9.25 mariadb作业

1、写一个一键安装 mariadb 数据库脚本。

[root@centos8 ~]# cat install_mariadb.sh 
#!/bin/bash
#Version:                 1.1
#**********************************************************************
. /etc/init.d/functions
MARIADB='mariadb-10.5.5-linux-x86_64.tar.gz'
#安装前准备
functions_bigin() {
#安装包
 yum -y install libaio ncurses-compat-libs  &> /dev/null

NAME=$1
FILE=`echo ${NAME} |sed -nr 's/(.*[0-9]).*/\1/p'`

#检查二进制文件
cd /usr/local
[ -f ${NAME} ] && action "mariadb文件" || { echo "请把准备的二进制文件放在/usr/local下";exit; }

#创建用户
id mysql &> /dev/null|| useradd -r  -d /data/mysql mysql
action "mysql用户"

#解压二进制文件
cd /usr/local
tar xf ${NAME}  
ln -s  ${FILE} mysql
chown -R root:root /usr/local/mysql/
action "二进制解压"
}

#安装mariadb
install_mariadb() {
#配置文件
cd /usr/local/mysql
cat << EOF > /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
skip_name_resolve=on
EOF
action "配置文件"

#创建数据库文件
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/bin/
scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql &> /dev/null
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld &> /dev/null
service mysqld start &> /dev/null
action "mysql安装"

#执行安全脚本
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation  << EOF &> /dev/null

y
n
y
y
y
y
EOF
action "mysql安全脚本"   

#关闭无秘登录,并设置密码
mysql -e 'ALTER USER root@localhost IDENTIFIED VIA mysql_native_password USING PASSWORD("123456")'
}


#检查是否以及安装mysql
[ -h /usr/local/mysql ] && {  echo "mysql 已经安装";exit; }   

#开始安装mysql
functions_bigin $MARIADB
install_mariadb

2、简述Event 事件介绍以及它的优缺点

优点：一些对数据定时性操作不再依赖外部程序，而直接使用数据库本身提供的功能，可以实现每秒钟执行一个任务，这在一些对实时性要求较高的环境下就非常实用
缺点：定时触发，不可以直接调用

3、在 students 表中，查询年龄大于25岁，且为男性的同学的名字和年龄:

[root@centos8 ~]# mysql -p123456
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 18
Server version: 10.5.5-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| hellodb            |
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> use hellodb
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
MariaDB [hellodb]> show tables;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_hellodb |
+-------------------+
| classes           |
| coc               |
| courses           |
| scores            |
| students          |
| teachers          |
| toc               |
+-------------------+
7 rows in set (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [hellodb]> select * from students;
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| StuID | Name          | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
|     1 | Shi Zhongyu   |  22 | M      |       2 |         3 |
|     2 | Shi Potian    |  22 | M      |       1 |         7 |
|     3 | Xie Yanke     |  53 | M      |       2 |        16 |
|     4 | Ding Dian     |  32 | M      |       4 |         4 |
|     5 | Yu Yutong     |  26 | M      |       3 |         1 |
|     6 | Shi Qing      |  46 | M      |       5 |      NULL |
|     7 | Xi Ren        |  19 | F      |       3 |      NULL |
|     8 | Lin Daiyu     |  17 | F      |       7 |      NULL |
|     9 | Ren Yingying  |  20 | F      |       6 |      NULL |
|    10 | Yue Lingshan  |  19 | F      |       3 |      NULL |
|    11 | Yuan Chengzhi |  23 | M      |       6 |      NULL |
|    12 | Wen Qingqing  |  19 | F      |       1 |      NULL |
|    13 | Tian Boguang  |  33 | M      |       2 |      NULL |
|    14 | Lu Wushuang   |  17 | F      |       3 |      NULL |
|    15 | Duan Yu       |  19 | M      |       4 |      NULL |
|    16 | Xu Zhu        |  21 | M      |       1 |      NULL |
|    17 | Lin Chong     |  25 | M      |       4 |      NULL |
|    18 | Hua Rong      |  23 | M      |       7 |      NULL |
|    19 | Xue Baochai   |  18 | F      |       6 |      NULL |
|    20 | Diao Chan     |  19 | F      |       7 |      NULL |
|    21 | Huang Yueying |  22 | F      |       6 |      NULL |
|    22 | Xiao Qiao     |  20 | F      |       1 |      NULL |
|    23 | Ma Chao       |  23 | M      |       4 |      NULL |
|    24 | Xu Xian       |  27 | M      |    NULL |      NULL |
|    25 | Sun Dasheng   | 100 | M      |    NULL |      NULL |
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
25 rows in set (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [hellodb]> select name,age from students where age >25 and gender='m';
+--------------+-----+
| name         | age |
+--------------+-----+
| Xie Yanke    |  53 |
| Ding Dian    |  32 |
| Yu Yutong    |  26 |
| Shi Qing     |  46 |
| Tian Boguang |  33 |
| Xu Xian      |  27 |
| Sun Dasheng  | 100 |
+--------------+-----+
7 rows in set (0.001 sec)

4、在 students 表中，以 ClassID 为分组依据，查询显示每组的平均年龄

MariaDB [hellodb]> select classid,avg(age) as 'average age' from students group by classid;
+---------+-------------+
| classid | average age |
+---------+-------------+
|    NULL |     63.5000 |
|       1 |     20.5000 |
|       2 |     36.0000 |
|       3 |     20.2500 |
|       4 |     24.7500 |
|       5 |     46.0000 |
|       6 |     20.7500 |
|       7 |     19.6667 |
+---------+-------------+
8 rows in set (0.001 sec)

5、显示第4题中平均年龄大于30的分组及平均年龄

MariaDB [hellodb]> select classid,avg(age) as 'average age' from students group by classid having avg(age)>30;
+---------+-------------+
| classid | average age |
+---------+-------------+
|    NULL |     63.5000 |
|       2 |     36.0000 |
|       5 |     46.0000 |
+---------+-------------+
3 rows in set (0.001 sec)