linux下c检查内存泄漏的简单方法

先#include <mcheck.h> 
在需要检查内存泄漏的代码开始处加入 
mtrace(); 
在需要检查内存泄漏的代码结束处加入 
muntrace(); 
修改完成。 
在bash中，设置环境变量MALLOC_TRACE，例如： 
export MALLOC_TRACE=/tmp/mtrace 
然后执行你的程序。 


#include<stdio.h>


#include<string.h>


#include<stdlib.h>


#include<mcheck.h>


int main(void)


{


        char *hello;


        mtrace();


        hello = (char*) malloc(20);


        sprintf(hello,"hello world!");


        free(hello);


        return 1;


}


[*****@localhost test]$ mtrace a.out $MALLOC_TRACE   


No memory leaks.


[*****@localhost test]$ cat $MALLOC_TRACE         


= Start


@ ./a.out:[0x8048433] + 0x9da4378 0x14


@ ./a.out:[0x8048457] - 0x9da4378


 


详见：http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mtrace


如果mtrace不可用安装glibc-utils的安装包，要和libc的版本号一样(通过rpm -q glibc来获取glibc的版本号)，例如我的机器显示如下：


root@localhost ~]# rpm -q glibc


glibc-2.3.4-2.25


我的机器环境是CentOS4.4  (VMware),需下载glibc-utils-2.3.4-2.25.i386.rpm安装包，地址：


http://glitesoft.cern.ch/cern/slc48/i386/yum/updates/repodata/repoview/glibc-utils-0-2.3.4-2.25.html


因为安装上面数据包时提示如下错误：


[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh glibc-utils-2.3.4-2.25.i386.rpm


warning: glibc-utils-2.3.4-2.25.i386.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 0c98ff9d


error: Failed dependencies:


        libgd.so.2 is needed by glibc-utils-2.3.4-2.25.i386


    Suggested resolutions:


        /home/buildcentos/CENTOS/en/4.0/i386/CentOS/RPMS/gd-2.0.28-4.4E.1.i386.rpm


所以下载libgd2-2.0.33-3aei_cl.i386.rpm安装包，地址：http://rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/search.php?query=libgd.so.2


最终安装顺序如下：


[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh libgd2-2.0.33-3aei_cl.i386.rpm


warning: libgd2-2.0.33-3aei_cl.i386.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 0041a1fb


Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]


   1:libgd2                 ########################################### [100%]


[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh glibc-utils-2.3.4-2.25.i386.rpm


warning: glibc-utils-2.3.4-2.25.i386.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 0c98ff9d


Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]


   1:glibc-utils            ########################################### [100%]


[root@localhost ~]# mtrace --version


mtrace (GNU libc) 2.3.4


Copyright (C) 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.


This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO


warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.


Written by Ulrich Drepper <drepper@gnu.org>


祝大家顺利。也多分享一下使用mtrace的经验