构造函数、析构函数和变量的生存期

//referred from Wei Guo, Peking University
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class Demo{
    int id;
public:
    Demo(int i)
    {
        id = i;
        cout<<"id="<<id<<"constructed"<<endl;
    }
    ~Demo()
    {
        cout<<"id="<<id<<"destructed"<<endl;
    }
};
Demo d1(1);
void Func()
{
    static Demo d2(2);
    Demo d3(3);
    cout<<"func"<<endl;
}
int main()
{
    Demo d4(4);
    d4 = 6;
    cout<<"main"<<endl;
    {
        Demo d5(5);
    }
    Func();
    cout<<"main ends"<<endl;
    return 0;
}

上述代码是节选自郭炜老师《新标准c++程序设计》p44-45的代码，非常有价值。而且全书精炼有趣，发人深省，是一本入门的好书。

程序的输出结果：

id=1 constructed
id=4 constructed
id=6 constructed
id=6 destructed
main
id=5 constructed
id=5 destructed
id=2 constructed
id=3 constructed
func
id=3 destructed
main ends
id=6 constructed
id=2 constructed
id=1 constructed

global variable 当程序结束时才会消亡， static variable 本质上也是全局变量，所以d1和d2按生成顺序的反序消亡；

注意d4 = 6那一句。