目录
概述
事件属于委托的一个子集,像我们平时界面上的鼠标点击按钮后响应事件、事件的发布和订阅等都需要用到委托.通过委托可以很好的实现类之间的解耦好。事件委托EventHandler的函数原型如下:delegate 表示这个个委托,事件委托没有返回值,有两个入参,sender是事件触发的对象,e是一个泛型的事件类型参数
public delegate void EventHandler<TEventArgs>(object sender, TEventArgs e);
用法举例
用法举例1:窗体关闭事件
public void Cancel(object obj, bool e)
{
if (e)
{
sw.AppendLine("try clsoe window");
}
else
{
sw.AppendLine("clsoe window is cancel");
}
}
//事件委托1,事件是委托的子集
EventHandler<bool> windowTryClose = Cancel;
windowTryClose(this, false);
这里在定义了一个委托EventHandler<bool>,将方法Cancel委托给他,然后嗲用委托执行。
注意:EventHandler<bool> windowTryClose = Cancel;是
EventHandler<bool> windowTryClose = new EventHandler<bool>(Cancel);的简写
传入的参数是false,所以运行结果:
clsoe window is cancel
用法举例2 :按钮点击事件
//事件委托2
Button button = new Button();
button.ClickEvent += Button_Click;
button.ClickAction();
public void Button_Click(Object sender, EventArgs args)
{
sw.AppendLine("这是按钮点击事件");
}
public class Button
{
public EventHandler ClickEvent;
public void ClickAction()
{
ClickEvent.Invoke(this, new EventArgs());
}
}
这里主要是写了按钮点击事件的一个委托,一般在定义事件委托时前面可以用event去修饰,我这里省略了,
用法举例3 :事件发布与订阅
//事件委托3
var myPublishEventArgs = new PublishEvent();
_ = new SubscribeEvent(myPublishEventArgs);
myPublishEventArgs.Publish();
public class MyPublishEventArgs : EventArgs
{
public string InfoString { get; set; }
}
public class PublishEvent
{
public event EventHandler<MyPublishEventArgs> OnPublish;
public void Publish()
{
OnPublish?.Invoke(this, new MyPublishEventArgs() { InfoString = "hello" });
}
}
public class SubscribeEvent
{
public SubscribeEvent(PublishEvent publishEvent)
{
publishEvent.OnPublish += Subscribe;
}
public void Subscribe(Object sender, MyPublishEventArgs args)
{
MessageBox.Show($"我接收到的消息是:{args.InfoString}");
}
}
这里封装了几个类,MyPublishEventArgs是我要发送的事件,MyPublishEventArgs这个类是发布者,SubscribeEvent这个是订阅者,主要订阅事件一定要放在发布前,这样才能成功接收到事件.
委托部分这里就讲解完事了,全部源码如下:
using PropertyChanged;
using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Windows;
namespace Caliburn.Micro.Hello.ViewModels
{
[AddINotifyPropertyChangedInterface]
public class DelegateViewModel : Screen,IViewModel
{
public string ResultString { get; set; }
delegate int DelegateM(string a, string b);//声明,可以有返回值也可以没有
StringBuilder sw = new StringBuilder();
public DelegateViewModel()
{
DisplayName = "DelegateTest";
}
public void Test()
{
sw.AppendLine($"【Delegate测试】执行线程id:{Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId}");
//func用法1
//Func<string, string, int> func = new Func<string, string, int>(p.StringAddA);
Func<string, string, int> func = StringAddA;//简写
var result = func.Invoke("3", "5");//可以简化为func("3", "5")
sw.AppendLine($"【func用法1】func返回结果是:{result}");
//func用法2,用lamda表达式简化写法,通过+=注册实现多播委托
func += (a, b) =>
{
return int.Parse(a) - int.Parse(b);
};
sw.AppendLine($"【func用法2】func返回结果是:{func("3", "5")}");
//Action用法
//Action<string, string> action = new Action<string, string>(p.StringAddB);
Action<string, string> action = StringAddB;//简写
IAsyncResult asyncResult = action.BeginInvoke("3", "5", null, null);//action("3", "5"),BeginInvoke异步执行,即:开启新现成处理StringAddB
action.EndInvoke(asyncResult);//阻塞委托,直到执行完成
if (asyncResult.IsCompleted)
{
sw.AppendLine($"【Action用法】当前异步委托线程已执行完成");
}
Test(func, action);//将方法委托后转化为参数进行传递
//delegate用法
//DelegateM delegateM = new DelegateM(p.StringAddA);
DelegateM delegateM = StringAddA;//简写
sw.AppendLine($"【delegate用法】delegate返回结果是:{delegateM("3", "5")}");
//事件委托1,事件是委托的子集
EventHandler<bool> windowTryClose = new EventHandler<bool>(Cancel);
windowTryClose(this, false);
//事件委托2
Button button = new Button();
button.ClickEvent += Button_Click;
button.ClickAction();
//事件委托3
var myPublishEventArgs = new PublishEvent();
_ = new SubscribeEvent(myPublishEventArgs);
myPublishEventArgs.Publish();
ResultString = sw.ToString();
}
public int StringAddA(string a, string b)
{
return int.Parse(a) + int.Parse(b);
}
public void StringAddB(string a, string b)
{
sw.AppendLine($"【Action用法】Action执行线程id:{Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId}");
sw.AppendLine($"【Action用法】Action执行结果:{(int.Parse(a) + int.Parse(b))}");
}
public void Test(Func<string, string, int> f, Action<string, string> a)
{
a.Invoke(f.Invoke("3", "5").ToString(), "5");
}
public void Cancel(object obj, bool e)
{
if (e)
{
sw.AppendLine("try clsoe window");
}
else
{
sw.AppendLine("clsoe window is cancel");
}
}
public void Button_Click(Object sender, EventArgs args)
{
sw.AppendLine("这是按钮点击事件");
}
public void MyEvent(Object sender, EventArgs args)
{
sw.AppendLine("这是按钮点击事件");
}
}
public class Button
{
public EventHandler ClickEvent;
public void ClickAction()
{
ClickEvent.Invoke(this, new EventArgs());
}
}
public class MyPublishEventArgs : EventArgs
{
public string InfoString { get; set; }
}
public class PublishEvent
{
public event EventHandler<MyPublishEventArgs> OnPublish;
public void Publish()
{
OnPublish?.Invoke(this, new MyPublishEventArgs() { InfoString = "hello" });
}
}
public class SubscribeEvent
{
public SubscribeEvent(PublishEvent publishEvent)
{
publishEvent.OnPublish += Subscribe;
}
public void Subscribe(Object sender, MyPublishEventArgs args)
{
MessageBox.Show($"我接收到的消息是:{args.InfoString}");
}
}
}
运行结果: