SpringBoot与数据库访问

SpringBoot与数据库访问

JDBC

1、引入start

我们创建一个SpringBoot项目，引入jdbc以及mysql，在pom文件中可以看到引入的包

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
         <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

2、配置一个数据库连接

spring:
  datasource:
    username: root
    data-password: 123456
    url: jdbc:mysql://119.3.223.115:3306/jdbc
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

3、编写一个测试类

@Autowired
    DataSource dataSource;

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() throws SQLException {
        //dataSource.getClass()class com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
        System.out.println("dataSource.getClass():"+dataSource.getClass());

        Connection connection=dataSource.getConnection();

        System.out.println("connection:"+connection);
        connection.close();
    }

效果：
默认是使用org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc作为数据源：
数据源的相关配置都在DataSourceProperties里边

public class DataSourceProperties implements BeanClassLoaderAware, InitializingBean {
    private ClassLoader classLoader;
    private String name;
    private boolean generateUniqueName;
    private Class<? extends DataSource> type;
    private String driverClassName;
    private String url;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String jndiName;
    private DataSourceInitializationMode initializationMode;
    private String platform;
    private List<String> schema;
    private String schemaUsername;
    private String schemaPassword;
    private List<String> data;
    private String dataUsername;
    private String dataPassword;
    private boolean continueOnError;
    private String separator;
    private Charset sqlScriptEncoding;
    private EmbeddedDatabaseConnection embeddedDatabaseConnection;
    private DataSourceProperties.Xa xa;
    private String uniqueName;

原理：
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc：
1、参考DataSourceConfiguration，根据配置床架的数据源，若没有规定spring.datasource.type的种类。则默认使用com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource的数据库连接池
2、目前2.1.8的springboot默认支持三类
【BasicDataSource（Dbcp2），HikariDataSource，org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource】
3、或者我们可以自定义数据源

@Configuration
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean({DataSource.class})
    @ConditionalOnProperty(
        name = {"spring.datasource.type"}
    )
    static class Generic {
        Generic() {
        }

        @Bean
        public DataSource dataSource(DataSourceProperties properties) {
        //利用DataSourceBuilder创建数据源，利用反射创建响应type的数据源、并且绑定属性
            return properties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().build();
        }
    }