C //习题 6.10 有一篇文章，共有3行文字，每行有80个字符。要求分别统计出其中英文大写字母、小写字母、数字、空格以及其他字符的个数。

C程序设计 （第四版） 谭浩强 习题6.10

习题 6.10 有一篇文章，共有3行文字，每行有80个字符。要求分别统计出其中英文大写字母、小写字母、数字、空格以及其他字符的个数。

IDE工具：VS2010

Note: 使用不同的IDE工具可能有部分差异。

 

代码块

方法1：使用数组

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    char str[3][80];
    
	int upperCaseLetter, lowerCaseLetter, number, space, others;
    
	printf("Enter 3 lines strings:\n");
	for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
		printf("Line %d: ", i + 1);
        gets(str[i]);
	}

    for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
		upperCaseLetter = 0;
		lowerCaseLetter = 0;
		number = 0;
		space = 0;
		others = 0;

        for(int j = 0; str[i][j] != '\0'; j++){
            if(str[i][j] >= 'A' && str[i][j] <= 'Z'){
                upperCaseLetter++;
			}
            else if(str[i][j] >= 'a' && str[i][j] <= 'z'){
                lowerCaseLetter++;
			}
            else if(str[i][j] >= '0' && str[i][j] <= '9'){
                number++;
			}
            else if(str[i][j] == ' ' || str[i][j] == '\t'){
                space++;
			}
            else{
                others++;
			}
        }
		printf("\nLine %d:\nUpperCase Letter = %d\nLowerCase Letter = %d\nNumber = %d\nSpace = %d\nOthers = %d\n\n", i + 1, upperCaseLetter, lowerCaseLetter, number, space, others);
	}

	system("pause");
    return 0;
}

方法2：指针和函数的模块化设计

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

void initialStr(char ***str, int n){
	*str = (char**)malloc(n * sizeof(char*));
	for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
		(*str)[i] = (char*)malloc(80 * sizeof(char));
	}
}

void inputStr(char **str, int n){
	printf("Enter %d lines strings:\n", n);
	for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
		printf("Line %d: ", i + 1);
        gets(str[i]);
	}
}

void countStr(char **str, int n){
    for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
		int count[5] = {0};
        for(int j = 0; str[i][j] != '\0'; j++){
            if(str[i][j] >= 'A' && str[i][j] <= 'Z'){
                count[0]++;
			}
            else if(str[i][j] >= 'a' && str[i][j] <= 'z'){
                count[1]++;
			}
            else if(str[i][j] >= '0' && str[i][j] <= '9'){
                count[2]++;
			}
            else if(str[i][j] == ' ' || str[i][j] == '\t'){
                count[3]++;
			}
            else{
                count[4]++;
			}
        }
		printf("\nLine %d:\n", i + 1);
		for(int k = 0; k < 5; k++){
			switch(k){
			case 0: printf("UpperCase Letter = %d\n", count[k]); break;
			case 1: printf("LowerCase Letter = %d\n", count[k]); break;
			case 2: printf("Number = %d\n", count[k]); break;
			case 3: printf("Space = %d\n", count[k]); break;
			case 4: printf("Others = %d\n\n", count[k]); break;
			default: break;
			}
		}
	}
}

void freeStr(char ***str, int n){
	for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
		free((*str)[i]);
	}
	free(*str);
}

int main()
{
    char **str = NULL;

	initialStr(&str, 3);
    inputStr(str, 3);
	countStr(str, 3);
	freeStr(&str, 3);

	system("pause");
    return 0;
}