博文记录本人学习MySQL过程中的一些理解,如果有不正确的地方欢迎指正
1 查看正在使用的字符集
mysql> show variables like '%char%';
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | D:\mysql-5.7.17-win32\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------+
8 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
2 查看字符排序方式
mysql> show variables like '%colla%';
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
排序方式我的理解就是字符的排序规则,比如按照字典序排序等。
3 查看已有字符集和排序方式
学会查看使用中的字符集和排序方式之后,再来看看我们安装的MySQL数据库中,已经安装了多少种字符集和排序方式。
3.1 查看已有字符集
mysql> show character set;
+----------+---------------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen |
+----------+---------------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| big5 | Big5 Traditional Chinese | big5_chinese_ci | 2 |
| dec8 | DEC West European | dec8_swedish_ci | 1 |
| cp850 | DOS West European | cp850_general_ci | 1 |
| hp8 | HP West European | hp8_english_ci | 1 |
41 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3.2 查看已有的排序方式
mysql> show collation;
+--------------------------+----------+-----+---------+----------+---------+
| Collation | Charset | Id | Default | Compiled | Sortlen |
+--------------------------+----------+-----+---------+----------+---------+
| big5_chinese_ci | big5 | 1 | Yes | Yes | 1 |
| big5_bin | big5 | 84 | | Yes | 1 |
| dec8_swedish_ci | dec8 | 3 | Yes | Yes | 1 |
| dec8_bin | dec8 | 69 | | Yes | 1 |
222 rows in set (0.00 sec)
知道这些字符集和排序方式之后,我就能根据需要修改所使用的的字符集和排序方式了。