实战案例
查询2015年1月到12个月的所有实有人口数量和往年2014年1月到12个月的实有人口数量，没有的月份显示 人口数量为0.类似效果如图
创建表
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create
table
PERSONSITUATION
(
id NUMBER
not
null
,
rdate
DATE
,
nums NUMBER
)
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插入数据
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insert
into
PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums)
values
(1, to_date(
'26-01-2015'
,
'dd-mm-yyyy'
), 131);
insert
into
PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums)
values
(2, to_date(
'27-01-2013'
,
'dd-mm-yyyy'
), 232);
insert
into
PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums)
values
(3, to_date(
'18-10-2013'
,
'dd-mm-yyyy'
), 222);
insert
into
PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums)
values
(4, to_date(
'20-01-2015'
,
'dd-mm-yyyy'
), 232);
insert
into
PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums)
values
(5, to_date(
'28-01-2015'
,
'dd-mm-yyyy'
), 422);
insert
into
PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums)
values
(6, to_date(
'26-02-2015'
,
'dd-mm-yyyy'
), 232);
insert
into
PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums)
values
(7, to_date(
'29-01-2014'
,
'dd-mm-yyyy'
), 225);
insert
into
PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums)
values
(8, to_date(
'31-01-2015'
,
'dd-mm-yyyy'
), 111);
insert
into
PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums)
values
(9, to_date(
'25-01-2013'
,
'dd-mm-yyyy'
), 211);
insert
into
PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums)
values
(10, to_date(
'25-01-2013'
,
'dd-mm-yyyy'
), 251);
insert
into
PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums)
values
(11, to_date(
'25-01-2013'
,
'dd-mm-yyyy'
), 262);
insert
into
PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums)
values
(12, to_date(
'25-08-2015'
,
'dd-mm-yyyy'
), 233);
insert
into
PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums)
values
(13, to_date(
'25-01-2013'
,
'dd-mm-yyyy'
), 211);
insert
into
PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums)
values
(14, to_date(
'25-02-2014'
,
'dd-mm-yyyy'
), 222);
insert
into
PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums)
values
(15, to_date(
'25-03-2012'
,
'dd-mm-yyyy'
), 209);
insert
into
PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums)
values
(16, to_date(
'25-01-2012'
,
'dd-mm-yyyy'
), 219);
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select
to_char(rdate,
'yyyy-mm'
) rdate,
sum
(nums) nums
from
personsituation
where
to_char(rdate,
'yyyy'
)=
'2015'
group
by
to_char(rdate,
'yyyy-mm'
)
order
by
rdate
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正确的分析是：必须是12条数据，而且是统计的结果的12条数据，从这里入手编写如下Sql语句，显示12个列的统计数据，先查询出一年的数据，然后再连接另外一条数据拼接
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select
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'01'
,nums,0)) nums01,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'02'
,nums,0)) nums02,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'03'
,nums,0)) nums03,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'04'
,nums,0)) nums04,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'05'
,nums,0)) nums05,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'06'
,nums,0)) nums06,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'07'
,nums,0)) nums07,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'08'
,nums,0)) nums08,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'09'
,nums,0)) nums09,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'10'
,nums,0)) nums10,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'11'
,nums,0)) nums11,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'12'
,nums,0)) nums12
from
personsituation
where
to_char(rdate,
'yyyy'
)=
'2015'
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而前端页面显示的结果有两种可能性，一种是横向展示，一种是纵向展示，可以使用下面的sql语句进行列转行的转换得到如下结果
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select
*
from
(
select
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'01'
,nums,0)) nums01,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'02'
,nums,0)) nums02,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'03'
,nums,0)) nums03,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'04'
,nums,0)) nums04,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'05'
,nums,0)) nums05,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'06'
,nums,0)) nums06,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'07'
,nums,0)) nums07,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'08'
,nums,0)) nums08,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'09'
,nums,0)) nums09,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'10'
,nums,0)) nums10,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'11'
,nums,0)) nums11,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'12'
,nums,0)) nums12
from
personsituation
where
to_char(rdate,
'yyyy'
)=
'2015'
) unpivot (sum2015
for
years
in
(nums01,nums02,nums03,nums04,nums05,nums06,nums07,nums08,nums09,nums10,nums11,nums12) )
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最后一步就是和往年的数据对比使用left join查询
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select
A.years,A.SUM2015,B.SUM2014
from
(
select
*
from
(
select
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'01'
,nums,0)) nums01,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'02'
,nums,0)) nums02,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'03'
,nums,0)) nums03,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'04'
,nums,0)) nums04,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'05'
,nums,0)) nums05,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'06'
,nums,0)) nums06,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'07'
,nums,0)) nums07,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'08'
,nums,0)) nums08,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'09'
,nums,0)) nums09,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'10'
,nums,0)) nums10,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'11'
,nums,0)) nums11,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'12'
,nums,0)) nums12
from
personsituation
where
to_char(rdate,
'yyyy'
)=
'2015'
) unpivot (sum2015
for
years
in
(nums01,nums02,nums03,nums04,nums05,nums06,nums07,nums08,nums09,nums10,nums11,nums12) )) A
left
join
(
select
*
from
(
select
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'01'
,nums,0)) nums01,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'02'
,nums,0)) nums02,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'03'
,nums,0)) nums03,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'04'
,nums,0)) nums04,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'05'
,nums,0)) nums05,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'06'
,nums,0)) nums06,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'07'
,nums,0)) nums07,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'08'
,nums,0)) nums08,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'09'
,nums,0)) nums09,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'10'
,nums,0)) nums10,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'11'
,nums,0)) nums11,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'12'
,nums,0)) nums12
from
personsituation
where
to_char(rdate,
'yyyy'
)=
'2014'
) unpivot (sum2014
for
years
in
(nums01,nums02,nums03,nums04,nums05,nums06,nums07,nums08,nums09,nums10,nums11,nums12) )) B
on
A.years = B.years
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实现与效果图一样的数据，可以将sql中的nums01...nums12改为1月...12月
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select
A.years,A.SUM1,B.SUM2
from
(
select
*
from
(
select
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'01'
,nums,0)) 一月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'02'
,nums,0)) 二月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'03'
,nums,0)) 三月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'04'
,nums,0)) 四月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'05'
,nums,0)) 五月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'06'
,nums,0)) 六月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'07'
,nums,0)) 七月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'08'
,nums,0)) 八月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'09'
,nums,0)) 九月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'10'
,nums,0)) 十月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'11'
,nums,0)) 十一月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'12'
,nums,0)) 十二月
from
personsituation
where
to_char(rdate,
'yyyy'
)=
'2015'
) unpivot (sum1
for
years
in
(一月,二月,三月,四月,五月,六月,七月,八月, 九月,十月,十一月,十二月) )) A
left
join
(
select
*
from
(
select
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'01'
,nums,0)) 一月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'02'
,nums,0)) 二月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'03'
,nums,0)) 三月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'04'
,nums,0)) 四月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'05'
,nums,0)) 五月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'06'
,nums,0)) 六月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'07'
,nums,0)) 七月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'08'
,nums,0)) 八月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'09'
,nums,0)) 九月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'10'
,nums,0)) 十月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'11'
,nums,0)) 十一月,
sum
(decode(to_char(rdate,
'mm'
),
'12'
,nums,0)) 十二月
from
personsituation
where
to_char(rdate,
'yyyy'
)=
'2014'
) unpivot (sum2
for
years
in
(一月,二月,三月,四月,五月,六月,七月,八月, 九月,十月,十一月,十二月) )) B
on
A.years = B.years
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