，可以从Maven仓库下载对的Spring Jar和 jacson jar。

Spring的Maven仓库地址：http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/springframework/
jackson的Maven仓库地址：http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/fasterxml/jackson/core/

<project
xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.favccxx.favsoft</groupId>
  <artifactId>favspringmvcrestful</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>favspringmvcrestful Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <properties>
      <spring.version>4.1.1.RELEASE</spring.version>
      <jackson.version>2.4.0</jackson.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>${jackson.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
      <version>${jackson.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>${jackson.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>jstl</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
        <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.2</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>favspringmvcrestful</finalName>
  </build>
</project>

3.在 web.xml中，配置Spring MVC 4 的DispatcherServlet转发和编码。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
    <display-name>favblog</display-name>

    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value></param-value>
    </context-param>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath*:spring-context.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>


</web-app>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/s ... ing-context-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.favccxx.favsoft.favjson.controller"></context:component-scan>

    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass"
            value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
</beans>

4.新建 FavUser.java 类，测试JSON与Object之间的映射。需要注意的是，如果想对日期进行格式化，在其Getter方法上，使用 @JsonFormat 即可，这样就能输出符合pattern类型的日期，但是这同时也要求输入的日期参数也必须是pattern类型的。

package com.favccxx.favsoft.favjson.pojo;

import java.util.Date;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;

public class FavUser {

    private String userId;
    private String userName;
    private int userAge;
    private Date createDate;

    public String getUserId() {
        return userId;
    }
    public void setUserId(String userId) {
        this.userId = userId;
    }
    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }
    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }
    public int getUserAge() {
        return userAge;
    }
    public void setUserAge(int userAge) {
        this.userAge = userAge;
    }
    @JsonFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    public Date getCreateDate() {
        return createDate;
    }
    public void setCreateDate(Date createDate) {
        this.createDate = createDate;
    }



}

新建FavRestfulController，通过不同的方法测试Spring MVC 4 返回String、Object类型的JSON。

package com.favccxx.favsoft.favjson.controller;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParseException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonMappingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.favccxx.favsoft.favjson.pojo.FavUser;

@RestController
public class FavRestfulController {

    @RequestMapping(value="/getUserName",method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String getUserName(@RequestParam(value="name") String name){
        return name;
    }

    @RequestMapping("getFavUser")
    public FavUser getFavUser(@RequestParam("userName") String userName,String userId,int userAge){
        FavUser favUser = new FavUser();
        favUser.setUserId(userId);
        favUser.setUserName(userName);
        favUser.setUserAge(userAge);
        return favUser;
    }

    @RequestMapping("getFavUserBody")
    public FavUser getFavUserBody(@RequestBody String body){
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        FavUser favUser = null;
        try {
            favUser = mapper.readValue(body,  FavUser.class);
        } catch (JsonParseException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (JsonMappingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return favUser;
    }

}

mochizuki

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使用Spring MVC 4构建Restful服务

原文地址：http://bbs.51cto.com/thread-1131636-1.html使用Spring MVC 4构建RESTful服务相对于其它框架来说，有很多优势。首先，Spring MVC 4作为Spring的框架之一，可以很好地与Spring进行集成。其次，Spring MVC 4的拦截器是在方法层级上的拦截，相对于其它MVC框架（如Struts2）的拦截器具有更高的效率。再者，Sp
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