python与正则

python常用正则表达式

1. re.compile(string[,flag])
2. re.match(pattern,string[,flags])
3. re.search(pattern,string[,flags])
4. re.split(pattern,string[,maxsplit])
5. re.findall(pattern,string[,flags])
6. re.finditer(pattern,string[,flags])
7. re.sub(pattern,repl,string[,flags])
8. re.subn(pattern,repl,string[,count])

---

• re.compile(string[,flag])

pattern = re.compile(r'\d+')

• re.match(pattern,string[,flags])

import re
# 将正则表达式编译成pattern对象
pattern = re.compile(r'\d+')
# 使用re.match匹配文本，获取匹配结果，无法匹配时返回None
result1 = re.match(pattern,'192abc')
if result1:
    print(result1.group())
else:
    print('匹配失败1')
result2 = re.match(pattern,'abc122')
if result2:
    print(result2.group())
else:
    print('匹配失败2')

• re.search(pattern,string[,flags])

import re
# 将正则表达式编译成pattern对象
pattern = re.compile(r'\d+')
# 使用re.search匹配文本获取匹配结果；无法匹配时将返回None
result = re.search(pattern,'abc123wef')
if result:
    print(result.group())
else:
    print('error')

• re.split(pattern,string[,maxsplit])

pattern = re.compile(r'\d+')
print(re.split(pattern,'A1b2n3n5n7'))

• re.findall(pattern,string[,flags])

print(re.findall(pattern,'a1b2c3d4'))

• re.finditer(pattern,string[,flags])

matchiter = re.finditer(pattern,'a1b2c3d4')
for match in matchiter:
     print(match.group())

• re.sub(pattern,repl,string[,flags])

p = re.compile(r'(?P<word1>\w+) (?P<word2>\w+)')# 使用名称引用
s = 'i say, hello world!'
printp.sub(r'\g<word2> \g<word1>', s)
p = re.compile(r'(\w+) (\w+)')# 使用编号
printp.sub(r'\2 \1',s)
def func(m):
    returnm.group(1).title() + ' '+ m.group(2).title()
printp.sub(func, s)

• re.subn(pattern,repl,string[,count])

s = 'i say, hello world!'
p = re.compile(r'(\w+) (\w+)')
printp.subn(r'\2 \1',s)
def func(m):
    returnm.group(1).title() + ' '+ m.group(2).title()
printp.subn(func, s)