11.2rac中，snapshot controlfile位置一定要改到共享目录下

11.2rac中，snapshot controlfile位置一定要改到共享目录下，否则在rman备份时，会遇到（不是每次都遇到）如下错误：

[oracle@hosta logs]$ more backup_2015-08-31

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Aug 31 02:30:01 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: orcl (DBID=987654321)

RMAN> run
2> {
3> allocate channel ch1 type disk;
4> allocate channel ch2 type disk;
5> allocate channel ch3 type disk;
6> allocate channel ch4 type disk;
7> backup as compressed backupset database format '/rmanbackup/full_%U';
8> crosscheck backup;
9> delete obsolete;
10> release channel ch1;
11> release channel ch2;
12> release channel ch3;
13> release channel ch4;
14> }
15> 
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ch1
channel ch1: SID=912 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK

allocated channel: ch2
channel ch2: SID=939 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK

allocated channel: ch3
channel ch3: SID=1054 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK

allocated channel: ch4
channel ch4: SID=1268 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK

Starting backup at 31-AUG-2015 02:30:04
channel ch1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ch1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=+DATA/orcl/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=+DATA/orcl/users02.dbf
input datafile file number=00009 name=+DATA/orcl/users06.dbf
input datafile file number=00013 name=+DATA/orcl/users09.dbf
input datafile file number=00019 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/users.303.886806341
channel ch1: starting piece 1 at 31-AUG-2015 02:30:05
channel ch2: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ch2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00003 name=+DATA/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=+DATA/orcl/users04.dbf
input datafile file number=00011 name=+DATA/orcl/orclusers05.dbf
input datafile file number=00015 name=+DATA/standby/datafile/undotbs2.292.880428203
input datafile file number=00018 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/system.300.886007889
channel ch2: starting piece 1 at 31-AUG-2015 02:30:06
channel ch3: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ch3: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00004 name=+DATA/orcl/users01.dbf
input datafile file number=00008 name=+DATA/orcl/users05.dbf
input datafile file number=00012 name=+DATA/orcl/users08.dbf
input datafile file number=00016 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/users.304.886007045
input datafile file number=00017 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/users.297.886007285
channel ch3: starting piece 1 at 31-AUG-2015 02:30:06
channel ch4: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ch4: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00002 name=+DATA/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/orcl/users03.dbf
input datafile file number=00010 name=+DATA/orcl/users07.dbf
input datafile file number=00014 name=+DATA/orcl/users10.dbf
channel ch4: starting piece 1 at 31-AUG-2015 02:30:07
channel ch2: finished piece 1 at 31-AUG-2015 03:11:52
piece handle=/rmanbackup/full_g1qfuntd_1_1 tag=TAG20150831T023005 comment=NONE
channel ch2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:41:46
channel ch2: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ch2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ch2 channel at 08/31/2015 03:11:54
ORA-00245: control file backup failed; target is likely on a local file system
continuing other job steps, job failed will not be re-run
channel ch2: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ch2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ch2: starting piece 1 at 31-AUG-2015 03:11:54
channel ch2: finished piece 1 at 31-AUG-2015 03:11:55
piece handle=/rmanbackup/full_g5qfuqbq_1_1 tag=TAG20150831T023005 comment=NONE
channel ch2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ch4: finished piece 1 at 31-AUG-2015 03:33:29
piece handle=/rmanbackup/full_g3qfunte_1_1 tag=TAG20150831T023005 comment=NONE
channel ch4: backup set complete, elapsed time: 01:03:22
channel ch3: finished piece 1 at 31-AUG-2015 03:33:59
piece handle=/rmanbackup/full_g2qfunte_1_1 tag=TAG20150831T023005 comment=NONE
channel ch3: backup set complete, elapsed time: 01:03:53
channel ch1: finished piece 1 at 31-AUG-2015 03:43:29
piece handle=/rmanbackup/full_g0qfuntd_1_1 tag=TAG20150831T023005 comment=NONE
channel ch1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 01:13:24
released channel: ch1
released channel: ch2
released channel: ch3
released channel: ch4
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ch2 channel at 08/31/2015 03:11:54
ORA-00245: control file backup failed; target is likely on a local file system

Recovery Manager complete.

解决方法：

ORA-245: In RAC environment from 11.2onwards Backup Or Snapshot controlfile needs to be in shared location (文档 ID 1472171.1)

RMAN> CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '+FRA/snapcf_orcl.f';