request 获取请求消息数据

一、 获取请求行数据

GET /day14/demo1?name=zhangsan HTTP/1.1

方法：
	（1）获取请求方式 ：GET
				* String getMethod()  
	（2）(重要)获取虚拟目录：/day14
				* String getContextPath()
	（3）获取Servlet路径: /demo1
				* String getServletPath()
	（4）获取get方式请求参数：name=zhangsan
				* String getQueryString()
	（5）(重要)获取请求URI：/day14/demo1
				* String getRequestURI():		/day14/demo1
				* StringBuffer getRequestURL()  :http://localhost/day14/demo1
				* URL:统一资源定位符 ： http://localhost/day14/demo1	
				* URI：统一资源标识符 : /day14/demo1	（与URL相比表示的范围更大）				
					
	（6） 获取协议及版本：HTTP/1.1
				* String getProtocol()
	（7）获取客户机的IP地址：
				* String getRemoteAddr()

@WebServlet("/RequestDemo")
public class RequestDemo extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1. 获取请求方式 ：GET
        String method = request.getMethod();
        System.out.println(method);
        //2.(*)获取虚拟目录：/ 未设置
        String contextPath = request.getContextPath();
        System.out.println(contextPath);
        //3. 获取Servlet路径: /RequestDemo
        String servletPath = request.getServletPath();
        System.out.println(servletPath);
        //4. 获取get方式请求参数：name=Java
        String queryString = request.getQueryString();
        System.out.println(queryString);
        //5.(*)获取请求URI：/RequestDemo
        String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();
        StringBuffer requestURL = request.getRequestURL();
        System.out.println(requestURI);/RequestDemo
        System.out.println(requestURL);//http://localhost:8080/RequestDemo
        //6. 获取协议及版本：HTTP/1.1
        String protocol = request.getProtocol();
        System.out.println(protocol);
        //7. 获取客户机的IP地址：0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1(IPV6)
        String remoteAddr = request.getRemoteAddr();
        System.out.println(remoteAddr);
    }
}

二、获取请求头数据

方法：
	* (*)String getHeader(String name):通过请求头的名称获取请求头的值
	* Enumeration<String> getHeaderNames():获取所有的请求头名称

@WebServlet("/requestDemo")
public class RequestDemo extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //演示获取请求头数据
        
        //1.获取所有请求头名称
        Enumeration<String> headerNames = request.getHeaderNames();
        //2.遍历
        while(headerNames.hasMoreElements()){
            String name = headerNames.nextElement();
            //根据名称获取请求头的值
            String value = request.getHeader(name);
            System.out.println(name+"---"+value);
        }

    }
}

防盗链应用：

@WebServlet("/requestDemo")
public class RequestDemo extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //演示获取请求头数据:referer

        String referer = request.getHeader("referer");
        System.out.println(referer);//http://localhost/day14/login.html

        //防盗链
        if(referer != null ){
            if(referer.contains("/day14")){
                //正常访问，表示是从官方主页上跳转过来的
               // System.out.println("播放电影....");
                response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
                response.getWriter().write("播放电影....");
            }else{
                //盗链，不是从官方主页上跳到播放页面的就拦截
                //System.out.println("想看电影吗？来优酷吧...");
                response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
                response.getWriter().write("想看电影吗？来优酷吧...");
            }
        }

    }
}

三、 获取请求体数据:

* 请求体：只有POST请求方式，才有请求体，在请求体中封装了POST请求的请求参数
* 步骤：
		（1）获取流对象
				*  BufferedReader getReader()：获取字符输入流，只能操作字符数据
				*  ServletInputStream getInputStream()：获取字节输入流，可以操作所有类型数据
							
		（2）再从流对象中拿数据

@WebServlet("/requestDemo")
public class RequestDemo extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取请求消息体--请求参数

        //1.获取字符流
        BufferedReader br = request.getReader();
        //2.读取数据
        String line = null;
        while((line = br.readLine()) != null){
            System.out.println(line);
        }

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    }
}

通过 Login.html 提交表单：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Login</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="/requestDemo" method="post">
        <input name="username" placeholder="请输入用户名">
        <input name="password" placeholder="请输入密码">
        <input type="submit" value="提交">
    </form>

</body>
</html>