关于@Import只需记住:@Import通常与配置类@Configuration一起使用,
用于向容器中注入组件(普通类、配置类、实现ImportSelector接口的类、实现ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar接口的类)
@Import常用于导入如下三种类:
1、普通类
2、其它配置类
3、ImportSelector接口的实现类
4、ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar接口的实现类
@Import导入普通类
主配置类:MyConfig
@Configuration
@Import(Student.class) //向容器中导入普通类
public class MyConfig {
}
普通类:Student (可以发现当前类并没有被spring管理,使用@Import导入后还有另一个作用:将其作为Bean注入spring容器)
public class Student {
}
测试:
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyConfig.class);
Student student = (Student) applicationContext.getBean(Student.class); //注意,此时Student的Bean是经过了代理后的,beanName并不是“student”,所以不能按名字获取
System.out.println(student);
@Import导入其它配置类
总配置类:MyConfig
@Configuration
@Import(OtherConfig.class) //导入其它配置类
public class MyConfig {
...
}
其它配置类:OtherConfig
@Configuration
public class OtherConfig {
...
}
@Import导入 ImportSelector 接口的实现类
实现ImportSelector接口,重写其方法
public class MyImportSelector implements ImportSelector {
@Override //(看笔记:@Conditional注解.md)
public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata) { //这里的AnnotationMetadata封装了“使用了@Import注解的类上,其它注解的配置元信息”
return new String[0];
}
}
可以看到 selectImports() 方法返回的是一个 String[] 数组。
该数组中存放的是一些类的全限定类名,如:“com.springdemo.bean.User”、“com.springdemo.bean.Student”… spring会根据这些全限定类名,将对应的Bean注入到容器中
所以 ImportSelector 常用来向Spring容器中批量导入组件 (SpringBoot自动配置)
实验:
总配置类:MyConfig
@Configuration
@Import(MyImportSelector.class) //导入ImportSelector的实现类
public class MyConfig {
...
}
ImportSelector的实现类:MyImportSelector
public class MyImportSelector implements ImportSelector {
@Override
public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata) {
String[] s = new String[3];
s[0] = "com.springdemo.bean.Person";
s[1] = "com.springdemo.bean.Student";
s[2] = "com.springdemo.bean.Teacher";
return s;
}
}
测试:最终在spring容器中可以找到相应的Bean:
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyConfig.class);
Student student = applicationContext.getBean(Student.class);
Person person = applicationContext.getBean(Person.class);
Teacher teacher = applicationContext.getBean(Teacher.class);
@Import导入 ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar 接口的实现类
实现ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar接口,重写其方法
public class MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {
@Override
public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, BeanNameGenerator importBeanNameGenerator) {
//可以向spring容器中注册BeanDefinition -------------@MapperScan
}
}
实验:
总配置类:MyConfig
@Configuration
@Import(MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar.class) //导入ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar的实现类
public class MyConfig {
}
ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar的实现类:MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar
public class MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {
@Override
public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, BeanNameGenerator importBeanNameGenerator) {
BeanDefinition BD = new RootBeanDefinition();
BD.setBeanClassName("bean.Student");
registry.registerBeanDefinition("student",BD);
}
}
测试:
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyConfig.class);
Object student = applicationContext.getBean("student");
System.out.println(student);