TCP通信，多客户端通信（客户端、服务端）

1、定义

1. 客户端和服务器间的交流, 客户端发送信息,服务器接收到,并返回信息
2. 长连接

2、使用步骤

• 客户端

1. 创建Socket连接服务端(指定ip地址,端口号)通过ip地址找对应的服务器
2. 调用Socket的getInputStream()和getOutputStream()方法获取和服务端相连的IO流
3. 输入流可以读取服务端输出流写出的数据
4. 输出流可以写出数据到服务端的输入流

• 服务端

1. 创建ServerSocket(需要指定端口号)
2. 调用ServerSocket的accept()方法接收一个客户端请求，得到一个Socket
3. 调用Socket的getInputStream()和getOutputStream()方法获取和客户端相连的IO流
4. 输入流可以读取客户端输出流写出的数据
5. 输出流可以写出数据到客户端的输入流

3、示例

客户端：

public class Client {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 6789);
		//发送消息
		OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
		String str ="Client测试......";
		os.write(str.getBytes(), 0, str.getBytes().length);
		//接收返回的消息
		InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
		int len;
		byte[] bs = new byte[1024];
		len = is.read(bs);
		System.out.println(new String(bs, 0, len));
		
		socket.close();
	}
}

服务端：

public class Server {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
		ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(6789);
		
		Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
                //接收信息
		InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
		byte[] bs = new byte[1024];
		int len;
		len = is.read(bs);
		System.out.println(new String(bs, 0, len));
		//向客户端返回消息
		OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
		String str = "服务器已经收到请求，请稍等.......";
		os.write(str.getBytes(), 0, str.getBytes().length);
		socket.close();
	}
}

4、TCP通信优化

客户端：
 

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
	Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 6666);
	
	//接收信息
	InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
	BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
	
	//发送信息
	OutputStream stream = socket.getOutputStream();
	BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(stream));
	
	BufferedReader sca = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
	String str;
	while(true){
		str = sca.readLine();
		if ("结束".equals(str)) {
			break;
		}
		bw.write(str);
		bw.newLine();
		bw.flush();
		//接收返回的信息
		str = br.readLine();
		System.out.println(str);
	}
	
	socket.close();
}

服务端：

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
	ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(6666);
	
	Socket socket = server.accept();
	
	//接收信息
	InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
	BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
	
	//发送信息
	OutputStream stream = socket.getOutputStream();
	BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(stream));
	
	BufferedReader sca = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
	
	String str ;
	while(true){
		str = br.readLine();
		System.out.println(str);
		str = sca.readLine();
		if("结束".equals(str))
			break;
		bw.write(str);
		bw.newLine();
		bw.flush();
	}
	socket.close();
}

5、多线程形式的服务器（可同时连接多台服务器）

 

服务器：

public class Server {
        //存放已经连接的客户端ip地址
        static HashSet<String> set = new HashSet<>();
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
		ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(6789);
		while(true) {
			Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
                        //获取ip地址并加入到HashMap集合中
                        String ip = socket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
			set.add(ip);
			System.out.println("服务器"+ip+"连接成功，正在进行处理...,已连接个数："+set.size());
                        //每一个新的客户端连接都会开启一个新的线程
			new Thread() {
				public void run() {
					InputStream is;
					OutputStream os;
					try {
						is = socket.getInputStream();
						os = socket.getOutputStream();
						
						Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
						
						byte[] bs = new byte[1024];
						int len;
						while (true) {
							len = is.read(bs);
							System.out.println(new String(bs, 0, len));
							String str = sc.nextLine();
							os.write(str.getBytes(), 0, str.getBytes().length);
						}
					} catch (IOException e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
					
				}
			}.start();
		}
		
	}
}

客户端：

public class Client {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 6789);
		
		OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
		InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		
		while (true) {
			String str =sc.nextLine();
			os.write(str.getBytes(), 0, str.getBytes().length);
			
			int len;
			byte[] bs = new byte[1024];
			len = is.read(bs);
			System.out.println(new String(bs, 0, len));
		}
	}
}