Q - Bone Collector
Description
Many years ago , in Teddy’s hometown there was a man who was called “Bone Collector”. This man like to collect varies of bones , such as dog’s , cow’s , also he went to the grave …
The bone collector had a big bag with a volume of V ,and along his trip of collecting there are a lot of bones , obviously , different bone has different value and different volume, now given the each bone’s value along his trip , can you calculate out the maximum of the total value the bone collector can get ?
Input
The first line contain a integer T , the number of cases.
Followed by T cases , each case three lines , the first line contain two integer N , V, (N <= 1000 , V <= 1000 )representing the number of bones and the volume of his bag. And the second line contain N integers representing the value of each bone. The third line contain N integers representing the volume of each bone.
Output
One integer per line representing the maximum of the total value (this number will be less than 2 31).
Sample Input
1
5 10
1 2 3 4 5
5 4 3 2 1
Sample Output
14
这是最基础的背包问题,特点是:每种物品仅有一件,可以选择放或不放。
用子问题定义状态:即f 【i】【v】表示前i件物品恰放入一个容量为v的背包可以获得的最大价值。则其状态转移方程便是:
f[i][v]=max{f[i-1][v],f[i-1][v-c[i]]+w[i]}
这个方程非常重要,基本上所有跟背包相关的问题的方程都是由它衍生出来的。所以有必要将它详细解释一下:
“将前i件物品放入容量为v的背包中”这个子问题,
若只考虑第i件物品的策略(放或不放),那么就可以转化为一个只牵扯前i-1件物品的问题。
如果不放第i件物品,那么问题就转化为“前i-1件物品放入容量为v的背包中”,价值为f[i-1][v];
如果放第i件物品,那么问题就转化为“前i-1件物品放入剩下的容量为v-c[i]的背包中”,此时能获得的最大价值就是f[i-1][v-c[i]]再加上通过放入第i件物品获得的价值w[i]。
#include "cstring"
#include "cstdio"
#include "iostream"
#include "string.h"
#include "algorithm"
using namespace std;
int value[1005],volume[1005],dp[1005][1005];
int main()
{
int cas;
scanf("%d",&cas);
while(cas--)
{
int n,v;
memset(value,0,sizeof(value));
memset(volume,0,sizeof(volume));
memset(dp,0,sizeof(dp));
scanf("%d%d",&n,&v);
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
scanf("%d",&value[i]);
}
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
scanf("%d",&volume[i]);
}
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<=v;j++)
{
if(j-volume[i]>=0)
dp[i][j]=max(dp[i-1][j],dp[i-1][j-volume[i]]+value[i]);
else
dp[i][j]=dp[i-1][j];
}
}
printf("%d\n",dp[n][v]);
}
}