Android Bitmap高斯模糊

加载和使用缩小的位图（对于非常模糊的图像）

永远不要使用完整大小的位图。图像越大，需要模糊的越多，模糊半径也需要越高，通常，模糊半径越高，算法所需的时间就越长。

缩小位图的两种方式

1.位图options缩小

BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inSampleSize = 8;
Bitmap blurTemplate = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), bitmap, options);

加载8 位图，因此只有原始图像的 1/64。inSampleSize可以根据需要修改，但需要满足条件 2^n (2,4,8,...) ，以避免因缩放而降低质量。

2.位图Scale缩小

Bitmap bitmap = ...;
float BITMAP_SCALE = 0.4f;
int width = Math.round(bitmap .getWidth() * BITMAP_SCALE);
int height = Math.round(bitmap .getHeight() * BITMAP_SCALE);
// 将缩小后的图片做为预渲染的图片
Bitmap newBitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bitmap , width, height, false);

使用渲染脚本模糊

Renderscript 提供
了一个高斯模糊滤镜ScriptIntrinsicBlur。它具有良好的视觉质量，使得位图在 Android上获得的更快速度。Google 声称“通常比多线程 C 实现快 2-3 倍，通常比 Java 实现快 10 倍以上”
。Renderscript 非常复杂（使用最快的处理设备（GPU、ISP 等）等），在理论上，通过测试和其他开发人员的报告，不可盲目地使用 Renderscript，因为硬件/驱动程序碎片似乎会导致某些设备出现问题。

// 图片缩放比例(即模糊度)
private static final float BITMAP_SCALE = 0.4f;
/**
 * @param context 上下文对象
 * @param srcBitmap   需要模糊的图片
 * @return 模糊处理后的Bitmap
 */
public static Bitmap blurBitmap(Context context, Bitmap srcBitmap, float blurRadius) {
    // 计算图片缩小后的长宽
    int width = Math.round(srcBitmap.getWidth() * BITMAP_SCALE);
    int height = Math.round(srcBitmap.getHeight() * BITMAP_SCALE);
    // 将缩小后的图片做为预渲染的图片
    Bitmap inputBitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(srcBitmap, width, height, false);
    // 创建一张渲染后的输出图片
    Bitmap outputBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(inputBitmap);
    // 创建RenderScript内核对象
    RenderScript rs = RenderScript.create(context);
    // 创建一个模糊效果的RenderScript的工具对象
    ScriptIntrinsicBlur blurScript = ScriptIntrinsicBlur.create(rs, Element.U8_4(rs));
    // 由于RenderScript并没有使用VM来分配内存,所以需要使用Allocation类来创建和分配内存空间
    // 创建Allocation对象的时候其实内存是空的,需要使用copyTo()将数据填充进去
    Allocation tmpIn = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rs, inputBitmap);
    Allocation tmpOut = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rs, outputBitmap);
    // 设置渲染的模糊程度, 25f是最大模糊度
    blurScript.setRadius(blurRadius);
    // 设置blurScript对象的输入内存
    blurScript.setInput(tmpIn);
    // 将输出数据保存到输出内存中
    blurScript.forEach(tmpOut);
    // 将数据填充到Allocation中
    tmpOut.copyTo(outputBitmap);
    rs.destroy();
    return outputBitmap;
}

android {
    ...
    defaultConfig {
        ...
        renderscriptTargetApi 19
        renderscriptSupportModeEnabled true
    }
}

尽可能重用位图（如果优先：性能 > 内存占用）

如果需要多个模糊来进行实时模糊或类似操作，并且内存允许它不会多次从可绘制对象中加载位图，而是将其“缓存”在成员变量中。在这种情况下，请始终尝试使用相同的变量，以将垃圾收集降至最低。

  使用RGB点模糊

java代码(比脚本模糊慢，但是开原程度高)

public static Bitmap fastBlur(Bitmap sentBitmap, float scale, int radius) {
    int width = Math.round(sentBitmap.getWidth() * scale);
    int height = Math.round(sentBitmap.getHeight() * scale);
    sentBitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(sentBitmap, width, height, false);
    Bitmap bitmap = sentBitmap.copy(sentBitmap.getConfig(), true);
    if (radius < 1) {
        return null;
    }
    int w = bitmap.getWidth();
    int h = bitmap.getHeight();
    int[] pix = new int[w * h];
    bitmap.getPixels(pix, 0, w, 0, 0, w, h);
    int wm = w - 1;
    int hm = h - 1;
    int wh = w * h;
    int div = radius + radius + 1;
    int[] r = new int[wh];
    int[] g = new int[wh];
    int[] b = new int[wh];
    int rsum, gsum, bsum, x, y, i, p, yp, yi, yw;
    int[] vmin = new int[Math.max(w, h)];
    int divsum = (div + 1) >> 1;
    divsum *= divsum;
    int[] dv = new int[256 * divsum];
    for (i = 0; i < 256 * divsum; i++) {
        dv[i] = (i / divsum);
    }
    yw = yi = 0;
    int[][] stack = new int[div][3];
    int stackpointer;
    int stackstart;
    int[] sir;
    int rbs;
    int r1 = radius + 1;
    int routsum, goutsum, boutsum;
    int rinsum, ginsum, binsum;
    for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {
        rinsum = ginsum = binsum = routsum = goutsum = boutsum = rsum = gsum = bsum = 0;
        for (i = -radius; i <= radius; i++) {
            p = pix[yi + Math.min(wm, Math.max(i, 0))];
            sir = stack[i + radius];
            sir[0] = (p & 0xff0000) >> 16;
            sir[1] = (p & 0x00ff00) >> 8;
            sir[2] = (p & 0x0000ff);
            rbs = r1 - Math.abs(i);
            rsum += sir[0] * rbs;
            gsum += sir[1] * rbs;
            bsum += sir[2] * rbs;
            if (i > 0) {
                rinsum += sir[0];
                ginsum += sir[1];
                binsum += sir[2];
            } else {
                routsum += sir[0];
                goutsum += sir[1];
                boutsum += sir[2];
            }
        }
        stackpointer = radius;
        for (x = 0; x < w; x++) {
            r[yi] = dv[rsum];
            g[yi] = dv[gsum];
            b[yi] = dv[bsum];
            rsum -= routsum;
            gsum -= goutsum;
            bsum -= boutsum;
            stackstart = stackpointer - radius + div;
            sir = stack[stackstart % div];
            routsum -= sir[0];
            goutsum -= sir[1];
            boutsum -= sir[2];
            if (y == 0) {
                vmin[x] = Math.min(x + radius + 1, wm);
            }
            p = pix[yw + vmin[x]];
            sir[0] = (p & 0xff0000) >> 16;
            sir[1] = (p & 0x00ff00) >> 8;
            sir[2] = (p & 0x0000ff);
            rinsum += sir[0];
            ginsum += sir[1];
            binsum += sir[2];
            rsum += rinsum;
            gsum += ginsum;
            bsum += binsum;
            stackpointer = (stackpointer + 1) % div;
            sir = stack[(stackpointer) % div];
            routsum += sir[0];
            goutsum += sir[1];
            boutsum += sir[2];
            rinsum -= sir[0];
            ginsum -= sir[1];
            binsum -= sir[2];
            yi++;
        }
        yw += w;
    }
    for (x = 0; x < w; x++) {
        rinsum = ginsum = binsum = routsum = goutsum = boutsum = rsum = gsum = bsum = 0;
        yp = -radius * w;
        for (i = -radius; i <= radius; i++) {
            yi = Math.max(0, yp) + x;
            sir = stack[i + radius];
            sir[0] = r[yi];
            sir[1] = g[yi];
            sir[2] = b[yi];
            rbs = r1 - Math.abs(i);
            rsum += r[yi] * rbs;
            gsum += g[yi] * rbs;
            bsum += b[yi] * rbs;
            if (i > 0) {
                rinsum += sir[0];
                ginsum += sir[1];
                binsum += sir[2];
            } else {
                routsum += sir[0];
                goutsum += sir[1];
                boutsum += sir[2];
            }
            if (i < hm) {
                yp += w;
            }
        }
        yi = x;
        stackpointer = radius;
        for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {
            pix[yi] = (0xff000000 & pix[yi]) | (dv[rsum] << 16) | (dv[gsum] << 8) | dv[bsum];
            rsum -= routsum;
            gsum -= goutsum;
            bsum -= boutsum;
            stackstart = stackpointer - radius + div;
            sir = stack[stackstart % div];
            routsum -= sir[0];
            goutsum -= sir[1];
            boutsum -= sir[2];
            if (x == 0) {
                vmin[y] = Math.min(y + r1, hm) * w;
            }
            p = x + vmin[y];
            sir[0] = r[p];
            sir[1] = g[p];
            sir[2] = b[p];
            rinsum += sir[0];
            ginsum += sir[1];
            binsum += sir[2];
            rsum += rinsum;
            gsum += ginsum;
            bsum += binsum;
            stackpointer = (stackpointer + 1) % div;
            sir = stack[stackpointer];
            routsum += sir[0];
            goutsum += sir[1];
            boutsum += sir[2];
            rinsum -= sir[0];
            ginsum -= sir[1];
            binsum -= sir[2];
            yi += w;
        }
    }
    bitmap.setPixels(pix, 0, w, 0, 0, w, h);
    return bitmap;
}

JNI代码(性能没有测试)

#include <jni.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <android/log.h>
#include <android/bitmap.h>

#define LOG_TAG "libbitmaputils"
#define LOGI(...)  __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO,LOG_TAG,__VA_ARGS__)
#define LOGE(...)  __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_ERROR,LOG_TAG,__VA_ARGS__)

typedef struct {
    uint8_t red;
    uint8_t green;
    uint8_t blue;
    uint8_t alpha;
} rgba;

JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_com_insert_your_package_ClassName_functionToBlur(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj, jobject bitmapIn, jobject bitmapOut, jint radius) {
    LOGI("Blurring bitmap...");

    // Properties
    AndroidBitmapInfo   infoIn;
    void*               pixelsIn;
    AndroidBitmapInfo   infoOut;
    void*               pixelsOut;

    int ret;

    // Get image info
    if ((ret = AndroidBitmap_getInfo(env, bitmapIn, &infoIn)) < 0 || (ret = AndroidBitmap_getInfo(env, bitmapOut, &infoOut)) < 0) {
        LOGE("AndroidBitmap_getInfo() failed ! error=%d", ret);
        return;
    }

    // Check image
    if (infoIn.format != ANDROID_BITMAP_FORMAT_RGBA_8888 || infoOut.format != ANDROID_BITMAP_FORMAT_RGBA_8888) {
        LOGE("Bitmap format is not RGBA_8888!");
        LOGE("==> %d %d", infoIn.format, infoOut.format);
        return;
    }

    // Lock all images
    if ((ret = AndroidBitmap_lockPixels(env, bitmapIn, &pixelsIn)) < 0 || (ret = AndroidBitmap_lockPixels(env, bitmapOut, &pixelsOut)) < 0) {
        LOGE("AndroidBitmap_lockPixels() failed ! error=%d", ret);
    }

    int h = infoIn.height;
    int w = infoIn.width;

    LOGI("Image size is: %i %i", w, h);

    rgba* input = (rgba*) pixelsIn;
    rgba* output = (rgba*) pixelsOut;

    int wm = w - 1;
    int hm = h - 1;
    int wh = w * h;
    int whMax = max(w, h);
    int div = radius + radius + 1;

    int r[wh];
    int g[wh];
    int b[wh];
    int rsum, gsum, bsum, x, y, i, yp, yi, yw;
    rgba p;
    int vmin[whMax];

    int divsum = (div + 1) >> 1;
    divsum *= divsum;
    int dv[256 * divsum];
    for (i = 0; i < 256 * divsum; i++) {
        dv[i] = (i / divsum);
    }

    yw = yi = 0;

    int stack[div][3];
    int stackpointer;
    int stackstart;
    int rbs;
    int ir;
    int ip;
    int r1 = radius + 1;
    int routsum, goutsum, boutsum;
    int rinsum, ginsum, binsum;

    for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {
        rinsum = ginsum = binsum = routsum = goutsum = boutsum = rsum = gsum = bsum = 0;
        for (i = -radius; i <= radius; i++) {
            p = input[yi + min(wm, max(i, 0))];

            ir = i + radius; // same as sir

            stack[ir][0] = p.red;
            stack[ir][1] = p.green;
            stack[ir][2] = p.blue;
            rbs = r1 - abs(i);
            rsum += stack[ir][0] * rbs;
            gsum += stack[ir][1] * rbs;
            bsum += stack[ir][2] * rbs;
            if (i > 0) {
                rinsum += stack[ir][0];
                ginsum += stack[ir][1];
                binsum += stack[ir][2];
            } else {
                routsum += stack[ir][0];
                goutsum += stack[ir][1];
                boutsum += stack[ir][2];
            }
        }
        stackpointer = radius;

        for (x = 0; x < w; x++) {

            r[yi] = dv[rsum];
            g[yi] = dv[gsum];
            b[yi] = dv[bsum];

            rsum -= routsum;
            gsum -= goutsum;
            bsum -= boutsum;

            stackstart = stackpointer - radius + div;
            ir = stackstart % div; // same as sir

            routsum -= stack[ir][0];
            goutsum -= stack[ir][1];
            boutsum -= stack[ir][2];

            if (y == 0) {
                vmin[x] = min(x + radius + 1, wm);
            }
            p = input[yw + vmin[x]];

            stack[ir][0] = p.red;
            stack[ir][1] = p.green;
            stack[ir][2] = p.blue;

            rinsum += stack[ir][0];
            ginsum += stack[ir][1];
            binsum += stack[ir][2];

            rsum += rinsum;
            gsum += ginsum;
            bsum += binsum;

            stackpointer = (stackpointer + 1) % div;
            ir = (stackpointer) % div; // same as sir

            routsum += stack[ir][0];
            goutsum += stack[ir][1];
            boutsum += stack[ir][2];

            rinsum -= stack[ir][0];
            ginsum -= stack[ir][1];
            binsum -= stack[ir][2];

            yi++;
        }
        yw += w;
    }
    for (x = 0; x < w; x++) {
        rinsum = ginsum = binsum = routsum = goutsum = boutsum = rsum = gsum = bsum = 0;
        yp = -radius * w;
        for (i = -radius; i <= radius; i++) {
            yi = max(0, yp) + x;

            ir = i + radius; // same as sir

            stack[ir][0] = r[yi];
            stack[ir][1] = g[yi];
            stack[ir][2] = b[yi];

            rbs = r1 - abs(i);

            rsum += r[yi] * rbs;
            gsum += g[yi] * rbs;
            bsum += b[yi] * rbs;

            if (i > 0) {
                rinsum += stack[ir][0];
                ginsum += stack[ir][1];
                binsum += stack[ir][2];
            } else {
                routsum += stack[ir][0];
                goutsum += stack[ir][1];
                boutsum += stack[ir][2];
            }

            if (i < hm) {
                yp += w;
            }
        }
        yi = x;
        stackpointer = radius;
        for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {
            output[yi].red = dv[rsum];
            output[yi].green = dv[gsum];
            output[yi].blue = dv[bsum];

            rsum -= routsum;
            gsum -= goutsum;
            bsum -= boutsum;

            stackstart = stackpointer - radius + div;
            ir = stackstart % div; // same as sir

            routsum -= stack[ir][0];
            goutsum -= stack[ir][1];
            boutsum -= stack[ir][2];

            if (x == 0) vmin[y] = min(y + r1, hm) * w;
            ip = x + vmin[y];

            stack[ir][0] = r[ip];
            stack[ir][1] = g[ip];
            stack[ir][2] = b[ip];

            rinsum += stack[ir][0];
            ginsum += stack[ir][1];
            binsum += stack[ir][2];

            rsum += rinsum;
            gsum += ginsum;
            bsum += binsum;

            stackpointer = (stackpointer + 1) % div;
            ir = stackpointer; // same as sir

            routsum += stack[ir][0];
            goutsum += stack[ir][1];
            boutsum += stack[ir][2];

            rinsum -= stack[ir][0];
            ginsum -= stack[ir][1];
            binsum -= stack[ir][2];

            yi += w;
        }
    }

    // Unlocks everything
    AndroidBitmap_unlockPixels(env, bitmapIn);
    AndroidBitmap_unlockPixels(env, bitmapOut);

    LOGI ("Bitmap blurred.");
}

int min(int a, int b) {
    return a > b ? b : a;
}

int max(int a, int b) {
    return a > b ? a : b;
}