CentOS 7.2 安装Mysql 5.7.18

本文只是用来记录自己在CentOS 7.2安装的经历

卸载mariadb-libs

因为centos7.2默认安装了mariadb-libs，所以先卸载掉

1. 查看是否安装了mariadb-libs：
   rpm -qa | grep mariadb
2. 如果无显示，则表示未安装，此步骤可省略；如果有显示，则表明已安装了，执行命令卸载：
   rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs
   卸载后再次查看是否仍有
   rpm -qa | grep mariadb

安装MySQL

解压mysql安装包

进入到 /usr/local 目录下，解压mysql安装包。我的压缩文件在/home目录下
cd /usr/local/
tar -zxvf /home/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql-5.7.18

添加用户及组

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql mysql -d /usr/local/mysql-5.7.18
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.7.18

创建一个data目录

cd mysql-5.7.18/
mkdir data

初始化数据库

./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.18/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.18/data/
执行后会打印出密码，在最后：A temporary password is generated […]
暂时先忽略警告。

2018-10-15T06:23:45.253242Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-10-15T06:23:51.168465Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-10-15T06:23:52.308589Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-10-15T06:23:52.551988Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: e2c104ee-d042-11e8-b51c-000c2959ff64.
2018-10-15T06:23:52.591054Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table ‘mysql.gtid_executed’ cannot be opened.
2018-10-15T06:23:52.592781Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: &Ndea<bg/3ct

把mysql放到本地系统服务中

cp /usr/local/mysql-5.7.18/bin/my_print_defaults /usr/bin/
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

添加至环境变量

vim /etc/profile
#添加mysql路径

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql-5.7.18/bin

source /etc/profile

修改my.cnf文件

创建/etc/my.cnf文件，并更改归属用户

chown -R mysql.mysql /etc/my.cnf

vim /etc/my.cnf
修改如下配置：

[mysqld]
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.18/
datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.18/data/
log-error=/var/log/mysql/mysqld.log
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
lower_case_table_names=1
[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8mb4

创建日志文件目录/var/log/mysql（默认会保存在MySQL的data文件夹，在此处指定外部目录）

chown -R mysql.mysql /var/log/mysql

启动mysql，修改密码

service mysqld start
登录
mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:

输入刚才屏幕打印的密码 &Ndea<bg/3ct
修改密码：
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'sywgqhwyx';

设置允许远程连接

连接到MySQL后，执行：
use mysql;
update user set host = '%' where user = 'root' limit 1;
flush privileges;

安装完成