Android Content provider

Android Content provider

当应用需要通过Content Provider共享数据时，首先需要继承Content Provider类并重写相应方法。第二步需要在AndroidManifest.xml使用<provider>对Content Provider进行配置。

1. 新建内容提供类：

public class PersonProvider extends ContentProvider {

    private DBOpenHelper dbHelper;
    private static final UriMatcher MATCHER = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
    private static final int PERSONS = 1;
    private static final int PERSON = 2;
    static {
        MATCHER.addURI("com.example.providers.personprovider", "person", PERSONS);
        MATCHER.addURI("com.example.providers.personprovider", "person/#", PERSON);
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {

        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        int count = 0;
        switch (MATCHER.match(uri)) {
        case PERSONS:
            count = db.delete("person", selection, selectionArgs);
            return count;
        case PERSON:
            long id = ContentUris.parseId(uri);
            String where = "personid=" + id;
            if(selection!=null && !"".equals(selection)) {
                where = selection + " and " + where;
            }
            count = db.delete("person", where, selectionArgs);
            return count;
        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown Uri: " + uri.toString());
        }
    }

    @Override
    public String getType(Uri uri) { //返回当前操作的数据的内容类型
        switch (MATCHER.match(uri)) {
        case PERSONS:
            return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/person";
        case PERSON:
            return "vnd.android.cursor.item/person";
        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown Uri: " + uri.toString());
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        switch(MATCHER.match(uri)) {
            case PERSONS :
                long rowid = db.insert("person", "null", values);
                Uri insertUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, rowid);
                this.getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null);
                return insertUri;
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown Uri: " + uri.toString());
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {

        this.dbHelper = new DBOpenHelper(this.getContext());
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs,
            String sortOrder) {

        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
        switch (MATCHER.match(uri)) {
        case PERSONS:
            return db.query("person", projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);
        case PERSON:
            long id = ContentUris.parseId(uri);
            String where = "personid=" + id;
            if(selection!=null && !"".equals(selection)) {
                where = selection + " and " + where;
            }
            return db.query("person", projection, where, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);
        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown Uri: " + uri.toString());
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {

        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        int count = 0;
        switch (MATCHER.match(uri)) {
        case PERSONS:
            count = db.update("person", values, selection, selectionArgs);
            return count;
        case PERSON:
            long id = ContentUris.parseId(uri);
            String where = "personid=" + id;
            if(selection!=null && !"".equals(selection)) {
                where = selection + " and " + where;
            }
            count = db.update("person", values, where, selectionArgs);
            return count;
        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown Uri: " + uri.toString());
        }
    }

}

2. 配置Content Provider：

<!--name为Content Provider类名，路径authorities为自定义-->
<provider android:name=".PersonProvider" android:authorities="com.example.providers.personprovider"/>

3. 新建测试类进行测试：

public class AccessContentProvider extends AndroidTestCase {

    public void testInsert() throws Exception {
        ContentResolver contentResolver = this.getContext().getContentResolver();
        Uri insertUri = Uri.parse("content://com.example.providers.personprovider/person");
        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        values.put("name", "Jospehus");
        values.put("amount", 1000);
        Uri uri = contentResolver.insert(insertUri, values);
        Log.i("URI", uri.toString());
    }

    public void testUpdate() throws Exception {
        ContentResolver contentResolver = this.getContext().getContentResolver();
        Uri updateUri = Uri.parse("content://com.example.providers.personprovider/person/8");
        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        values.put("name", "monkey");
        contentResolver.update(updateUri, values, null, null);
    }

    public void testQuery() throws Exception {
        ContentResolver contentResolver = this.getContext().getContentResolver();
        Uri selectUri = Uri.parse("content://com.example.providers.personprovider/person");
        Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(selectUri, null, null, null, "personid desc");
        while(cursor.moveToNext()) {
            int id = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("personid"));
            String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
            int amount = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("amount"));
            Log.i("QUERY", "id=" + id + "name=" + name + "amount=" + amount);
        }
    }

    public void testDelete() throws Exception {
        ContentResolver contentResolver = this.getContext().getContentResolver();
        Uri deleteUri = Uri.parse("content://com.example.providers.personprovider/person/8");
        contentResolver.delete(deleteUri, null, null);
    }
}

4. 监听Content Provider中数据的变化

public class OtherActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        ContentResolver contentResolver = this.getContentResolver();
        Uri insertUri = Uri.parse("content://com.example.providers.personprovider/person");
        contentResolver.registerContentObserver(
                insertUri, true, new PersonObserver(new Handler()));
        /*ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        values.put("name", "Jospehus");
        values.put("amount", 1000);
        Uri uri = contentResolver.insert(insertUri, values);
        Log.i("URI", uri.toString());*/
    }

    private final class PersonObserver extends ContentObserver {

        public PersonObserver(Handler handler) {
            super(handler);
            // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        }

        @Override
        public void onChange(boolean selfChange) {
            ContentResolver contentResolver = OtherActivity.this.getContentResolver();
            Uri selectUri = Uri.parse("content://com.example.providers.personprovider/person");
            Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(selectUri, null, null, null, "personid desc");
            while(cursor.moveToNext()) {
                int id = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("personid"));
                String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
                int amount = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("amount"));
                Log.i("QUERY", "id=" + id + "name=" + name + "amount=" + amount);
            }
        }

    }

}