Java实现集合，文件，数组排序

 

System.out.print("before sort: ");

for (int i = 0; i< arr.length; i++)

System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");

System.out.println();

 

Arrays.sort(arr);

System.out.print("after sort: ");

for (int i = 0; i< arr.length; i++)

System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");

System.out.println();

输出结果：

before sort: 2 3 1 10 7 4

after sort: 1 2 3 4 7 10

我们看到排序结果是按照升序排列的，下面的排序都是如此。

 

对象的排序

对象可以放在数组里，同样调用Arrays.sort(Object[] arr)即可；也可以放到集里，用java.util.Collections的

sort(List list)。

但是这个类必须实现了java.lang.Comparable接口。这个接口只有一个方法：int compartTo(Object o)，

当本对象比传入的对象大时，返回一个正整数。 以类Programmer为例：

class Programmer implements Comparable{

private String name;

private String language;

private double pay;

public Programmer(String name, String language, double pay) {

this.name = name;

this.language = language;

this.pay = pay;

}

 

public int compareTo(Object o) {

Programmer other = (Programmer)o;

return (int)pay - (int)other.pay;

}

 

public String toString(){

return "{name: " + name + ", language: " + language + ", money: " + pay + "}";

}

}

对其进行排序：

ArrayList list = new ArrayList();

list.add(new Programmer("张三", "C", 12000));

list.add(new Programmer("李四", "Java", 200));

list.add(new Programmer("王五", "C++", 5000));

list.add(new Programmer("钱六", "VB", 3000));

System.out.println("before sort: " + list);

Collections.sort(list);

System.out.println("after sort: " + list);

输出：

before sort: [{name: 张三, language: C, money: 12000.0}, {name: 李四, language: Java, money: 200.0},

{name: 王五, language: C++, money: 5000.0}, {name: 钱六, language: VB, money: 3000.0}]

after sort: [{name: 李四, language: Java, money: 200.0}, {name: 钱六, language: VB, money: 3000.0},

{name: 王五, language: C++, money: 5000.0}, {name: 张三, language: C, money: 12000.0}]

 

够简单吧！查查Comparable的javadoc可以知道，有很多类已经实现了该接口，因此对这些类的排序几行代码就可以搞定。

最近看C#发现其中用System.Array.sort对数组排序，适用于所有实现了IComparable接口的对象，看来微软的借鉴能力还真是强啊！

 

对已有类进行排序

上面的方法有一个问题，就是一个类已经存在了，并且没有实现Comparable接口，使用一个子类进行封装？

很麻烦（你可以对下面的例子试试）。还有一种情况就是对一个类没法实现多种排序。以File类为例，它实现了Comparable接口，

但是是按照名称排序的。如果要按照大小排序，或者按修改时间排序呢？对这两种情况，使用java.util包的Comparator接口：

Arrays.sort(Object[] arr, Comparator com)

Collections.sort(Object[] arr, Comparator com)

Comparator接口的方法：

public int compare(Object o1, Object o2) 当o1比o2大时返回一个正整数

public boolean equals(Object obj) 判断obj与这个Comparator是否同一个对象

下面使用Comparator对文件实现了按文件大小或修改时间排序：

class FileUtils {

static class CompratorByLastModified implements Comparator {

public int compare(Object o1, Object o2) {

File file1 = (File)o1;

File file2 = (File)o2;

long diff = file1.lastModified() - file2.lastModified();

if (diff > 0)

return 1;

else if (diff == 0)

return 0;

else

return -1;

}

 

public boolean equals(Object obj){

return true; //简单做法

}

}

 

static class CompratorBySize implements Comparator {

public int compare(Object o1, Object o2) {

File file1 = (File)o1;

File file2 = (File)o2;

long diff = file1.length() - file2.length();

if (diff > 0)

return 1;

else if (diff == 0)

return 0;

else

return -1;

}

 

public boolean equals(Object obj){

return true; //简单做法

}

}

 

}

调用的示例：

File dir = new File("C:\\temp");

File[] files = dir.listFiles();

 

System.out.print("before sort: ");

for (int i = 0; i< files.length; i++)

System.out.print(files[i] + " ");

System.out.println();

 

Arrays.sort(files);

System.out.print("sort by name: ");

for (int i = 0; i< files.length; i++)

System.out.print(files[i] + " ");

System.out.println();

 

Arrays.sort(files, new FileUtils.CompratorBySize());

System.out.print("sort by size: ");

for (int i = 0; i< files.length; i++)

System.out.print(files[i] + " ");

System.out.println();

 

Arrays.sort(files, new FileUtils.CompratorByLastModified());

System.out.print("sort by last modified: ");

for (int i = 0; i< files.length; i++)

System.out.print(files[i] + " ");

System.out.println();

 

自己找个目录试一下吧。用这些Java类库中的方法，一般情况下应该是不用自己写排序算法了吧？

 

最后附上完整代码占点版面：

import java.io.*;

import java.util.*;

public class TestSort {

public static void main(String[] args) {

sortSimpleType();

sortComparable();

sortComparator();

}

 

public static void sortSimpleType() {

int[] arr = {2, 3, 1,10,7,4};

System.out.print("before sort: ");

for (int i = 0; i< arr.length; i++)

System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");

System.out.println();

Arrays.sort(arr);

System.out.print("after sort: ");

for (int i = 0; i< arr.length; i++)

System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");

System.out.println();

}

 

public static void sortComparable() {

ArrayList list = new ArrayList();

list.add(new Programmer("张三", "C", 12000));

list.add(new Programmer("李四", "Java", 200));

list.add(new Programmer("王五", "C++", 5000));

list.add(new Programmer("钱六", "VB", 3000));

System.out.println("before sort: " + list);

Collections.sort(list);

System.out.println("after sort: " + list);

}

 

public static void sortComparator() {

File dir = new File("C:\\java");

File[] files = dir.listFiles();

 

System.out.print("before sort: ");

for (int i = 0; i< files.length; i++)

System.out.println(files[i] + " ");

System.out.println();

 

Arrays.sort(files);

System.out.print("sort by name: ");

for (int i = 0; i< files.length; i++)

System.out.println(files[i] + " ");

System.out.println();

 

Arrays.sort(files, new FileUtils.CompratorBySize());

System.out.print("sort by size: ");

for (int i = 0; i< files.length; i++)

System.out.println(files[i] + " ");

System.out.println();

 

Arrays.sort(files, new FileUtils.CompratorByLastModified());

System.out.print("sort by last modified: ");

for (int i = 0; i< files.length; i++)

System.out.println(files[i] + " ");

System.out.println();

 

}

}

 

class Programmer implements Comparable{

private String name;

private String language;

private double pay;

 

public Programmer(String name, String language, double pay) {

this.name = name;

this.language = language;

this.pay = pay;

}

 

public int compareTo(Object o) {

Programmer other = (Programmer)o;

return (int)pay - (int)other.pay;

}

 

public String toString(){

return "{name: " + name + ", language: " + language + ", money: " + pay + "}";

}

}

 

class FileUtils {

static class CompratorByLastModified implements Comparator {

public int compare(Object o1, Object o2) {

File file1 = (File)o1;

File file2 = (File)o2;

long diff = file1.lastModified() - file2.lastModified();

if (diff > 0)

return 1;

else if (diff == 0)

return 0;

else

return -1;

}

 

public boolean equals(Object obj){

return true; //简单做法

}

}

 

static class CompratorBySize implements Comparator {

public int compare(Object o1, Object o2) {

File file1 = (File)o1;

File file2 = (File)o2;

long diff = file1.length() - file2.length();

if (diff > 0)

return 1;

else if (diff == 0)

return 0;

else

return -1;

}

 

public boolean equals(Object obj){

return true; //简单做法

}

}

}

运行结果：

C:\java>java TestSort

before sort: 2 3 1 10 7 4

after sort: 1 2 3 4 7 10

before sort: [{name: 张三, language: C, money: 12000.0}, {name: 李四, language:

Java, money: 200.0}, {name: 王五, language: C++, money: 5000.0}, {name: 钱六, language: VB, money: 3000.0}]

after sort: [{name: 李四, language: Java, money: 200.0}, {name: 钱六, language:

VB, money: 3000.0}, {name: 王五, language: C++, money: 5000.0}, {name: 张三, language: C, money: 12000.0}]

before sort: C:\java\class.bat

C:\java\onlyfun

C:\java\build.xml

C:\java\1.txt

C:\java\native.bat

C:\java\hib.bat

C:\java\hjar

C:\java\src

C:\java\xdoclet

C:\java\lib2

C:\java\jsf.bat

C:\java\struts.bat

C:\java\TestSort.java

C:\java\TestSort.class

C:\java\jar

C:\java\messages_zh_TW1.properties

C:\java\messages.properties

C:\java\messages_zh_TW.properties

C:\java\Programmer.class

C:\java\FileUtils$CompratorByLastModified.class

C:\java\FileUtils$CompratorBySize.class

C:\java\FileUtils.class

C:\java\lib

C:\java\bean.xml

sort by name: C:\java\1.txt

C:\java\bean.xml

C:\java\build.xml

C:\java\class.bat

C:\java\FileUtils$CompratorByLastModified.class

C:\java\FileUtils$CompratorBySize.class

C:\java\FileUtils.class

C:\java\hib.bat

C:\java\hjar

C:\java\jar

C:\java\jsf.bat

C:\java\lib

C:\java\lib2

C:\java\messages.properties

C:\java\messages_zh_TW.properties

C:\java\messages_zh_TW1.properties

C:\java\native.bat

C:\java\onlyfun

C:\java\Programmer.class

C:\java\src

C:\java\struts.bat

C:\java\TestSort.class

C:\java\TestSort.java

C:\java\xdoclet

sort by size: C:\java\hjar

C:\java\jar

C:\java\lib

C:\java\lib2

C:\java\onlyfun

C:\java\src

C:\java\xdoclet

C:\java\1.txt

C:\java\native.bat

C:\java\jsf.bat

C:\java\struts.bat

C:\java\class.bat

C:\java\FileUtils.class

C:\java\hib.bat

C:\java\messages.properties

C:\java\FileUtils$CompratorBySize.class

C:\java\FileUtils$CompratorByLastModified.class

C:\java\bean.xml

C:\java\Programmer.class

C:\java\messages_zh_TW.properties

C:\java\messages_zh_TW1.properties

C:\java\build.xml

C:\java\TestSort.class

C:\java\TestSort.java

sort by last modified: C:\java\lib

C:\java\jar

C:\java\hjar

C:\java\onlyfun

C:\java\1.txt

C:\java\hib.bat

C:\java\src

C:\java\xdoclet

C:\java\build.xml

C:\java\lib2

C:\java\bean.xml

C:\java\class.bat

C:\java\struts.bat

C:\java\messages.properties

C:\java\messages_zh_TW1.properties

C:\java\messages_zh_TW.properties

C:\java\jsf.bat

C:\java\native.bat

C:\java\TestSort.java

C:\java\FileUtils.class

C:\java\FileUtils$CompratorBySize.class

C:\java\FileUtils$CompratorByLastModified.class

C:\java\Programmer.class

C:\java\TestSort.class

C:\java>