快速安装PHP8.2套件，看能有多快？

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-04 20:01:05 发布

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在Ubuntu20.04上，通过阿里云镜像库安装PHP8.2、Nginx、MySQL8.0等软件的过程，包括更换源、设置HTTPS、安装其他依赖和配置服务。

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快速安装php8.2套件（ubuntu 20.04 focal）

到底有多快？我这边尝试的结果是总共大约 20 分钟左右（不含操作系统）。

另外，同样是我的电脑，同样阿里云镜像库，装 centos 系统各类软件含 php 就很快，但装这个 ubuntu 就比较慢，原因不太清楚（可能的一个原因是因为 ubuntu 用的人太多，阿里限制了源的下载速率来稍微省点钱。）。

本文各软件版本

ubuntu 20.04
php 8.2.1
nginx 1.22.1
mysql 8.0.31
redis 7.0.7
git 2.24.4

首先，安装阿里的仓库

首先必须 apt update
安装 vim

vim /etc/apt/sources.list
内容如下，就是搞阿里云镜像。但是http的，被我改的。不搞无法更新。
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

然后
apt update

apt install -y --reinstall ca-certificates

现在，再把阿里云镜像库中的 http 改成标准的 https，
vim /etc/apt/sources.list

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse

# deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
然后。再次
apt update

安装 php 8

apt install -y gnupg gosu curl ca-certificates zip unzip git supervisor sqlite3 libcap2-bin libpng-dev python2 dnsutils systemd gnupg2 lsb-release ubuntu-keyring

上面的命令需要选择多个选项。选亚洲 asia。选上海 shanghai

curl -sS 'https://keyserver.ubuntu.com/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0x14aa40ec0831756756d7f66c4f4ea0aae5267a6c' | gpg --dearmor | tee /usr/share/keyrings/ppa_ondrej_php.gpg > /dev/null

echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/ppa_ondrej_php.gpg] https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/ondrej/php/ubuntu focal main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ppa_ondrej_php.list


apt-get update

apt-get install -y php8.2-cli php8.2-dev  php8.2-pgsql php8.2-sqlite3 php8.2-gd  php8.2-curl  php8.2-imap php8.2-mysql php8.2-mbstring  php8.2-xml php8.2-zip php8.2-bcmath php8.2-soap   php8.2-intl php8.2-readline  php8.2-ldap  php8.2-msgpack php8.2-igbinary php8.2-redis php8.2-swoole  php8.2-memcached php8.2-pcov  php8.2-fpm php8.2-gmp php8.2-imagick php8.2-mcrypt php8.2-uuid php8.2-yaml

执行上面这些命令，大约 15 分钟左右，主要耗时就是这里。

安装阿里的 composer 镜像源

curl -o /usr/local/bin/composer https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer/composer.phar

chmod +x /usr/local/bin/composer

composer config -g repo.packagist composer https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer/

使用 root 身份执行 composer 命令，会提示输入 yes ，挺麻烦，则

vim /etc/environment

文字

export COMPOSER_ALLOW_SUPERUSER=1

然后

source /etc/environment

安装 nginx 并整合 php-fpm 服务

curl https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key | gpg --dearmor | tee /usr/share/keyrings/nginx-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null

gpg --dry-run --quiet --no-keyring --import --import-options import-show /usr/share/keyrings/nginx-archive-keyring.gpg

echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/nginx-archive-keyring.gpg] http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu `lsb_release -cs` nginx"  | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list

apt update
apt install nginx

改php-fpm 配置。
sed -i 's/listen\ =\ \/run\/php\/php8.2-fpm.sock/listen\ =\ 127.0.0.1:9000/g' /etc/php/8.2/fpm/pool.d/www.conf


修改 /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
第一行 
user  www-data;

然后，
rm -f /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf 文件内容如下

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;
    charset utf-8 ;
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;
    root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    index index.php  index.html index.htm;
    error_page 404  500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
    }
    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

添加一个 php 文件如下：


vi /usr/share/nginx/html/1.php

<?php
phpinfo();

启动 php-fpm 和 nginx 并验证安装正确


/etc/init.d/nginx start
/etc/init.d/php8.2-fpm start

curl localhost/1.php
# 如果能看到很多的大量输出，说明php和nginx正确安装了。

安装 mysql 8

apt install mysql-server-8.0 mysql-client-8.0



# 查看初始密码：
grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

# 用查看到的密码进入mysql 的 shell
mysql -uroot -p

下面，整套设置新用户流程，先改初始，再加新用户并授权，再删除老用户。

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'tb4Wn3BthR.';
flush privileges;

create user 'root'@'%' identified by 'root1234';
ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'root1234';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%';
drop user root@localhost;
flush privileges;

退出 shell，重新进入。

现在就可以直接进入 shell

mysql -uroot -proot1234

# 这句话查看用户的加密方式。
select user, host, plugin from mysql.user\G;

# plugin: caching_sha2_password 表示老的MySQL客户端无法连接！

安装 redis 6 以及其他常用库

说明，安装 redis 7 需要下二进制包编译，坚决不编译，所以没搞。


curl -fsSL https://packages.redis.io/gpg | gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/redis-archive-keyring.gpg

echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/redis-archive-keyring.gpg] https://packages.redis.io/deb $(lsb_release -cs) main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/redis.list

apt-get update

apt-get install redis-stack-server

注意和上面版本不同，如想安装 redis5

如想redis5，啥源都不需要，直接