MyBatis学习笔记（五）一对多关系

有了之前的student表，address表后，再加上一张表，grade年级表，一个年级对应多个学生，在查询grade表的时候，一并查询学生表．

一条grade数据对就多条学生数据，一对多关系．

一．首先完成从grade----> student的单向联结.

1.建表mybatis_grade.

package com.skymr.mybatis.model;

import java.util.List;

public class Grade {

	private int id;
	
	private String gradeName;
	
	private List<Student> students;

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getGradeName() {
		return gradeName;
	}

	public void setGradeName(String gradeName) {
		this.gradeName = gradeName;
	}

	public List<Student> getStudents() {
		return students;
	}

	public void setStudents(List<Student> students) {
		this.students = students;
	}
	
	public String toString(){
		return "["+id+","+gradeName+","+students+"]";
	}
}

２.GradeMapper接口

package com.skymr.mybatis.mappers;

import com.skymr.mybatis.model.Grade;

public interface GradeMapper {

	public Grade getGrade(int id);
}

３.GradeMapper.xml映射

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.skymr.mybatis.mappers.GradeMapper">
	<select id="getGrade" resultMap="gradeMap" parameterType="int">
		select * from mybatis_grade where id=#{id}
	</select>
	
	<resultMap type="Grade" id="gradeMap">
		<id property="id" column="id"/>
		<result property="gradeName" column="grade_name"/>
		<!-- 根据id查询student getStudentsByGradeId -->
		<!-- column传入grade主键 -->
		<collection property="students" column="id" select="com.skymr.mybatis.mappers.StudentMapper.getStudentsByGradeId"></collection>
	</resultMap>
</mapper> 

４.为StudentMapper添加getStudentsByGradeId方法

public List<Student> getStudentsByGradeId(int gradeId);

	<select id="getStudentsByGradeId" resultMap="stuMapWithAddr" parameterType="int">
		select * from mybatis_Student where grade_id=#{gradeId}
	</select>

	<resultMap type="Student" id="stuMapWithAddr">
		<id property="id" column="id"/>
		<result property="name" column="name"/>
		<result property="age" column="age"/>
		<association property="address" column="address_id" select="com.skymr.mybatis.mappers.AddressMapper.getAddress">
		</association>
	</resultMap>

５．测试．

package com.skymr.mybatis.service;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import com.skymr.mybatis.mappers.GradeMapper;
import com.skymr.mybatis.model.Grade;
import com.skymr.mybatis.util.MybatisUtil;

public class GradeTest {

	private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GradeTest.class);
	
	private SqlSession session;
	
	@Before
	public void beforeTest(){
		session = MybatisUtil.openSession();
	}
	@After
	public void afterTest(){
		session.close();
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testGetGrade(){
		logger.info("测试取得年级（带学生）");
		GradeMapper mapper = session.getMapper(GradeMapper.class);
		Grade grade = mapper.getGrade(1);
		logger.info(grade.toString());
	}
	
}

二．再完成student－－＞ Grade的单向连接．

这就和上一节学习的差不多了，

１.Student类中加入Grade属性

private Grade grade;
	public Grade getGrade() {
		return grade;
	}
	public void setGrade(Grade grade) {
		this.grade = grade;
	}

2.StudentMapper.xml修改

	<resultMap type="Student" id="stuMapWithAddr">
		<id property="id" column="id"/>
		<result property="name" column="name"/>
		<result property="age" column="age"/>
		<association property="address" column="address_id" select="com.skymr.mybatis.mappers.AddressMapper.getAddress">
		</association>
		<association property="grade" column="grade_id" select="com.skymr.mybatis.mappers.GradeMapper.getGrade"></association>
	</resultMap>

3.测试

	@Test
	public void testGetStudent(){
		logger.info("测试取得学生（带地址）");
		StudentMapper mapper = session.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
		Student stu= mapper.getStudentWithAddr(1);
		logger.info(stu.toString());

ps:student与Grade类的toString 方法要注意，千万不要循环打印了．

想到了一个问题，Student中包含了Grade，Grade又包含了Student，数据库中会不会循环查询呢？

进行验证吧，

（１）把Student类，Grade类的toString 方法去掉

（２）修改测试方法

	@Test
	public void testGetStudent(){
		logger.info("测试取得学生（带地址）");
		StudentMapper mapper = session.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
		Student stu= mapper.getStudentWithAddr(1);
		logger.info(stu.toString());
		logger.info(stu.getGrade().toString());
		logger.info(stu.getGrade().getStudents().toString());
		logger.info(stu.getGrade().getStudents().get(0).getGrade().toString());
		logger.info(stu.getGrade().getStudents().get(0).getGrade().getStudents().toString());
	}

打印结果

2015-08-31 12:01:26 564 ->[main]--[INFO ]--[StudentTest3]--测试取得学生（带地址）
2015-08-31 12:01:27 067 ->[main]--[INFO ]--[StudentTest3]--com.skymr.mybatis.model.Student@1bbc3eb
2015-08-31 12:01:27 067 ->[main]--[INFO ]--[StudentTest3]--com.skymr.mybatis.model.Grade@3b8a9a
2015-08-31 12:01:27 067 ->[main]--[INFO ]--[StudentTest3]--[com.skymr.mybatis.model.Student@1089c2c]
2015-08-31 12:01:27 067 ->[main]--[INFO ]--[StudentTest3]--com.skymr.mybatis.model.Grade@3b8a9a
2015-08-31 12:01:27 067 ->[main]--[INFO ]--[StudentTest3]--[com.skymr.mybatis.model.Student@1089c2c]

结果表明，第一行Student实例与第三行实例不等，之后的实例就相互指引了，数据库中没有循环查询．

数据库中查询了３次：

第１次查询student表，

第２次查询Gradent表，

第３次再查询Student表，其实这次是多余的，可以经过配置去掉．

总结：一对多关系与一对一相似，主要的差别是association与connection, association是外键关联主键，一对一，connection是主键关联外键，一对多．