JAVA多态(向上转型)与RTTI向下转型

多态


late-binding, 在编译前不确定 函数调用和哪个具体实现绑定

在程序运行期间，再决定函数调用和哪个具体实现绑定。

/*
 * polymorphism*/
class S{
	public S(){
		out.println("S()");
	}
	public void common(){
		out.println("S common()");
	}
}

class Sub1 extends S{
	public Sub1(){
		out.println("Sub1()");
	}
	
	@Override
	public void common(){
		out.println("Sub1 common()");
	}
} 

class Sub2 extends S{
	public Sub2(){
		out.println("Sub2()");
	}
	@Override
	public void common(){
		out.println("Sub2 common()");
	}
	
}

public class Poly {
	public static void main(String[] args){
		
		S[] slist = {
				new Sub1(),
				new Sub2(),
				new S()
		};
		for(int i=0; i<3; i++){
            //未确定与哪个具体函数实现绑定
			slist[i].common(); 
		}
	}
}
/*
output:
S()
Sub1()
S()
Sub2()
S()
Sub1 common()
Sub2 common()
S common()
*/

RTTI运行时刻向下转型

/*
 * polymorphism and RTTI(Runtime Type Identifier)
 * */
class S{
	public S(){
		out.println("S()");
	}
	public void common(){
		out.println("S common()");
	}
}

class Sub1 extends S{
	public Sub1(){
		out.println("Sub1()");
	}
	
	@Override
	public void common(){
		out.println("Sub1 common()");
	}
} 

class Sub2 extends S{
	public Sub2(){
		out.println("Sub2()");
	}
	@Override
	public void common(){
		out.println("Sub2 common()");
	}
	
}

public class Poly {
	public static void testPoly(){
		S[] slist = {
				new Sub1(),
				new Sub2(),
				new S()
		};
		for(int i=0; i<3; i++){
			slist[i].common();
		}
	}
	
	public static void testRtti(){
		S[] slist = {
				new Sub1(),
				new Sub2(),
				new S()
		};
		Sub1 sb1 = (Sub1)slist[0];//从父类转型至Sub1子类
		sb1.common();
		Sub2 sb2 = (Sub2)slist[1];//从父类转型至Sub2子类
		sb2.common();
	}
	public static void main(String[] args){
		testRtti();
	}
}
/*
S()
Sub1()
S()
Sub2()
S()
Sub1 common()
Sub2 common()
*/