xml模式的springioc加载过程

核心接口
beanfactory
beandefinitions
resource

WebApplicationContext：是一个接口子类实现有XmlWebApplicationContext，就是一个ioc容器

核心类

XmlWebApplicationContext

DefaultListableBeanFactory

AbstractApplicationContext
AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext
AbstractXmlApplicationContext
AbstractBeanDefinitionReader
XmlBeanDefinitionReader
DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader
BeanDefinitionReaderUtils

1、org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener类中执行的方法
首先在tomcat启动时会主动加载或者调用servlet的监听器，servelt的监听器在启动的时候会调用contextInitialized这个特方法,spring就是通过这个方法去创建ioc和对bean的注入

public class ContextLoaderListener extends ContextLoader implements ServletContextListener {

    //servlet初始化的时候调用这个方法
    @Override
    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
        initWebApplicationContext(event.getServletContext());
    }

    //servlet销毁的时候调用这个方法
    @Override
    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent servletContextEvent) {

    }
}

2、org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader类中执行
initWebApplicationContext 就方法名称就可以看出是初始化WebApplicationContext 这个类以及具体初始化的实现会在
configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext方法中去初始化webApplicationContext（这里只复制部分代码）

public WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
	............
			if (this.context == null) {
				this.context = createWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
			}
			if (this.context instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {
				ConfigurableWebApplicationContext cwac = (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) this.context;
				if (!cwac.isActive()) {
.....
						ApplicationContext parent = loadParentContext(servletContext);
						cwac.setParent(parent);
					}
					configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(cwac, servletContext);
				}
			}
			........
	}
protected void configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac, ServletContext sc) {
		.....
		wac.refresh();
	}

3、org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext类中执行
将xml中配置的bean注入到springioc容器中，之后将bean的对象注入到ioc中管理的对象中

public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
		synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
			//调用容器准备刷新的方法，获取容器的当时时间，同时给容器设置同步标识
			prepareRefresh();
			//告诉子类启动refreshBeanFactory()方法，Bean定义资源文件的载入从
			//子类的refreshBeanFactory()方法启动
			ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
			//为BeanFactory配置容器特性，例如类加载器、事件处理器等
			prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
			try {
				//为容器的某些子类指定特殊的BeanPost事件处理器
				postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
				//调用所有注册的BeanFactoryPostProcessor的Bean
				invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
				// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
				//为BeanFactory注册BeanPost事件处理器.
				//BeanPostProcessor是Bean后置处理器，用于监听容器触发的事件
				registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
				//初始化信息源，和国际化相关.
				initMessageSource();
				//初始化容器事件传播器.
				initApplicationEventMulticaster();
				//调用子类的某些特殊Bean初始化方法
				onRefresh();
				//为事件传播器注册事件监听器.
				registerListeners();
				//初始化所有剩余的单例Bean
				finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
				//初始化容器的生命周期事件处理器，并发布容器的生命周期事件
				finishRefresh();
			}catch (BeansException ex) {
				if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
					logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
				}
				//销毁已创建的Bean
				destroyBeans();.
				//取消refresh操作，重置容器的同步标识.
				cancelRefresh(ex);
				throw ex;
			}
			finally {	
				resetCommonCaches();
			}
		}
	}

4、在调用obtainFreshBeanFactory方法在调用refreshBeanFactory时会用到委派模式，根据父类的不同去掉用不同的refreshBeanFactory的实现

	protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() {
		//这里使用了委派设计模式，父类定义了抽象的refreshBeanFactory()方法，具体实现调用子类容器的refreshBeanFactory()方法
		refreshBeanFactory();
		ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory();
		if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			logger.debug("Bean factory for " + getDisplayName() + ": " + beanFactory);
		}
		return beanFactory;
	}

5、org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext类
在调用refreshBeanFactory方法会创建ioc容器，并对xml进行解析

protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
		//如果已经有容器，销毁容器中的bean，关闭容器
		if (hasBeanFactory()) {
			destroyBeans();
			closeBeanFactory();
		}
		try {
			//创建IOC容器
			DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
			beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
			//对IOC容器进行定制化，如设置启动参数，开启注解的自动装配等
			customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
			//调用载入Bean定义的方法，主要这里又使用了一个委派模式，在当前类中只定义了抽象的loadBeanDefinitions方法，具体的实现调用子类容器
			loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
			synchronized (this.beanFactoryMonitor) {
				this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
			}
		}
		catch (IOException ex) {
			throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex);
		}
	}

6、org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext类中
调用loadBeanDefinitions对xml读取配置文件并对xml进行解析

	//实现父类抽象的载入Bean定义方法
	protected void loadBeanDefinitions(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException, IOException {
		//创建XmlBeanDefinitionReader，即创建Bean读取器，并通过回调设置到容器中去，容  器使用该读取器读取Bean定义资源
		XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory);
		//为Bean读取器设置Spring资源加载器，AbstractXmlApplicationContext的
		//祖先父类AbstractApplicationContext继承DefaultResourceLoader，因此，容器本身也是一个资源加载器
		beanDefinitionReader.setEnvironment(this.getEnvironment());
		beanDefinitionReader.setResourceLoader(this);
		//为Bean读取器设置SAX xml解析器
		beanDefinitionReader.setEntityResolver(new ResourceEntityResolver(this));
		//当Bean读取器读取Bean定义的Xml资源文件时，启用Xml的校验机制
		initBeanDefinitionReader(beanDefinitionReader);
		//Bean读取器真正实现加载的方法
		loadBeanDefinitions(beanDefinitionReader);
	}
		//Xml Bean读取器加载Bean定义资源
	protected void loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader) throws BeansException, IOException {
		//获取Bean定义资源的定位
		Resource[] configResources = getConfigResources();
		if (configResources != null) {
			//Xml Bean读取器调用其父类AbstractBeanDefinitionReader读取定位
			//的Bean定义资源
			reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configResources);
		}
		//如果子类中获取的Bean定义资源定位为空，则获取FileSystemXmlApplicationContext构造方法中setConfigLocations方法设置的资源
		String[] configLocations = getConfigLocations();
		if (configLocations != null) {
			//Xml Bean读取器调用其父类AbstractBeanDefinitionReader读取定位
			//的Bean定义资源
			reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configLocations);
		}
	}
	//重载方法，调用loadBeanDefinitions(String);
	@Override
	public int loadBeanDefinitions(String... locations) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
		Assert.notNull(locations, "Location array must not be null");
		int counter = 0;
		for (String location : locations) {
			counter += loadBeanDefinitions(location);
		}
		return counter;
	}

7、org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader类中

	//重载方法，调用下面的loadBeanDefinitions(String, Set<Resource>);方法
	@Override
	public int loadBeanDefinitions(String location) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
		return loadBeanDefinitions(location, null);
	}
	public int loadBeanDefinitions(String location, @Nullable Set<Resource> actualResources) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
		//获取在IoC容器初始化过程中设置的资源加载器
		ResourceLoader resourceLoader = getResourceLoader();
		if (resourceLoader == null) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
					"Cannot import bean definitions from location [" + location + "]: no ResourceLoader available");
		}

		if (resourceLoader instanceof ResourcePatternResolver) {
			// Resource pattern matching available.
			try {
				//将指定位置的Bean定义资源文件解析为Spring IOC容器封装的资源
				//加载多个指定位置的Bean定义资源文件
				Resource[] resources = ((ResourcePatternResolver) resourceLoader).getResources(location);
				//委派调用其子类XmlBeanDefinitionReader的方法，实现加载功能
				int loadCount = loadBeanDefinitions(resources);
				if (actualResources != null) {
					for (Resource resource : resources) {
						actualResources.add(resource);
					}
				}
				if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
					logger.debug("Loaded " + loadCount + " bean definitions from location pattern [" + location + "]");
				}
				return loadCount;
			}
			catch (IOException ex) {
				throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
						"Could not resolve bean definition resource pattern [" + location + "]", ex);
			}
		}
		else {
			// Can only load single resources by absolute URL.
			//将指定位置的Bean定义资源文件解析为Spring IOC容器封装的资源
			//加载单个指定位置的Bean定义资源文件
			Resource resource = resourceLoader.getResource(location);
			//委派调用其子类XmlBeanDefinitionReader的方法，实现加载功能
			int loadCount = loadBeanDefinitions(resource);
			if (actualResources != null) {
				actualResources.add(resource);
			}
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Loaded " + loadCount + " bean definitions from location [" + location + "]");
			}
			return loadCount;
		}
	}
	@Override
	public int loadBeanDefinitions(Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
		//将读入的XML资源进行特殊编码处理
		return loadBeanDefinitions(new EncodedResource(resource));
	}
//这里是载入XML形式Bean定义资源文件方法
	public int loadBeanDefinitions(EncodedResource encodedResource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
		Assert.notNull(encodedResource, "EncodedResource must not be null");
		if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
			logger.info("Loading XML bean definitions from " + encodedResource.getResource());
		}

		Set<EncodedResource> currentResources = this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.get();
		if (currentResources == null) {
			currentResources = new HashSet<>(4);
			this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.set(currentResources);
		}
		if (!currentResources.add(encodedResource)) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
					"Detected cyclic loading of " + encodedResource + " - check your import definitions!");
		}
		try {
			//将资源文件转为InputStream的IO流
			InputStream inputStream = encodedResource.getResource().getInputStream();
			try {
				//从InputStream中得到XML的解析源
				InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(inputStream);
				if (encodedResource.getEncoding() != null) {
					inputSource.setEncoding(encodedResource.getEncoding());
				}
				//这里是具体的读取过程
				return doLoadBeanDefinitions(inputSource, encodedResource.getResource());
			}
			finally {
				//关闭从Resource中得到的IO流
				inputStream.close();
			}
		}
		catch (IOException ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
					"IOException parsing XML document from " + encodedResource.getResource(), ex);
		}
		finally {
			currentResources.remove(encodedResource);
			if (currentResources.isEmpty()) {
				this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.remove();
			}
		}
	}
//从特定XML文件中实际载入Bean定义资源的方法
	protected int doLoadBeanDefinitions(InputSource inputSource, Resource resource)
			throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
		try {
			//将XML文件转换为DOM对象，解析过程由documentLoader实现
			Document doc = doLoadDocument(inputSource, resource);
			//这里是启动对Bean定义解析的详细过程，该解析过程会用到Spring的Bean配置规则
			return registerBeanDefinitions(doc, resource);
		}
		catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
			throw ex;
		}
		catch (SAXParseException ex) {
			throw new XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"Line " + ex.getLineNumber() + " in XML document from " + resource + " is invalid", ex);
		}
		catch (SAXException ex) {
			throw new XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"XML document from " + resource + " is invalid", ex);
		}
		catch (ParserConfigurationException ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"Parser configuration exception parsing XML from " + resource, ex);
		}
		catch (IOException ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"IOException parsing XML document from " + resource, ex);
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"Unexpected exception parsing XML document from " + resource, ex);
		}
	}
	//按照Spring的Bean语义要求将Bean定义资源解析并转换为容器内部数据结构
	public int registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
		//得到BeanDefinitionDocumentReader来对xml格式的BeanDefinition解析
		BeanDefinitionDocumentReader documentReader = createBeanDefinitionDocumentReader();
		//获得容器中注册的Bean数量
		int countBefore = getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount();
		//解析过程入口，这里使用了委派模式，BeanDefinitionDocumentReader只是个接口,
		//具体的解析实现过程有实现类DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader完成
		documentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(doc, createReaderContext(resource));
		//统计解析的Bean数量
		return getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount() - countBefore;
	}

8、org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader类中

//根据Spring DTD对Bean的定义规则解析Bean定义Document对象
	@Override
	public void registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, XmlReaderContext readerContext) {
		//获得XML描述符
		this.readerContext = readerContext;
		logger.debug("Loading bean definitions");
		//获得Document的根元素
		Element root = doc.getDocumentElement();
		doRegisterBeanDefinitions(root);
	}
protected void doRegisterBeanDefinitions(Element root) {
		//具体的解析过程由BeanDefinitionParserDelegate实现，
		//BeanDefinitionParserDelegate中定义了Spring Bean定义XML文件的各种元素
		BeanDefinitionParserDelegate parent = this.delegate;
		this.delegate = createDelegate(getReaderContext(), root, parent);

		if (this.delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
			String profileSpec = root.getAttribute(PROFILE_ATTRIBUTE);
			if (StringUtils.hasText(profileSpec)) {
				String[] specifiedProfiles = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(
						profileSpec, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS);
				if (!getReaderContext().getEnvironment().acceptsProfiles(specifiedProfiles)) {
					if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
						logger.info("Skipped XML bean definition file due to specified profiles [" + profileSpec +
								"] not matching: " + getReaderContext().getResource());
					}
					return;
				}
			}
		}

		//在解析Bean定义之前，进行自定义的解析，增强解析过程的可扩展性
		preProcessXml(root);
		//从Document的根元素开始进行Bean定义的Document对象
		parseBeanDefinitions(root, this.delegate);
		//在解析Bean定义之后，进行自定义的解析，增加解析过程的可扩展性
		postProcessXml(root);

		this.delegate = parent;
	}
//使用Spring的Bean规则从Document的根元素开始进行Bean定义的Document对象
	protected void parseBeanDefinitions(Element root, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
		//Bean定义的Document对象使用了Spring默认的XML命名空间
		if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
			//获取Bean定义的Document对象根元素的所有子节点
			NodeList nl = root.getChildNodes();
			for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
				Node node = nl.item(i);
				//获得Document节点是XML元素节点
				if (node instanceof Element) {
					Element ele = (Element) node;
					//Bean定义的Document的元素节点使用的是Spring默认的XML命名空间
					if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(ele)) {
						//使用Spring的Bean规则解析元素节点
						parseDefaultElement(ele, delegate);
					}
					else {
						//没有使用Spring默认的XML命名空间，则使用用户自定义的解//析规则解析元素节点
						delegate.parseCustomElement(ele);
					}
				}
			}
		}
		else {
			//Document的根节点没有使用Spring默认的命名空间，则使用用户自定义的
			//解析规则解析Document根节点
			delegate.parseCustomElement(root);
		}
	}
	//使用Spring的Bean规则解析Document元素节点
	private void parseDefaultElement(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
		//如果元素节点是<Import>导入元素，进行导入解析
		if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, IMPORT_ELEMENT)) {
			importBeanDefinitionResource(ele);
		}
		//如果元素节点是<Alias>别名元素，进行别名解析
		else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, ALIAS_ELEMENT)) {
			processAliasRegistration(ele);
		}
		//元素节点既不是导入元素，也不是别名元素，即普通的<Bean>元素，
		//按照Spring的Bean规则解析元素
		else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, BEAN_ELEMENT)) {
			processBeanDefinition(ele, delegate);
		}
		else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, NESTED_BEANS_ELEMENT)) {
			// recurse
			doRegisterBeanDefinitions(ele);
		}
	}
//解析Bean定义资源Document对象的普通元素
	protected void processBeanDefinition(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
		BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele);
		// BeanDefinitionHolder是对BeanDefinition的封装，即Bean定义的封装类
		//对Document对象中<Bean>元素的解析由BeanDefinitionParserDelegate实现
		// BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele);
		if (bdHolder != null) {
			bdHolder = delegate.decorateBeanDefinitionIfRequired(ele, bdHolder);
			try {
				// Register the final decorated instance.
				//向Spring IOC容器注册解析得到的Bean定义，这是Bean定义向IOC容器注册的入口
				BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(bdHolder, getReaderContext().getRegistry());
			}
			catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
				getReaderContext().error("Failed to register bean definition with name '" +
						bdHolder.getBeanName() + "'", ele, ex);
			}
			// Send registration event.
			//在完成向Spring IOC容器注册解析得到的Bean定义之后，发送注册事件
			getReaderContext().fireComponentRegistered(new BeanComponentDefinition(bdHolder));
		}
	}

9、org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionReaderUtils类中

//将解析的BeanDefinitionHold注册到容器中
	public static void registerBeanDefinition(
			BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry)
			throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {

		// Register bean definition under primary name.
		//获取解析的BeanDefinition的名称
		String beanName = definitionHolder.getBeanName();
		//向IOC容器注册BeanDefinition
		registry.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, definitionHolder.getBeanDefinition());

		// Register aliases for bean name, if any.
		//如果解析的BeanDefinition有别名，向容器为其注册别名
		String[] aliases = definitionHolder.getAliases();
		if (aliases != null) {
			for (String alias : aliases) {
				registry.registerAlias(beanName, alias);
			}
		}
	}