springmvc测试

为集成测试控制器创建Mock MVC

import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.*;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.*;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.*; 

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 

@SpringApplicationConfiguration(
      classes = ReadingListApplication.class)

@WebAppConfiguration
public class MockMvcWebTests {

@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext webContext;

private MockMvc mockMvc;

@Before
public void setupMockMvc() {

  mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders
      .webAppContextSetup(webContext)
      .build();

}} 

@Test
    public void homePage() throws Exception {

mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/readingList")).andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk()).andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.view().name("readingList")).andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.model().attributeExists("books")).andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.model().attribute("books",

              Matchers.is(Matchers.empty())));

} 

@Test
public void homePage() throws Exception {

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  mockMvc.perform(get("/readingList"))
        .andExpect(status().isOk())
        .andExpect(view().name("readingList"))
        .andExpect(model().attributeExists("books"))
        .andExpect(model().attribute("books", is(empty())));

} 

@Test
public void postBook() throws Exception {
mockMvc.perform(post("/readingList")

执行POST请求

.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED)
.param("title", "BOOK TITLE")
.param("author", "BOOK AUTHOR")
.param("isbn", "1234567890") 5.param("description", "DESCRIPTION"))

.andExpect(status().is3xxRedirection()).andExpect(header().string("Location", "/readingList"));

Book expectedBook = new Book();
expectedBook.setId(1L);
expectedBook.setReader("craig");
expectedBook.setTitle("BOOK TITLE");
expectedBook.setAuthor("BOOK AUTHOR");
expectedBook.setIsbn("1234567890");
expectedBook.setDescription("DESCRIPTION");

mockMvc.perform(get("/readingList"))
       .andExpect(status().isOk())

.andExpect(view().name("readingList"))
.andExpect(model().attributeExists("books"))
.andExpect(model().attribute("books", hasSize(1)))
.andExpect(model().attribute("books",

             contains(samePropertyValuesAs(expectedBook))));

}

开启安全

@Before
    public void setupMockMvc() {
    mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders

        .webAppContextSetup(webContext)
        .apply(springSecurity())
        .build();

} 

@Test
public void homePage_unauthenticatedUser() throws Exception {
mockMvc.perform(get("/"))

    .andExpect(status().is3xxRedirection())
    .andExpect(header().string("Location",

                               "http://localhost/login"));

} 

@Test
@WithMockUser(username="craig",

              password="password",

              roles="READER")
public void homePage_authenticatedUser() throws Exception {

...} 

@WithUserDetails("craig")
    public void homePage_authenticatedUser() throws Exception {

Reader expectedReader = new Reader();
expectedReader.setUsername("craig");
expectedReader.setPassword("password");
expectedReader.setFullname("Craig Walls");

mockMvc.perform(get("/"))
    .andExpect(status().isOk())
    .andExpect(view().name("readingList"))

.andExpect(model().attribute("reader",

samePropertyValuesAs(expectedReader)))
.andExpect(model().attribute("books", hasSize(0)))

}

测试运行在服务器里的Web应用程序 

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @SpringApplicationConfiguration(

          classes=ReadingListApplication.class)
    @WebIntegrationTest

    public class SimpleWebTest {

      @Test(expected=HttpClientErrorException.class)
      public void pageNotFound() {

        try {
          RestTemplate rest = new RestTemplate();
          rest.getForObject(

           "http://localhost:8080/bogusPage", String.class);
      fail("Should result in HTTP 404");

} catch (HttpClientErrorException e) {assertEquals(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, e.getStatusCode());throw e;

}}

} 

虽然这个测试非常简单，但足以演示如何使用@WebIntegrationTest在服务器里启动应用程序。 

让Spring Boot在随机选择的端口上启动服务器很方便。一种办法是将server.port属性设置为0，让Spring Boot选择一个随机的可用端口。@WebIntegrationTest的value属性接受一个String数组，数组中的每项都是键值对，形如name=value，用来设置测试中使用的属性。要设置server.port，你可以这样做:

    @WebIntegrationTest(value={"server.port=0"})

  另外，因为只要设置一个属性，所以还能有更简单的形式:

@WebIntegrationTest("server.port=0") 

通过value属性来设置属性通常还算方便。但@WebIntegrationTest还提供了一个randomPort属性，更明确地表示让服务器在随机端口上启动。你可以将randomPort设置为true，启用随机端口:

    @WebIntegrationTest(randomPort=true)

既然我们在随机端口上启动了服务器，就需要在发起Web请求时确保使用正确的端口。此时的getForObject()方法在URL里硬编码了8080端口。如果端口是随机选择的，那在构造请求时又该怎么确定正确的端口呢?

首先，我们需要以实例变量的形式注入选中的端口。为了方便，Spring Boot将local.server.port的值设置为了选中的端口。我们只需使用Spring的@Value注解将其注入即可:

    @Value("${local.server.port}")
    private int port;

有了端口之后，只需对getForObject()稍作修改，使用这个port就好了:rest.getForObject(

"http://localhost:{port}/bogusPage", String.class, port);这里我们在URL里把硬编码的8080改为{port}占位符。在getForObject()调用里把port

属性作为最后一个参数传入，就能确保该占位符被替换为注入port的值了 

在Spring Boot里使用Selenium测试的模板 

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 

@SpringApplicationConfiguration(
      classes=ReadingListApplication.class)

@WebIntegrationTest(randomPort=true)
public class ServerWebTests {

  private static FirefoxDriver browser;

  @Value("${local.server.port}")
  private int port;

  @BeforeClass
  public static void openBrowser() {

    browser = new FirefoxDriver();
    browser.manage().timeouts()

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.implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

配置Firefox驱动

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注入端口号

启动

}

  @AfterClass
  public static void closeBrowser() {

    browser.quit();
  }

}