H.264和HEVC如何正确的丢帧

播放器内部逻辑肯定是存在丢帧的逻辑的，只有丢掉不被依赖的帧才不会导致花屏，RFC中有说明。

H.264

具体可以参考rfc3984#section-1.3，也就是nal_ref_idc的值为0时，此帧可以被丢弃（相对来说没那么重要当解码能力不足的时候可以丢弃）。这里的NRI是H.264的NALU的头部信息中的一个字段，可以看看WebRTC之H.264打包RtpPacketizerH264，有好几种type的值会是0。

NRI: 2 bits
      nal_ref_idc.  A value of 00 indicates that the content of the NAL
      unit is not used to reconstruct reference pictures for inter
      picture prediction.  Such NAL units can be discarded without
      risking the integrity of the reference pictures.  Values greater
      than 00 indicate that the decoding of the NAL unit is required to
      maintain the integrity of the reference pictures.

HEVC

具体可以参考rfc7798#section-1.1.2，也就是nal_unit_type类型为RASL_N和RASL_R时，此帧可以被丢弃。

There are two
   types of leading pictures: Random Access Decodable Leading (RADL)
   pictures and Random Access Skipped Leading (RASL) pictures.  RADL
   pictures are decodable when the decoding started at the associated
   IRAP picture; RASL pictures are not decodable when the decoding
   started at the associated IRAP picture and are usually discarded.
   HEVC provides mechanisms to enable specifying the conformance of a
   bitstream wherein the originally present RASL pictures have been
   discarded.  Consequently, system components can discard RASL
   pictures, when needed, without worrying about causing the bitstream
   to become non-compliant.