【通信协议--TCP】

1. TCP特性

• 需要建立连接，通信稳定
• 三次握手，四次挥手
• 通信双方是客户端和服务端
• 信息传输完成后，释放连接，效率较低

2. 示例代码

1. TCP实现聊天

1.1 客户端

package TestTCP;

import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

//客户端
public class TcpClinetDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //1.要知道服务器地址
        InetAddress byName = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
        //端口号
        int port = 9999;
        //2.创建一个socket连接
        Socket socket = new Socket(byName,port);
        //3.发送消息 IO流
        OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
        os.write("i am kim".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));

        os.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

1.2 服务端

package TestTCP;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

//服务器端
public class TcpServerDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //1.得有一个地址
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
        //2.等待客户端连接
        Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
        //3.读取客户端消息  客户端的接收 管道流的输入
        InputStream is = serverSocket.accept().getInputStream();
        //管道流 :读取接收数据 管道流的输出
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int len;
        while ((len=is.read(buffer))!=-1){
            baos.write(buffer,0,len);
        }
        System.out.println(baos);

        baos.close();
        is.close();
        accept.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}

2. TCP实现文件上传

1. 客户端

package TestTCP;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;


public class TcpClientDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //1.创建一个连接socket
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),9000);
        //2.创建一个输出流
        OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
        //3.文件流
        FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(new File("F:\\IDEA\\code\\NetworkProgramming\\1.txt"));
        //4.写出文件
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int len ;
        while ((len=fileInputStream.read(buffer))!=-1){
            os.write(buffer,0,len);
        }
        
        
        //确定服务器接收完毕，断开连接
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
        int len1;
        while ((len1=inputStream.read(bytes))!=-1){
            baos.write(bytes,0,len1);
        }
        System.out.println(baos.toString());
        //5.关闭资源
        baos.close();
        inputStream.close();
        fileInputStream.close();
        os.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

2. 服务端

package TestTCP;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

public class TcpServerDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //1.创建服务
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9000);
        //2.等待客户端连接
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        //3.获取输入流
        InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
        //4.文件输出
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(new File("revice.txt"));
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int len;
        while ((len=is.read(buffer))!=-1){
            fileOutputStream.write(buffer,len,0);
        }

        //通知客户端接受完毕了
        OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
        os.write("ok".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        //5.关闭窗口
        os.close();
        fileOutputStream.close();
        is.close();
        socket.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}