1. list的每个元素可以是任意类型
>>> a = [1, 2, [1, 2], 's']
>>> a
[1, 2, [1, 2], 's']
2. 分片操作和倒计数操作
>>> a
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
>>> c = a[-4:-1]
>>> c
[2, 3, 4]
a[m:n] 代表从a中第m号元素到第n号元素,- 代表倒计数。a[m:] 表示从第m到末尾,a[:] 表示取a中所有元素。
3. 按步长取元素
>>> a
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0]
>>> a[::3]
[1, 4, 7, 0]
>>> a[::3][::2]
[1, 7]
a[::n] 每n个元素取一个,第0号元素必取
4. +和*
>>> a = [1]*3
>>> a
[1, 1, 1]
>>> b = [4, 5]
>>> a + b
[1, 1, 1, 4, 5]
5. 各种好用的操作
len, max, min
>>> a = [1, 2, 3]
>>> len(a)
3
>>> max(a)
3
>>> min(a)
1
尾部添加元素append和插入元素insert
>>> a
[1, 2, 3]
>>> a.append(0)
>>> a
[1, 2, 3, 0]
>>> a.insert(3, 4)
>>> a
[1, 2, 3, 4, 0]
匹配index, 计数count, 删除del
>>> a
[1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 0]
>>> a.index(4)
3
>>> a.count(4)
2
>>> del a[4:5]
>>> a
[1, 2, 3, 4, 0]
index返回匹配到的第一个元素的坐标,count返回匹配成功的元素个数, del a[m:n]删除从m到n的元素,n不删除
拓展extend, 删除末尾元素pop, 删除第一个匹配元素remove, 反转reverse,排序sort
>>> a = [0, 1, 2]
>>> b = [3, 3, 3]
>>> a.extend(b) #与a+b不同,extend修改了a
>>> a
[0, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3]
>>> a.pop()
3 #返回删除的元素
>>> a
[0, 1, 2, 3, 3]
>>> a.remove(3)
>>> a
[0, 1, 2, 3]
>>> a.reverse()
>>> a
[3, 2, 1, 0]
>>> a.sort()
>>> a
[0, 1, 2, 3]
6. list比较( ==, <, >)
>>> a = [1, 2, 3]
>>> a == [1, 2]
False
>>> a > [3]
False
>>> a > [1, 1, 1, 1]
True
>>> a == [1, 2, 3]
True
对位比较,不相等输出对应结果,相等则对比下一位,全部相等则list相等