Python list 列表常用方法

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已于 2022-12-25 20:17:55 修改

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分类专栏： Python常用方法文章标签： python 开发语言

于 2022-12-25 20:02:34 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weifei20001217/article/details/128436584

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while 和 for 循环 list 序列列表

while

for

查找

index()

语法：列表序列.index(数据，开始下标，结束下标)

list = ["1","2","hello","world","weifei"]


# 结果：'hello' is not in list , 查找不到会报错！
print(list.index("hello",0,1)) 


# 结果：2
print(list.index("hello",2))


# 结果：2
print(list.index("hello"))

默认不写开始下标与结束下标时，查找整个 list 列表。

如果查找的数据不存在则报错！

返回数据在 list 列表中的下标位置。

count()

语法：列表序列.count(数据)

list = ["1","2","hello","world","1","weifei","1"]

# 结果：3
print(list.count("1"))


# 结果：1
print(list.conut("hello"))

count 方法返回数据在 list 列表中存在的总数量。

注意：总数量跟下标不同，从1开始，并不是从0，有多少个就是多少个。

len()

语法：len(列表序列)

list = ["1","2","hello","world","1","weifei","1"]
print(len(list))# 结果：7


list1 = ["1","2","3"]
print(len(list1))# 结果：3


list2 = ["A","B","C","D"]
print(len(list2))# 结果：4

len 方法访问列表长度，即列表中数据的个数。

in 与 not in

语法：

in ----- 指定数据 in 列表序列

not in ------ 指定数据 not in 列表序列

# in 例子：
list = ["1","2","hello","world","1","weifei","1"]

print("hello" in list) # 结果：True

print("wei" in list) # 结果：False

print("1" in list) # 结果：True

# not in 例子:
list = ["1","2","hello","world","1","weifei","1"]

print("hello" not in list) # 结果：False

print("wei" not in list) # 结果：True

print("1" not in list) # 结果：False

in 判断列表序列中是否存在指定数据，存在指定数据时返回 True ，否则返回 False 。

not in 判断列表序列中是否不存在指定数据：不存在指定数据时返回 True ,否则返回 False 。

增加

append()

语法：列表序列.append(指定数据)

list = ["2",2,"hello"]
list.append("world")


# 结果：["2",2,"hello","world"]
print(list)

list.append("weifei")


# 结果：["2",2,"hello","world","weifei"]
print(list)

list.append(["你好","我不好，我阳了"])

# 结果：["2",2,"hello","world","weifei",["你好","我不好，我阳了"]]
print(list)

append 方法向列表序列末尾添加指定数据。

列表追加数据的时候，直接在原列表里面追加了指定数据，即修改了原列表，故列表为可变数据类型。

注意：如果append()追加的数据是一个序列，则追加整个序列到列表。

extend()

语法：列表序列.extend(数据)

list = ["wei","fei"]
list.extend("CSDN")


# 结果：['wei', 'fei', 'C', 'S', 'D', 'N']
print(list)

list = ["wei","fei"]
list.extend(["CSDN","666"])

# 结果：["wei","fei","CSDN","666"]
print(list)

extend 方法在列表末尾添加数据，如果该数据是一个序列，则将这个序列的数据进行逐一添加到列表。

insert()

语法：列表序列.insert(位置下标，数据)

list = ["1","2","CSDN"]
list.insert(0,"weifei")

# 结果：["weifei","1","2","CSDN"]
print(list)

list.insert(2,"666")

# 结果：["weifei","1","666","2","CSDN"]
print(list)

insert 方法向列表序列指定下标位置添加数据。

删除

del

语法： del 目标

list = ["weifei","CSDN","66666"]


# 结果：["weifei","CSDN","66666"]
print(list)

del list[2]

# 结果：["weifei","CSDN"]
print(list)

del list

# 结果：'list' is not defined
print(list)

del 可以删除整个数据也可以删除指定数据。

删除指定数据时需要在列表序列后面添加需要删除的下标位置。

pop()

语法：列表序列.pop(下标)

list = ["weifei","CSDN","66666","233"]
list.pop()

# 结果：["weifei","CSDN","66666"]
print(list)

list.pop(0)

# 结果：["CSDN","66666"]
print(list)

pop 方法删除指定下标数据，默认为删除最后一个。

remove()

语法：列表序列.remove(数据)

list = ["666","weifei","CSDN","666","233","666"]
list.remove("666")

# 结果：["weifei","CSDN","666","233","666"]
print(list)

remove 方法移除列表序列中匹配到的第一个数据项。

clear()

语法：列表序列.clear()

list = ["666","weifei","CSDN","666","233","666"]

list.clear()


# 结果：[]
print(list)

clear 方法，清空列表序列中的所有数据，即清空列表。

修改

修改序列列表指定位置

语法：序列列表[下标] = 数据

list = ["666","weifei","CSDN","666","233","666"]

list[0] = "你好"


# 结果：["你好","weifei","CSDN","666","233","666"]
print(list)

该方法通过下标来获取到当前数据，并通过 = 重新赋值的方法来达到修改列表指定位置的效果。

reverse()

语法：序列列表.reverse()

list = ["1","2","3","4","5","6"]
list.reverse()


#结果： ["6","5","4","3","2","1"]
print(list)

reverse 方法会将列表数据进行逆置，即反转数据。

sort()

语法：列表序列.sort(key=None,reverse=False)

list = ["1","8","3","2","6"]

list.sort()

# 结果：["1","2","3","6","8"]
print(list)

list.sort(reverse=True)

# 结果：['8', '6', '3', '2', '1']
print(list)

sort 方法会将列表进行排序。

reverse表示排序规则，reverse=True降序，reverse=Flase升序（默认）

copy()

语法：序列列表.copy()

list1 = ["weifei","CSDN","666","233"]

list2 = list1.copy()

# 结果： ["weifei","CSDN","666","233"]
print(list2)

copy 方法会将列表进行复制并返回一个一模一样的列表。

while 和 for 循环 list 序列列表

while

list = ["CSDN","weifei","hello","world"]

i = 0

while i < len(list):
    """
    打印结果：
        CSND
        weifei
        hello
        world
    """
    print(i)
    i += 1

for

list = ["CSDN","weifei","hello","world"]

for i in list:
    """
    打印结果：
        CSND
        weifei
        hello
        world
    """
    print(i)