调用控制台应用程序3种方式效率比较

基于C#语言，调用cmd控制台，执行其他exe程序效率比较，分为3种方式：

• 后台静默同步执行exe程序
• 后台静默异步执行exe程序
• 后台显示cmd窗口执行
  写了一个输出1-100数字的控制台exe程序，输出完之后，系统等待20秒，总耗时应该20秒多一点，比较效率的代码为：

  Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();

  watch.Start();
   string exePath = "D:\\VSApplication\\ExeTestCSharp\\ExeTestCSharp\\bin\\Release\\ExeTestCSharp.exe";
  string result = QConsoleTest.QCmdShell.ExecuteCmdShell(exePath, "-GUID", "QCJ");
  watch.Stop();
  Console.WriteLine("同步:" + watch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds);
  Console.WriteLine(result);

  watch.Restart();
  string sb = QConsoleTest.QCmdShell.ExecuteCmdShellAsync(exePath, "-GUID", "2");
  watch.Stop();
  Console.WriteLine("异步:" + watch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds);
  Console.WriteLine(sb);

  watch.Restart();
  string res = QConsoleTest.QCmdShell.ExecuteCmdShellHasWindow(exePath,true, "-GUID", "3");
  watch.Stop();
  Console.WriteLine("显示窗口:" + watch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds);
  Console.WriteLine(res);

输出结果：

可见，异步调用最快，显示窗口最慢，后台静默调用可以获取控制台exe程序本身控制台输出的结果或者错误信息，而显示窗口方式会直接打开ExeTestCSharp.exe的控制台窗口，测试的控制台ConsoleTest并不能获取被调用的控制台上输出的信息。

异步调用时，可以在OutputDataReceived事件中与主程序控件联动。

所以推荐使用异步调用窗口，源码为：

 private static StringBuilder sData = new StringBuilder();
 
/// <summary>
 /// 异步执行命令行程序
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="cmdShellPath"></param>
 /// <param name="inputArguments"></param>
 /// <returns></returns>
 public static string ExecuteCmdShellAsync(string cmdShellPath, params string[] inputArguments)
 {
     sData.Clear();
     string shellMsg = "";
     string argus = inputArguments.Where(arg => string.IsNullOrEmpty(arg) == false).Aggregate("", (current, arg) => current + arg + " ");
     argus = argus.Trim();
     //创建进程对象
     Process process = new Process();
     //参数
     ProcessStartInfo startInfo = new ProcessStartInfo
     {
         FileName = cmdShellPath,      
         Arguments = argus,            
         CreateNoWindow = true,        
         UseShellExecute = false,      
         RedirectStandardInput = false,
         RedirectStandardOutput = true,  //将输出信息重定向，而不是默认的显示在dos控制台上
     };
     process.StartInfo = startInfo;
     //添加事件
     process.OutputDataReceived += OutputDataReceivedHandler;
     try
     {
         if (!process.Start())
         {
             sData.Append("错误:程序未执行");
             return sData.ToString();
         }
         process.BeginOutputReadLine();
         process.BeginErrorReadLine();
          // 使当前线程等待，直到关联进程终止
         process.WaitForExit();         
     }
     catch (Exception exception)
     {
         shellMsg = "错误:" + exception.Message;
     }
     finally
     {
         process.Close();
         process.Dispose();
         process = null;
     }

     return sData.ToString().TrimEnd();
 }
 
//异步数据接受响应事件
 private static void OutputDataReceivedHandler(object sender, DataReceivedEventArgs e)
 {
     try
     {
         if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(e.Data))
         {
             sData.Append(e.Data + Environment.NewLine);
         }
     }
     catch (Exception ex)
     {
         sData.Append(ex.Message + Environment.NewLine);
     }
 }